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Tragedia na Przełęczy Diatłowa (1 luty 1959 r.)


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Перевал Дятлова: стали известны результаты повторного ДНК-исследования останков предполагаемого Семена Золотарева

В Российском центре судебно-медицинской экспертизы Минздрава РФ завершился анализ праха самого загадочного участника рокового похода
inx960x640.jpgПервое исследование было проведено еще в маеФото: Алексей БУЛАТОВ

Зимой 1959 года в горах Северного Урала пропали девять туристов под руководством Игоря Дятлова.

 

Через месяц спасатели обнаружили их разрезанную палатку.

 

А в радиусе полутора километров от нее - пять замерзших тел.

 

Трупы остальных нашли только в мае.

 

Почти все туристы были разутые и полураздетые.

 

У некоторых - смертельные травмы.

 

До сих пор неясно, почему ребята убежали на лютый мороз и на свою погибель.

 

Самым старшим участником рокового похода был 37-летний фронтовик Семен Золотарев.

 

О нем, а также о том, почему мы решили провести эксгумацию его могилы, мы писали не раз.

 

Напомним лишь, что при жизни на теле Семена, по воспоминаниям родственников, не было татуировок, которые обнаружил судмедэксперт при вскрытии.

 

К тому же лицо у погибшего на перевале, и обозначенного как Семен Золотарев, было неузнаваемо.

 

Поэтому до сих пор сомнения - того ли похоронили под памятником Семену Золотареву?

 

К тому же захоронение Золотарева вообще не отмечено в реестре кладбищ Екатеринбурга.

 

То есть, по документам, его в этом городе и не хоронили.

 

Это и побудило родственников Семена попросить «КП» провести эксгумацию и установить родство с помощью ДНК-экспертизы.

 

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Семен Золотарев (слева) - самый загадочный участник группы Дятлова

РЕЗУЛЬТАТ ОШЕЛОМИЛ

 

Первое исследование было проведено еще в мае.

 

Его сенсационные результаты генетик Алексей Гарковенкоозвучил в эфире Первого канала: «Близкого родства между человеком, захороненным в могиле и родственниками Семена Золотарева установить не удалось».

 

Вывод, признаться, нас ошеломил.

 

И мы решили провести повторный анализ.

 

Но на сей раз не в частной лаборатории, а в Российском центре судебно-медицинской экспертизы Минздрава РФ (РЦ СМЭ).

 

Итоги прокомментировал руководитель исследования, профессор, доктор биологических наук, лауреат Государственной премии России, эксперт РАН Павел Иванов.

 

Именно он более 20 лет назад разработал и внедрил в экспертную практику методику ДНК-исследования.

 

- Павел Леонидович, для исследования по Семену Золотареву мы передали эксперту лучевую кость, которая в момент эксгумации побывала не в одних руках.

 

Могли на нее попасть чужие биологические следы, которые экспертиза могла попутать с ДНК кости?

 

- Во время работы поверхностная часть кости снимается, а внутрь вряд ли что-то попало.

 

Это нужно сильно постараться.

 

Все отмывается, снимается, и материал берется изнутри.

 

Затем материал измельчается с помощью соответствующих аппаратов.

 

Получается тонкий костный порошок.

 

Это делается для того, чтобы увеличить поверхность объекта исследования, из которого максимально нужно вытащить генетическую составляющую, то есть ДНК.

 

Это примерно то же самое, как кофе.

 

Прежде чем заварить кофе, его размалывают.

 

Если вы целые зерна будете парить в кипятке, вы, конечно, там что-то получите, но мало.

 

Вот и здесь - чем тоньше эта пудра, тем выше выход генетического материала.

 

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Могила Семена Золотарева - предположительноФото: АЛЕКСЕЙ БУЛАТОВ

Тонкостей много.

 

Например, при дроблении кость не должна нагреваться, иначе генетический материал начнет распадаться.

 

Он и так подвергается воздействию бактерий в земле, всяких солей, растворов.

 

Кость, полученная «Комсомолкой» при эксгумации, - трудный объект.

 

Поэтому мы приготовили из нее восемь образцов, чтобы смотреть воспроизводимость результата, его закономерность.

 

Сколько раз будет повторяться одна и та же комбинация.

 

Подобные анализы - это высокие технологии, заниматься ими должны квалифицированные люди.

 

А не начетники (те, кто много читал, но усвоил материал поверхностно, - Авт.), которые, примерно представляют, что с чем сравнивать, но не знают законов жанра.

 

Они могут неправильно трактовать тот или иной факт.

 

- Все ли восемь образцов дали хороший результат или нет?

 

- Часть не получилась вовсе.

 

Биологический материал был разрушен.

 

Но с двух образцов кости удалось получить одинаковый генотип.

 

И потом его сравнили с генотипом родственников Золотарева.

 

Кстати, я видел результат первого исследования - там очень плохие данные.

 

Тот комплекс признаков, который описал специалист, вообще ничего не отражал.

 

- Объясните.

 

- У вас есть цветной четкий фотопортрет.
И есть телевизионное изображение этого же лица с сильными помехами, как на старом кинескопе.
Так вот слабый специалист говорит: «Я вижу лицо.
Оно имеет вертикальный овал, четкий нос».
А на картинке с дефектом он видит кривое лицо, кривой нос, а сбоку сдавление.
И делает вывод: «Конечно, это же разные люди».
Но нужно понимать: ты не можешь проводить сравнение с этими данными, они просто непригодны для работы.
Ну, если эксперт этого не понимает, то он скажет: «Да, это два разных человека».
То же самое происходит и с генетическими признаками.
Они локализуются в хромосомах и при исследовании определенным образом проявляются.
Эксперт изучает как бы их виртуальный образ, который задается технологией.
Но мало получить этот образ, важно уметь с ним работать.

 

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Рабочие вскрывают могилуФото: АЛЕКСЕЙ БУЛАТОВ

Я не говорю, что такие эксперты намеренно пытаются кого-то обмануть.

 

Это, на мой взгляд, свидетельствует, что человек в целом понимает процесс, но в деталях не разбирается.

 

В криминалистике таких примеров очень много.

 

И из-за такой неграмотной работы следствие рушится.

 

Преступники остаются на свободе или, наоборот, невинные попадают в тюрьму.

 

Подобных специалистов, я считаю, надо просто гнать поганой метлой.

 

Но это трудно.

 

 

ВЕРОЯТНОСТЬ РОДСТВА ПОЧТИ 100 ПРОЦЕНТОВ

 

- Исследование на родство проводятся (см. «Справку «КП») по хромосомной (Y) ДНК или по митохондриальной ДНК.

 

В нашем случае что было сделано?

 

- По митохондриальной ДНК.

 

Сам объект настолько плохой, что установить в нем хромосомные признак гораздо сложнее, чем митохондриальные, которых в клетке в тысячу раз больше.

 

- Есть мнение, что сравнение по митохондриальному признаку не совсем достоверное.

 

- Не совсем так.

 

Митохондриальная ДНК, в отличие от хромосомной, не характеризует индивидуума, а характеризует его генетическую линию, потому что она сохраняется неизменной в ряду поколений.

 

То есть у ребенка будет точно такая же митохондриальная ДНК, как и у его матери.

 

У его матери точно такая же митохондриальная ДНК, как у ее матери.

 

Но точно такая же ДНК может встретиться и у постороннего человека.

 

Например, один на 10 тысяч людей.

 

- Это означает, что они родственники?

 

- Нет.

 

Допустим, у вас группа крови II.

 

И у незнакомца с улицы такая же.

 

Он ваш родственник?

 

Нет.

 

Он другой человек с таким же признаком.

 

- А в нашем случае какова вероятность совпадений?

 

- В заключении написано: «Вероятность родства составляет 99,66-99,84 процента».

 

Примерно один человек на десять тысяч.

 

- Именно поэтому ставят под сомнение исследования по методу митохондриальной ДНК?

 

- Смысл в этом.

 

Но эти исследования все равно считаются достоверными, так как сложно предположить, что в могилу с табличкой Семен Золотарев попал человек с такой же ДНК.

 

К тому же в вашем случае анализ по материнской линии - единственный возможный способ.

 

Ведь устанавливалось родство: дядя - племянники.

 

А исследование по хромосомной (ядерной) ДНК позволяет установить родство только на очень близкой генетической дистанции: родители и дети, родные братья, сестры.

 

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Судмедэксперт проводит экспертизуФото: АЛЕКСЕЙ БУЛАТОВ

- Есть версия, что родной брат Семена Золотарева - Николай мог выдавать себя за брата.

 

- Проведенное генетическое исследование не даст ответа.

 

Они родные братья с одинаковой структурой митохондриальной ДНК.

 

- А если бы мы предоставили образец сына Семена, то можно было бы точно сказать, что это Семен Золотарев?

 

- Да.

 

Но если бы получилось найти участок не разрушенной хромосомной ДНК Семена.

 

 

НЕПРИГОДНЫЕ РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ

 

- Почему данные повторной экспертизы целиком расходятся с первыми результатами?

 

- Они не смогли получить приемлемые для анализа результаты, но выдали за приемлемые то, что было непригодно.

 

И получили неправильный вывод.

 

Иными словами, они обработали один участок, не нашли в нем совпадений и заявили, что «родство не установлено».

 

Но надо было просто сказать: «К сожалению, нет данных по этому человеку, которые мы могли бы сравнивать».

 

А ДНК живого человека (племянницы) они правильно определили.

 

И во время повторного исследования мы сравнили полученные результаты из кости с уже готовыми результатами племянницы.

 

И сделали противоположный вывод.

 

 

 

 

 

 

ОТ АВТОРОВ

 

Итак, повторная экспертиза, проведенная на сей раз столь авторитетным ученым как Павел Иванов, показала, что ДНК человека, похороненного под табличкой «Семен Золотарев», совпадает с ДНК родной племянницы Семена Золотарева.

 

Но этот факт не отвергает версию иных исследователей, подозревающих, что под именем Семена мог скрываться его родной брат Николай, который, согласно архивным документам, работал у немцев и пропал бесследно в годы войны.

 

Поэтому мы пока не можем поставить жирную точку на этом расследовании.

 

Как и прежде взываем к нашим читателям: если у вас есть что сообщить нам по данной теме, пишете по адресу: konata@kp.ru, vars@kp.ru.

 

 

 

СПРАВКА «КП»

 

Что такое хромосомная (Y) ДНК и митохондриальная ДНК?

 

Хромосомная (Y) ДНК – это сугубо мужская линия.

 

Сравнение по ней возможно только среди мужчин.

 

У женщин этой ДНК нет.

 

Митохондриальная ДНК есть и у мужчин, и у женщин.

 

Принцип такой: все дети одной матери имеют от нее одинаковые митохондриальные гены.

 

И мальчики, и девочки.

 

Но в следующем поколении эти гены своему потомству передадут только девочки.

 

У мальчиков тоже будет потомство, но у их детей будут гены их матери, то есть совершенно посторонней женщины.

 

 

 

 

Еще больше материалов по теме: «ПЕРЕВАЛ ДЯТЛОВА»

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Żródło: https://www.kp.ru/daily/26855/3897903/

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Semyon Zolotaryov second DNA results show a match, but can not exclude his brother Nikolai

In the Russian Center of Forensic Expertise of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation the analysis of the remains of the most mysterious participant of a fateful expedition has come to the end.

 

 

All rights belong to Komsomolskaya Pravda.
Photocorrespondent Alexey Bulatov
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The first test took place in May
In winter 1959 in the mountains of the Northern Urals, nine tourists disappeared under the leadership of Igor Dyatlov.
A month later the rescuers discovered their cut tent. And in a radius of one and a half kilometers from it - five frozen bodies.
The bodies of the rest were found only in May.
Almost all the tourists were stripped and half-dressed.
Some have fatal injuries.
It is still unclear why the hikers ran away into the freezing cold to their own death.
The oldest participant in the fatal expedition was the 37-year-old front-line soldier Semyon Zolotaryov.
We have written more than once about him, as well as why we decided to exhume his grave.
Let's just remind you that according to the memories of relatives, during his life Semyon didn't have on his body any tattoos that the forensic scientist discovered at the autopsy.
In addition, the face of the deceased on the pass, and designated as Semyon Zolotaryov, was unrecognizable.
Therefore, there are still doubts whether they buried him under the monument to Semyon Zolotaryov?
In addition, the burial place of Zolotaryov was not noted at all in the register of cemeteries in Yekaterinburg.
That is, according to the documents, he was not buried in this city.
This prompted Semyon's relatives to ask the "KP" to exhume and establish kinship with the help of DNA expertise.
Semyon Zolotaryov - the most mysterious member of Dyatlov group
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Semyon Zolotaryov - the most mysterious member of Dyatlov group
SURPISING RESULTS
The first test was conducted in May.
Geneticist Alexei Garkovenko aired the sensational results on Channel 1:
"Close relationship between the person buried in the grave and relatives of Semyon Zolotaryov is excluded".
We admit that results really took us by surprise.
We decided to conduct second analysis.
But this time not in a private laboratory, but at the Russian Forensic Medical Examination Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (RC SME).
The head of the research, Professor, Doctor of Biological Sciences, laureate of the State Prize of Russia, Pavel Ivanov, expert of the Russian Academy of Sciences, commented on the results.
It was he who more than 20 years ago developed and introduced into the expert practice the methodology of DNA research.
- Pavel Leonidovich, for the testing on Semyon Zolotaryov we use the radius bone and the time of the exhumation it passed several hands.
Could a foreign biological material transfer on it and interfere with the DNA testing of the bone?
- During the testing, the surface of the bone is removed, and it is unlikely that something has got inside.
This is improbable.
Everything is washed off, removed, and the material is taken from within.
The material is then ground using appropriate apparatus.
The result is thin bone powder.
This is done in order to increase the surface of the object for genetic testing, DNA.
We need as much material as we can possibly extract.
It's like coffee.
Coffee is grinded before brewing.
If you put whole grains in boiling water, you, of course, will get something there, but not enough.
Same thing here - the thinner the powder, the higher the yield of genetic material.
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Alleged grave of Semyon of Zolotaryov
There are a lot of subtleties.
For example, bone splitting should not heat up, otherwise the genetic material will begin to disintegrate.
It is already exposed to bacteria in the earth, all kinds of salts, solutions.
The bone received by the "Komsomolskaya Pravda" during the exhumation is a difficult object.
Therefore, we prepared eight samples from it to see the reproducibility of the result, its regularity.
How many times will the same combination be repeated.
Such analyzes are high technologies, they should be handled by qualified people.
And not the students (those who read a lot but learned the material superficially - Auth.), Who roughly represent what to compare, but do not know the laws of the genre.
They could misinterpret some fact.
- Did all eight samples produce usable results?
- Some did not work at all.
The biological material was destroyed.
But from two samples of the bone it was possible to obtain the same genotype.
And then he was compared to the genotype of Zolotaryov's relatives.
By the way, I saw the result of the first testing - there is very bad data.
That complex of features, which the expert described, did not reflect anything at all.
- Please explain.
- You have a color portrait.
And there is a television image of the same person with strong interference, as on an old TV set.
So the inexperienced specialist says:
"I see the face.
It has a vertical oval, a straight nose. "
And in the picture with a defect, he sees a crooked face, a curved nose, and on the side of the compression.
And concludes:
"Of course, these are different people".
But you need to understand: you can not make a comparison with these data, they are simply unsuitable for work.
Well, if the expert does not understand this, he will say:
"Yes, these are two different people."
The same thing happens with genetic traits.
They are localized in chromosomes and are manifested in a certain way.
The expert studies, as it were, their virtual image, which is set by technology.
But it is not enough to get this image, it is important to be able to work with it.
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Workers open the grave
I'm not saying that these experts deliberately try to deceive someone.
This, in my opinion, indicates that a person as a whole understands the process, but does not understand in details.
This is very often observed in forensics.
And because of this illiterate work, the investigation is crumbling.
Criminals remain at large or, conversely, innocent people go to prison.
So called experts, I think, you just need to sweep through with a broom.
But this is difficult.
PROBABILITY OF KINSHIP IS ALMOST 100 PERCENT
- Research on kinship is conducted on chromosomal LIKE.png(Y) DNA or on mitochondrial DNA*.
In our case, which one was done?
- Mitochondrial DNA.
The object itself is so bad that it is much more difficult to establish the chromosome sign in it than the mitochondrial ones, which are a thousand times larger in the cell.
- There is an opinion that the comparison on the mitochondrial basis is not entirely reliable.
- This is not entirely true.
Mitochondrial DNA, in contrast to chromosomal DNA, does not characterize the individual, but characterizes its genetic line, because it remains unchanged in a series of generations.
That is, the child will have exactly the same mitochondrial DNA as the mother.
The mother has exactly the same mitochondrial DNA as her mother.
But exactly the same DNA can also be found in an outsider.
For example, one for 10 thousand people.
- Does that mean they're related?
- No.
Let's say you have blood type II.
And the stranger from the street is the same.
Is he your relative?
No.
He is another person with the same characteristic.
- And in our case what are the chances of a stranger to have same characteristics?
- The conclusion says:
"The probability of kinship is 99.66-99.84 percent."
Approximately one person per ten thousand.
- Is that why you question the research on the method of mitochondrial DNA?
- This is the reason.
But these studies are still considered reliable, since it is difficult to assume that a man with the same DNA got into the grave with the name of of Semyon Zolotaryov.
In addition, in your case, maternal analysis is the only possible way.
After all, the relationship was established: uncle - nephews.
A study of chromosomal (nuclear) DNA allows you to establish kinship only at a very close genetic distance: parents and children, siblings.
The forensic expert is undertaking an examination
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The forensic expert is undertaking an examination
- There is a version that the brother of Semyon Zolotaryov - Nikolai could impersonate his brother.
- The genetic test performed will not give an answer.
They are siblings with the same structure of mitochondrial DNA.
- And if we had provided a sample of Semyon's son, could we say for sure that this is Semyon Zolotaryov?
- Yes.
But only if you can find a part with unbreakable chromosomal DNA of Semyon.
UNUSABLE RESULTS
- Why do the data of the second examination differ entirely from the first results?
- They could not get acceptable for analysis results, but gave out for acceptable what was unsuitable.
And got the wrong conclusion.
In other words, they processed one site, did not find any match in it, and stated that "there is no relationship".
But it was necessary to simply say:
"Unfortunately, there is no data on this person that we could compare".
And they correctly defined the DNA of a living person (niece).
And during the re-examination we compared the results obtained from the bone with the niece's already ready results.
And they made the opposite conclusion.
FROM THE AUTHORS
Bottom line the second examination, this time conducted by such an authoritative scholar as Pavel Ivanov, showed that the DNA of the person buried under the sign "Semyon Zolotaryov" matches the DNA of his niece.
But this fact does not exclude the version of other researchers suspected that under the name of Semyon his brother Nikolai could be buried, who, according to archival documents, worked with the Germans and disappeared without a trace during the war.
Therefore, we can not yet put a end on this investigation.
REFERENCE «KP»
What is chromosomal LIKE.png(Y) DNA and mitochondrial DNA?
*Chromosomal LIKE.png(Y) DNA is a strictly male line.
A comparison is possible only among men.
Women do not have this DNA.
Mitochondrial DNA exists in both men and women.
In principle: all children of the same mother have the same mitochondrial genes.
Both boys and girls.
But in the next generation these genes will be given to their offspring only by girls.
The boys will also have offspring, but their children will have the genes of their mother, that is, a completely extraneous woman.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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50th anniversary

 

Photos belong to Vladimir Borzenkov (WAB)

 

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01 Feb 2009. All members of conference in the central hall of UPI.

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Members of the search party Boris E. Slobtsov (left) and Michael P. Sharavin. In 1959 the two of them found Dytalov group tent.

 

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Yuri Yudin was present at conference.

 

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UPI building in the center of Yekaterinburg

 

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Member of the search party Vladislav G. Karelin, now PhD, Master of ski sports in USSR

 

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Members of the search party Anatoliy G. Mohov, now PhD, professor transport university and Yuri E. Yudin in UPI student's cafe as it was 50 years ago

 

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02 Feb 2009. Contemporaries and friends of the lost group lay flowers on their tombs.

 

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Rustem Slobodin tomb in 2009

 

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Zina Kolmogorova tomb in 2009

 

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Lyudmila Dubinina tomb in 2009

 

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Alexander Kolevatov tomb in 2009

 

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Nikolai Thibeaux-Brignolle tomb in 2009

 

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Igor Dyatlov tomb in 2009

 

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Yuri Yudin and the president Dyatlov group foundation - Yuri Kuntsevich

 

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Yuri Yudin's notes after he has read the criminal case in 1998

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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TIBO BROKEN WINGS - part 1

 

All rights belong to Maria Piskareva

Russian engineer.

 

Great-grandson of the French architect.

 

How amazing and interesting life is!
It takes you to people that you you never thought or even dreamt of meeting.
But the God reads our souls and sends us "a telegram".
So I had a meeting with Nikolai Thibault.
I really like him a lot, and probably more than anybody else from Dyatlov group.
But I did not know anything about him, Kolya's relatives never gave interviews, it even seemed to me that they were no longer alive, and the branch of the Thibeaux-Brignolle had long been broken.
Journalist Gennady Grigoriev, who for some time took part in the search for the young hikers and made a heart breaking account of the events in this cold and terrible winter of 1959, said memorable words that many can identify with, including me: "You became like my own dear children!"
Anna Matveeva was the pioneer, no matter how strange it may sound, she wrote a beautiful story about the the human aspect of that terrible tragedy.
One can help but shudder when reading the episode from the book, describing the call at her door late at night.
She looked through the peephole and saw the entire dead group standing in front of her door.
When she dared to open the door to them, there was already no one on the landing, only the pools of melted snow on the floor ...
A stunning scene.
I had a dream, in the very first days, when I learned about the tragedy of Igor Dyatlov's group, could not sleep for a long time, was under strong impression from what I had read.
I didn't really know anything yet, even confused their names until "the names, like wounds, left scars in my heart that won't heal" ...
I dreamed that same cedar, near which there was no one.
Events have already occurred.
It was twilight, I remember the feeling of longing and irreversible loss.
Cedar was everywhere scattered with needles and twigs from the spruce tree, the snow was tampered from the many people who had been there.
And a voice from somewhere above to the right told me: "Pay attention to Thibault."
Why Thibault?
I did not know and I still don't know till the day.
This is a mystery to me.
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"So that your youth is renewed like the eagle..." Psalm 103:5
A year later while in St. Petersburg, I went to my favorite place - the library.
And there, at the very entrance to the reading room, on an empty table lay three blue volumes of Roger Martin du Gara's The Thibaut Family.
I even shuddered - it was a sign!
And in these very days I receive a letter from Anna Yermolaeva, a relative of Nikolai Thibault.
My heart start beating in my chest, I was already waiting for some development related to Kolya.
Just did not know what it would be.
The letter was like news from Kolya from that distant past. So the Lord sent me an acquaintance with good, very interesting people - relatives of NicNikolai Thibeaux-Brignolle.
Anna wrote to me that she read our discussions with Gennady Ivanovich Kizilov in Samizdat and would like to support me in the situation of the conflict with G. Nikishina about a document I published related to the trek of the group.
It turns out that in 2007, Mrs. Nikishina via genealogy site tracked down Marina Evgenyevna Kazantseva and, from her words, recorded the history of the genus Thibeaux-Brignolle.
This condensed story is the result of Marina Evgenyevna's many years of searching for and studying archival documents about the Thibault family.
Unfortunately, the information shared with Mrs. Nikishina was published without mentioning Kolya family as a source, which caused some confusion.
In addition, there were some biographical inaccuracies in the publication.
I asked Anna and Marina Evgenyevna to give a short interview, to tell what they know about the Thibeaux-Brignolle family in Russia, what is known about Kolya, about his childhood and youth.
About his very short life, so tragically cut off on the slope of Mount Kholat Syakhl.
Anna and Marina Evgenyevna kindly agreed to answer my questions.
For which I am very grateful!
Thanks to them I learned so much new and interesting facts about that time.
And I have a new wonderful interlocutor on many topics - Anna Ermolaeva, second cousin of Nikolai Thibault, which acquaintance I cherish.
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Anna Ermolaeva, second cousin of Nikolai Thibeaux-Brignolle
Notations in the text: MEK - Marina Evgenyevna Kazantseva SEK - Sergey Evgenyevich Kazantsev, brother of Marina Evgenyevna AE - Anna Ermolaeva MP - Maria Piskareva
MP: Marina Evgenievna, please tell us what is your kinship with Nikolai, which branch of the family are you from?
MEK: For me, Nikolai Thibault is a cousin and uncle. Colin's father - Vladimir Iosifovich - and my own grandmother - Anna Iosifovna - are brother and sister.
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Anna Iosifovna Ivanova (Thibeaux-Brignolle), Kolya Thibault native aunt, in the apartment on Gorkogo Street, 7, Sverdlovsk, January 1927. Archive Kazantseva M.E.
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Kazantseva Olga Andreevna, Kolya Thibault cousin, daughter of Anna Iosifovna Ivanova (Thibeaux-Brignolle). Resort "Lake Gorkogo", July 1949. Archive Kazantseva M.E.
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Olga Andreevna Kazantseva, Kolya Thibault cousin, with her son Sergey 1969
MP: You know Muzafarova Elizaveta Iosifovna, who identified his things?
MEK: I know Elizaveta Iosifovna Muzafarova very well This is the sister of my grandmother Anna Iosifovna.
Iosifovich siblings were eight.
One child died as an infant, at the age of 31, Ekaterina Iosifovna died from consumption.
There are three sisters and three brothers left: Natalia, Elizaveta, Anna, Vladimir, Sergey, Dmitry.
Anna Iosifovna Thibeaux-Brignolle is my grandmother, her daughter Olga - Kolya's cousin, is my mother.
Anna Ermolaeva is my daughter.
MP: Thank you, Marina Evgenyevna!
Now that we have sorted out your relationship, please tell us about yourself how did you started reseraching the history of the Thibeaux-Brignolle genus in Russia?
MEK: I grew up in the Urals, in the city of Kamensk-Uralsky, but I got my education in Moscow and have lived here for a long time (I graduated from the Moscow Textile Institute with a degree in textile design).
My parents spent their entire lives in the Urals.
In the Soviet Union very few people knew the history of their ancestors, there was no access to the archives; they were discovered in 1990, but few knew how to search. There was not popular.
In 1989, German Vitalyevich Gasselblat, a retired major of militia, came to the Urals from the Leningrad, and began the process of rehabilitating the repressed people in the case of the Industrial Party (both his grandfather and Kolya Thibault's father were repressed in this case).
Having lived in Yekaterinburg for ten years, he taught many people how to conduct a genealogical search, inspired people to compile their pedigrees, in fact he created from scratch the genealogical movement in the Urals, was the inspiration for the creation of the Urals genealogical society.
G. V. Gasselblat held a conference in Sverdlovsk in memory of all Ural engineers who suffered from repression.
My mother, Olga Andreevna, after passing the school of Gasselblat, for ten years collected information in the Urals according to our Ural ancestors: mining engineers Denisov, Ivanov, Devi, Frese, Kulibin, Thibeaux-Brignolle.
According to the Thibeaux-Brignolle, traces led to Orel and Petersburg.
After the death of my mother in 2001, I met my mother's friends-genealogists in Sverdlovsk, with Hasselblatt in St. Petersburg.
He taught me how to search, drove through archives and libraries in St. Petersburg.
And now, since 2002 I have been engaged in archival searches in Orel, Petersburg, Moscow, Ekaterinburg, Bryansk, Anapa for the tenth year.
And my daughter Anna is in Paris, Nantes, Brignole, Petersburg.
Something is on the Internet.
I enter the Moscow Historical-Pedigree Society, made two reports on the Savyol Readings about our French ancestors.
In Yekaterinburg, the magazine Vesi published in 2009 (numbers 7-8) the article "Memories of the Ural Teacher" on the notes of my mother in 2001, under my editorship.
A book about our French ancestors will soon be ready for all the archival materials found.
MP: Tell us, please, about Kolya's ancestors, about the very machinist Thibault, who came to Russia and laid the foundation for a new Russian branch of Thibault's name, about Kolya's father, Vladimir Iosifovich, about his mother.
MEK: Kolya’s great-grandfather - Francois Thibault - came to Russia and settled in St. Petersburg at the very beginning of the XIX century.
It was a young Frenchman who knew Russian not very well, with a penchant for mechanics and inventiveness.
Francois married Theresa Holmers, who came to Russia from Holstein with her parents.
He managed to make a career in Russia.
He did not return to France.
According to archival data, first Francois Thibault worked in the Directorate of the Imperial Theaters of St. Petersburg as a carpenter, then as a theatrical machinist, a mechanic.
For ten years, from 1829 to 1839, he served as the chief machinist-mechanic of the Directorate of the St. Petersburg Imperial Theaters.
Great-grandfather Kolya - academician of architecture Iosif Franzevich Thibeaux-Brignolle, city architect of the city of Orla.
There are still preserved buildings built on his projects.
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The city of Orel. Ul. Gurtieva, house 8., built by the project of great-grandfather Kolya, I. F. Thibeaux-Brignolle
Stone house made of rubble stone, built in 1861-62, for Colonel AM Osipov.
The initial project is Thibeaux-Brignolle.
Later the architect Morozov attached a portico.
Now here there is a hospital of the Internal Affairs Directorate of the Orel region.
At the same time, Kolya's grandfather, the mountain engineer Joseph Thibeaux-Brignolle, moved to the Urals.
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Iosif Iosifovich Thibeaux-Brignolle is Kolya's grandfather. Here he is 46 years old. Ekaterinburg, 1897. Inscription on the back: "To the esteemed colleague Alexei Illarionovich Ignatiev from the loving Joseph Thibeaux-Brignolle, 1897, September 21". Archive Kazantseva M.E.
Kolya's mother, Anastasia Prokhorovna Bautina, was born in the South Urals to the family of the blacksmith Bautin Prokhor Yakovlevich, who worked all his life at the Petropavlovsk Zlatoustsky Uyezd Plant.
Anastasia Prohorovna received higher education, graduating in 1942 from the Central Moscow Distance Learning Course in St. Petersburg.
Anastasia Prohorovna, a teacher by vocation, taught German. She worked in primary school, then in secondary school for 30 years.
Kolya's father, Vladimir Iosifovich Thibeaux-Brignolle, was a mining engineer.
In his student years, Vladimir Iosifovich took part in student unrest, was under arrest, hunger striker, was deported to Vologda province, and then - outside Russia.
As a result, he received a diploma of mining engineer at the Mining Academy in Freiberg, Germany.
Returning to Russia, Vladimir Iosifovich served as a mining engineer, participated in the restoration of mountain mines destroyed during the First World War and the Civil War.
There are documents where employees of the restored enterprises thank him, a lot of good is written.
Vladimir Iosifovich participated in the creation of the project "Magnitogorsk" - the largest metallurgical enterprise in Europe at that time.
Grandfather G.V. Gasselblat was the director.
The builders of "Magnitogorsk" were subjected to repression in the early 30s.
In January 1931, Vladimir Iosifovich was arrested and sent to SIBLAG (Novosibirsk).
At this time in Sverdlovsk, his wife and two children were evicted from their own cooperative apartment.
Fortunately, they were sheltered by a former subordinate of Vladimir Iosifovich, a technician Leonid Kataev. Leonid's wife's name was Augusta Dmitrievna, and her daughter was Marousia (Maria).
These people are very risky, helping the family “the enemy of the people”.
When the development of Prokopyevsky and Osinovsky mines began in Siberia, Vladimir Iosifovich was transferred to the Osinovsky mine and worked there in the mine together with other prisoners.
A year later, in June 1933, he was reincarnated and transferred to the position of chief of the technical department in the mining area of the mine.
His wife and son Volodya were allowed to come to him and live in the village of Osinniki.
And Elizabeth's daughter was already 17 years old, and she worked in Sverdlovsk.
July 5, 1935 in Osinniki son Kolya was born.
However, in 1937 repression intensified.
In 1938, Vladimir Iosifovich was sent to the deep taiga, to Gornaya Shoriya for heavy work - the construction of an iron ore deposit.
His wife and children stayed in Osinniki and waited for the end of his ten-year term.
In January 1941, Vladimir Iosifovich returned to Osinovsky mine and got a job, already as a civilian, as a projector of the Molotovugol Trust.
In August 1942, he was sent to Tashkent.
However, he was never recruited anywhere, although he traveled to the mines seven times.
He did not have the funds for further travel and for life.
The wife sent the money back.
He returned to the Kuzbass, to his family.
After all the trials, losses and humiliations, his strength was undermined.
He fell ill and died in the hospital in September 1943.
He was 57 years old.
Vladimir Iosifovich Thibeaux-Brignolle was fully rehabilitated by the Decree of 11.04.91.
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Vladimir Iosifovich Thibeaux-Brignolle. Photo on the day of the arrest on January 7, 1931. From the personal file of the NKVD was received by his daughter E. V. Thibeaux-Brignolle
MP: How all this is sad and typical for Stalin's time.
On the example of the tragedy of one person, one family, one can draw analogies with the millions of families affected by the communist regime.
Anna, please tell me, and did Kolya's mom go to the camp?
Recently in one of the forums in thread about Kolya's biography someone claimed that he was born in a camp.
MEK: This is not true. Only Kolya's father, Vladimir Iosifovich, was sent to a camp.
His wife and children lived in Sverdlovsk, and then - in Osinniki.
MP: You said that G. Nikishina made a number of inaccuracies when she published information about Kolya's family on the Internet.
What are they?
I would like to understand and correct these mistakes.
MEK: She wrote about the French ancestor of Kolya, that "the theatrical machinist Thibeaux-Brignolle came to Russia."
In fact, a person who came to Russia was called François Thibeaux, the prefix "Brignolle" will appear much later, from his sons.
Another inaccuracy about the biography of Kolya's father: "Vladimir Thibeaux-Brignolle chose his father's profession for himself, entered the St. Petersburg Mining Institute."
In fact, Vladimir chose another institute and another profession: the St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute, the shipbuilding department.
But after his expulsion from Russia for participation in student movements, he was educated at the Higher Academy in Freiberg, Germany.
MP: As I understood, the Brignolle prefix means a city in France?
When was it addet to the name of Thibault?
AE: Maya, the question is interesting because the researcg on the matter was done by no other but Kolya's father himself, Vladimir Iosifovich.
In the last years of his mother's life, he recorded her memories of the family's history.
We know that the prefix "Brignolle" added to the "Thibault", which created a unique family name belonging to only one family, appeared in the children of the machinist Thibault, and not all.
The first documentary evidence is from 1839.
There are many spellings of the name Thibault in French (Thibeaux, Thibeault, Thibault, etc.), but in Russian they are all pronounced and written in the same way.
At that time in Petersburg there were other Frenchmen named Thibault, although with another French writing, including a well-known sculptor.
The desire was natural for the sons of our machinist, who actively pursued a career in Russia, to change their surname so that they would not be confused with other Frenchmen.
It would be logical if the choice of the prefix "Brignolle" was explained by the origin of the machinist Thibault.
According to the written memoirs of my grandmother Kolya, the first Thibault came from the French town of Brignolles. However, Vladimir Iosifovich's hand made a remark "is doubtful."
It is possible that, living in Europe in the early XX century, Vladimir Iosifovich checked the Brignolle archive and did not find any traces of his ancestor.
This year I worked in the archives of the French Foreign Ministry in Paris, Nantes, and found a number of documents where the birthplace of François Thibault was also indicated by the city of Brignolles.
It is a small picturesque town in the south of France, in Provence, with a population of about 15 thousand inhabitants.
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The town of Brignolle in France, Provence. Caramy Square, June 2012
I was there twice, I checked the church book of records of births, deaths, marriages, but did not find our Thibault there.
This is almost a detective story: in documents (I found a file in the archives of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs about marriage and children of F. Thibault), he indicated that he was from Brignolle.
But in Brignolle there are no records in church books about him!
I have ideas for new searches, but so far the birthplace of F. Thibault and the reason for choosing Brignolle as the second part of the family name is a mystery.
MP: Anna, don't you think Kolya's date of birth published on the web is wrong - June 5.
The same date stands on the grave pedestal, in the cemetery where Kolya and his comrades are buried.
You mentioned another date of birth - July 5.
I looked at all the known archival documents published on the Internet by the Memory of Dyatlov group Foundation and found out that the questionnaire, where the wrong date of birth was written - June 5 - and there on his date automatically moved to the grave plate, was filled not by Kolya himself, but by the Human Resources Officer, it is evident from the handwriting that it was a woman.
And in one of the documents it is noticeable that the personnel officer wrote the letter "l" as the letter "n".
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Recording by the hand of the personnel officer. Date of birth: June 5
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Handwritten by a personnel officer. Not clear it it is "n" or "l".
Kolya himself clearly wrote by hand in his autobiography that he was born on July 5th.
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And here the month of July is marked with Roman numerals, no mistake in the letter here!
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AE: Maya, yes, we are sure that the correct date is July 5, as it was written by Kolya's hand, while other papers were filled by the clerk and made a mistake.
MP: Some researchers wonder why the family did not require a correction of the date, at least on the monument?
MEK: His birthday was known only to his mother and sister - my aunt Lyusya.
But Kolya's grave was in Sverdlovsk, and they lived far away, in Kemerovo.
His mother was a sick woman, exhausted by adversity.
She could not physically come to Sverdlovsk and never saw Kolya's grave.
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Letter from A. P. Thibeaux-Brignolle, Nikolai's mother, to relatives of Rustem Slobodin
Only Kolya's elder sister came to Sverdlovsk, for a short while, since she worked at the plant and was very disciplined.
For sure, his sister gave the correct information for the grave, but it was transferred with a discrepancy, clerk error, and the sister could not sit and wait, she was due to get back to her work.
The rest of the relatives did not know Kolya's date of birth.
All were scattered in different cities, all his cousins were much older than him.
One sister in Kharkov (Elizaveta Iosifovna's eldest daughter) never met him at all, she married and left Sverdlovsk before Kolya arrived from Kemerovo.
But the main reason was that for all relatives, the death of Kolya was a terrible, very painful tragedy.
In the light of this pain, the meticulous immediacy to find out why he died, when exactly, and where exactly, was only for outsiders.
And even more to clarify his birthday.
After all, he was born, then to die so monstrously!
The date of birth is important to celebrate, for example, the 90th anniversary of the now-living person.
If someone had commented on Kolya's grave that there was a mistake in the date of his birth, others could have reprimanded him: "Don't you think about that now!"
AE: I was interested in Kolya's date of birth for another reason - this summer I found new information in the archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs about one of the grandsons and great-grandsons of the machinist Thibault.
Judging by the registers of the French Embassy, they were still living in St. Petersburg in 1910, keeping the simple name "Tibo", and not accepting Russian citizenship.
Second cousin Kolya, Michel Thibault, went to Paris from Petersburg in 1913 and joined the French army (then in France was compulsory military service), he was 20 years old.
The day and month of his birth is only one day different from Kolya's birthday - July 4 (1893).
On the website of the Ministry of Defense of France, you can find a scanned document issued by a military court confirming the death of Michel Thibault "for France" in 1918, near Verdun.
He was 24 years old.
Kolya was killed at 23.
In the register of the French embassy, Michel's profession is written as 'dessinateur', which can be translated as an artist, draftsman, draftsman.
About Kolya is known for various memories that he "skillfully drew crocks" - a conventional drawing of the route with the image of the forest, mountains, rivers.
I just made another discovery about the Thibault family, on the French genealogy website.
There was a document about another second cousin Uncle Kolya, Constantine Thibault, Michel's brother.
He is listed on the list of French prisoners of war in 1916-1917, died in a hospital in Germany in 1917.
So the two brothers, Kolya's relatives, having lived all their lives in Petersburg, perished in the First World War, fighting for France ...
MP: Yes, interesting coincidences ... as in the family, the events of the life of relatives repeat the events in half a century ...
And how did Kolya find himself in Kemerovo?
AE: His sister Lisa (in the family she was called Lusya) graduated from UPI, got married, received a referral to the Kemerovo Coke and Gas Plant in July 1941.
Lisa's husband, as well as Nikolai's older brother, Volodya, died at the front (Vladimir Thibeaux-Brignolle has a record that at the end of 1943, when his military unit was approaching, he was fatally wounded in the head and died on December 4, 1943 in a military hospital number 8225).
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Vladimir Vladimirovich Thibeaux-Brignolle, the elder brother of Kolya Thibault, who died in the war in 1943, the archive of Kazantseva M.E.
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Lisa invited her mother and Kolya, who stayed after her father's death in Osinniki, to Kemerovo.
Kolya in 1943 was only 8 years old.
Liza's daughter Katya grew up in 1942, who was only 7 years younger than Kolya, her uncle.
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Kemerovo, December 31, 1964. Meeting of the New 1965 At the table - Elizaveta Vladimirovna Thibeaux-Brignolle, elder sister of Kolya Thibault; Anastasia Prokhorovna Thibeaux-Brignolle, the mother of Kolya Thibault; Katya is the daughter of Elizaveta Vladimirovna, niece of Kolya Thibault. Archive Kazantseva M.E.
MP: And what about them now?
Where are they?
AE: Kolya's sister - Elizaveta Vladimirovna - died in 2001 in Kemerovo.
Unfortunately, her daughter, Kolya's niece, is no longer alive too.
MP: Tell me, please, are there any memories, how did Kolya treat his father in the camps as an "enemy of the people"?
SEK: Kolya was cautious enough and did not chat about anything.
He hid that his father was arrested as an enemy of the people.
In case of questions about Kolya's unusual surname, he invented a legend about the French communist.
MP: I met the legend of the son of a French communist on the Internet, but did not know that Kolya himself had invented it to avoid unnecessary questions about where his father was and what he was doing.
Well done!
AE: We have a record of a short story about teh family of Kolya's sister, Elizaveta Vladimirovna:
"It should be noted that, despite all the difficulties and hardships, Vladimir Iosifovich's family was always dominated by friendly relations between all members of the family, mutual support and exceptional diligence."
Work was the foundation of our well-being and relationships - living in Siberia, we, the children, learned to grow vegetables, take care of animals, store food for them, etc.
Our mother taught us all this with a kind smile and great patience.
While living a primitive peasant life, we read a lot and tried to get education, mother in We were happy to help us.
The life of my parents could be called HEROIC.
E. Thibeaux-Brignolle. November 20, 1988 "(from the archive of G.V. Gasselblat)
MP: Alexei Rakitin asked me to ask my relatives if Nikolai showed any disagreement with the policy of Stalin, Khrushchev or the CPSU in general.
Did he sing songs (couplets, ditties) satirical content, whether he told jokes of a similar theme?
SEK: Kolya could make critical remarks, ironically on the policy of Stalin, Khrushchev.
Before Khrushchev came to power, there was a very strict time. Under Khrushchev, such rigor was no longer there.
In the campaigns I could sing songs and ditties of satirical content.
He came to us in Kamensk-Uralsky only once, in the beginning of 1956.
In our house he did not sing then.
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The family of Vladimir Iosifovich in the south (Crimea?), October 1929. On the stone sit: Volodya, Lisa. In a white dress, Anastasia Prohorovna Thibeaux-Brignolle, Vladimir Iosifovich Thibeaux-Brignolle is in the sand. From the archives of M.E. Kazantseva
MP: And how did the life of the rest of Thibeaux-Brignolle - brothers and sisters of Kolya's father?
AE: I will quote facts from the memories of my grandmother published in the Urals magazine Vesi:
Anna Iosifovna and her husband were arrested in 1937 both in the same night.
He was soon shot as an "agent of foreign intelligence services" (the family did not know about it, then it was called "10 years without the right of correspondence").
She was arrested for "failure to report", spent 10 years in the camp.
There are memories that Kolya's father shared the views of another repressed relative expressed during the interrogation: he did not accept the revolution because of her cruelty and believed that Russia's future lies in its connection with Western countries.
Kolya's uncle - Sergey Iosifovich Thibeaux-Brignolle - was very religious, served as a sapper in the army of Kolchak.
He fell ill with typhus, was captured red, then drafted into the Red Army.
He died in 1931.
The other uncle - Dmitry Iosifovich - was talented, well-drawn, wrote poetry.
During the Civil War he was an officer in the White Army, he hated Soviet power.
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Dmitry Iosifovich Thibeaux-Brignolle on the day of his arrest, October 1939, Sverdlovsk
MEK: Here he is 46 years old.
This photo my mother accidentally saw in the journalist Svetlana Dobrynina, who wrote an article about Dmitry Iosifovich "The soul is free even before death" in 1994.
Dmitry Iosifovich was shot in 1941.
MP: It seems to me that Kolya's personality in the light of the destinies of his relatives is acquired by a whiteguard halo, which gives a peculiar romantic character to his image.
"White is a threat to blackness," wrote Marina Tsvetaeva.
This I like more than modern, how to say it softer, exotic versions, arising from the unusual French name Thibault Brignoles.
I do not mean the version in which Kolya and Semyon act as distributors of drugs in the group, but I'm talking about the version recently published by the Dyatlov Memorial Foundation - about Kolya as an adventurer hunting for the Golden Woman.
And precisely because he was a French citizen, according to this version, they kill the whole group.
AE: Mum has long found archival documents that our ancestors were forced to transfer to Russian citizenship in the 50s of the XIX century because of the Russian-Turkish war, when France was against Russia, that is, 100 years before Kolya's expedition!
Only one of the sons of the machinist Thibault quickly regained French citizenship, and his descendants retained French citizenship in the 20th century.
MP: Anna, please tell me, how did you personally perceive this news when you realized that you are a relative of the same Nikolai Thibeaux-Brignolle?
What feelings did you experience, and do you feel now?
AE: About this topic, I learned gradually, first - more than 10 years ago - from my mother that our relative was in a group of tourists who died in 1959, but knew about it without terrible details.
Then I read the books of A. Matveeva and L. Gushchina, I read the materials on the Internet.
I'm very sorry for all the guys, it's hard to think about what has not come true for them, about the misfortune of their families.
They would have known that many years later many people would analyze their participation in this campaign, read diaries, and think about them.
There is something unclosed in this story, maybe that's why it attracts many.
MP: Rather undisclosed or hidden ...
And what is the family version of the tragedy that happened?
Your personal thoughts and comments about inconsistencies in the investigation?
Do you agree with the conclusions of the physical and technical expertise that the tourists themselves cut the tent?
I, for one, do not agree.
Purely for psychological reasons, the guys could not so casually and so carelessly cut in in essence destroy their house - a tent, which they carefully stored and repaired in all campaigns, at every free moment.
I recall analogies with extreme cases in other expeditions.
When there was a fire in the tent because of the stove, even in those cases the stove itself was almost thrown out with bare hands.
But nobody was going to cut the tent. If you look at the photo of the tent, it's all torn to shreds.
Like someone crazy was trashing it.
And it is not likely that the cuts were made the ice ax of the searchers from Slobtsov group, although they take the blame on themselves.
This is in vain.
I personally think that the tent was cut by strangers.
Examination of the tent was made formally and superficially, as everything else in this unfortunate case.
Expert G. Churkina years later admitted that the examination could have found out more information on the cuts, but this was not her task at hand.
From the words of the criminalist, we can speculate that the incisions were made at a different time, and the time could not have coincided with the official time of the tragedy, pinpointed by the investigation.
MEK: There was no definite version in the family.
I remember conversations about strong radioactivity, that tourists behaved as if blinded, that the clothes of some were on others.
That the authorities urged their parents to bury the tourists in Ivdel.
That the military showed great activity, as if covering something only known to them.
MP: It seems to me that the the person from the district committee who sent the relatives of Dyatlov group to get military pension, was very cunning.
Military - a concept that includes the Armed Forces of the USSR, as well as servicemen of the Internal Troops of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs.
And by simple words, the guards of Ivdellag.
But many people, when analyzing these words, think of rockets and fireballs, since the military are associated with these types of weapons.
MEK: I think that none of the tourists would cut the tent.
An enemy cut it from the inside, sitting in the tent, observing the slope.
And the tourists watched the tent from the cedar, making an "opening".
So they looked from afar to each other.
And what happened before - something monstrous, which none of them could foresee.
By the way, even in 1959 there was no talk about an avalanche.
It was said that they were running, holding hands, as if they couldn't see.
СЕК: What was the version then?
Test weapons.
Why?
Because the tourists were burned, poisoned. Judging by their actions - they were blinded.
They scattered, there were not all in one place.
There was a moment of insanity.
It can be from poisoning, and from cold.
Night in the woods, in the dark.
Slowly moving, very poorly thinking.
They took hold of branches, coudln't see two steps ahead.
Many involved in the search, (and maybe relatives of the tourists) signed non-disclosure.
MP: Did Kolya know Semyon Zolotaryov before this trek?
СЕК: We don't think so.
Semyon joined the group unexpectedly for everyone.
It can not be ruled out that it was incerted to monitor the tourists.
If Kolya suspected that Semyon Zolotaryov cooperated with the KGB, then I think is very probable that there would be some kinf of dislike between Kolya and Zolotaryov, because one suffered from the KGB, and the other was working with them.
Perhaps S. Zolotaryov was in the group to observe the tourists, so they don't escape abroad.
This trip is a good reason to go to the border and get away.
At that time, in tourist trips abroad, they always introduced a cheerful open person with this purpose in mind: to watch that they did not run away.
MP: Yes, there was such a directive to search parties in the party committee: to collect information that the unidentified part of the group (the last four bodies in the ravine) could not have been escaped abroad.
This information is confirmed by E. Zinoviev, V. M. Askinadzi, and Y. E. Yudin.
But in my opinion Semyon Alexeevich (I think M.P. means Alexandrovich - ed. note) had another task in that expedition, much more complicated and responsible than watching the Komsomol members, so that they don't abscond.
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Photo from the last trek: Kolya and Semyon Zolotaryov
MEK: About Kolya's hat in this photo: it must have been a warm hat, because when Zolotaryov put his beret on him, Kolya was clearly cold, his shoulders raised to his ears.
MP: Please tell me which version seems the most convincing to you?
AE: The most interesting for me are two works on this topic: the analysis of documents, testimony made by Gennady Ivanovich Kizilov, as well as the essay by Alexei Rakitin (very interesting is the analysis of photo films, biographies of the participants in the trek, analysis of contradictory facts).
The spy topic at first glance seems fantastic, but for that time it is likely.
To come to the conclusions made by G.I. Kizilov, you need to be free from stereotypes of thinking.
Usually they were looking for an answer within the framework of how everything was shown in the criminal case, he went beyond that.
With great interest I read the articles of the esteemed G.I. Kizilov on this topic.
I read your articles, Maya: an interview with V. Askinadzi, V. Androsov and other publications.
For several years I have been browsing through articles and forums on the Internet about this topic, I thought that everything that can be done, already found, discussed, studied, and you are well done, found "gaps" and successfully work!
I like to read your discussions with Gennady Ivanovich.
MP: Thank you, Anna!
Gennady Ivanovich Kizilov was not criticized only by the laziest, who did not read his account of the events.
But you are right, Kizilov blasted this long-lasting lie, questioning the materials of the copy of the Criminal case that was widely available on the Internet.
The topic that Alexei Rakitin reveals is certainly very interesting.
And most importantly, he has an evidence base.
And recently in the "Komsomolskaya Pravda" journalists N. Varsegov and Natalia Ko, who wrote a series of reports about the tragedy, mentioned the caught spy radio operator from Saranpaul.
The neighborhoods of Ivdellag are places of concentration of many former policemen and others, really enemies of the Soviet power, and not only foes, fictitious by Stalin's investigators, who stayed and remained in those places.
But let's leave all these spies and conspirators in peace, it's better to talk about ours, about women's - about love.
Did Kolya have a girlfriend?
He is such a charismatic youth that I think many girls were probably in love with him, and he probably did not bypass them either.
If I lived in that time and place, I would definitely fall in love with Kolya.
MEK: There was no mentioning in the family about Kolya having a girlfriend.
The best friend was not mentioned either.
Hikes are a special condition when the whole group is friendly, not breaking up into pairs.
MP: Yudin said that they still had their sympathies and attachments in the expeditions.
Probably Kolya liked Lyuda.
She generally singled out these guys - Kolya, Yura Krivonischenko, Rustik Slobodin, who graduated from the institute and were working already.
"Rustik and Kolya talked a little about everything, about work, etc. In general, I like these guys: the big difference between them is Rustik, Ko, Yura and us who graduated from the institute.
Still their judgments are the most mature and smarter than ours.
Lord, I do not even talk about my own. "
Look, Lyuda here calls Kolya a somewhat intimate "Ko".
I generally get the impression that Lyuda is not aware of her own affection for Kolya that has began to appear in this expedition.
She wrote about him in a diary, and made fun of them in that satirical flyer, called professors and associate professors of love sciences, "love will accidentally come", everything could happen after the trek, but something else happened, irreparable and terrible, they were found in a ravine with terrible injuries, and they were together.
AE: Honestly, I don't adhere to this conclusion. It was interesting for Lyuda to communicate with older hikers, among whom was Kolya.
I was convinced by the analysis of Rakitin's films, from which it can be concluded that Kolya did not fancy any of the girls in the group.
MP: In his memoirs on the hikers, E. Zinoviev recounts: "Kolya was very popular in student quarters and was sometimes given rare and forbidden books rare for the time."
He generously presented us, newly acquired and trusted friends, the opportunity for one or two nights to get acquainted with the next book finding.
So suddenly in our quarter room appeared the pre-revolutionary edition of Muller's book "Sexuality".
Thus in the UPI dormitory number 5 was closed a gap in the sexual education of students ..." I tried to find information about this book they were reading.
And I discovered that the book under this name was of another author - Fogel. By Y. Muller, the scientist and physiologist, who was unusually popular at the beginning of the last century, laying the foundations of physiology and histology, were the editions "The Sexual Life of Man" in 3 volumes by Muller, translated by I.G. Ashkinazi, St. Petersburg, 1909 and "Sexual morals and mancipation of women" scientific-popular essay, with an annex by A. A. Forel "Sexuality and medicine", Moscow, 1911. I wonder which of these books were they reading, about the sexual liberation of women or about the sexual question of man ...
AE: Yes, by the way, Kolya was named professor of love science - probably because of these books.
MP: Undoubtedly!
Continuing the idea of the relationship between Lyuda and Kolya, we can not ignore the diaries.
Here is their dispute over sewing a tent in that famous diary - an obvious forgery.
I personally do not believe this record.
I'd rather fantasize about the love affection between Kolya and Lyuda than I would believe investigator Ivanov, who wrote that Lyuda's jacket was on Semyon Zolotaryov, and her green hat was on Kolya which means in general that they stripped the girl.
I admit, for example, I thought that Kolya did not like to keep diaries.
In one of the versions of the group's general diary I see: Kolya's entry: "I can not, although I tried" - on January 26.
And then in the diary there are no records on behalf of Kolya.
It's a bit strange to say that the group diary has versions...
This is nonsense.
There can not be several versions of the group's general diary.
There must be one single diary of the group from that very trek.
But the reality on Internet were published several versions of the group's diary.
There should be a way to clarify which one is the real one. In the famous issue of "The Ural Pathfinder" magazine for January 2009, very different entries were published from the general diary of the group, which for a long time is well known to all, and a copy of which is available in the Criminal case.
I asked the Foundation, where did these records come from?
Who submitted them for publication?
What source did you use?
They pointed to V.G. Yakimenko. "I must know Yakimenko, as the issuing editor of that number."
I wrote him a letter, but I did not get an answer.
The Foundation's answer shed some light om the situation: "Gushtin's book does not have the same diary as in the criminal case.
In the diary of the last expedition the text has two notes in brackets "from A.G.", probably Anatoliy Gushtin.
In the magazine and in his book (1999 and 2009 editions) texts of diaries coincide.
So the source appears to be Gushtin".
Where did Gushtin see this diary, one can only assume that in the Criminal case, but not the copy that is now handed out and replicated everywhere, but in the original.
AE: Having looked through the diaries, I began to compile a table, comparing the facts from different diaries by dates, then thought about the sources.
In Zina's scanned diary there is nothing about the dispute about sewing the tent.
As for the two options - who argued about sewing the tent - it's strange that different people argue in different versions, that is, both people could not have written both versions (he could not mix up Lyuda and Kolevatov), but used almost identical phrases - "took up needle - took a needle", "the weather smiles at us, " the sun is playing "...
And then, in a diary, (falsely) attributed to Zina, it was explained that on 30.01 they were on duty again Tibo and Kolevatov, for a slow gathering the day before.
It also says that Kolya took a needle and then: "we mended holes, there were so many of them, that there was enough work for everyone, except for two people on duty and Lyuda."
The guys are terribly outraged ." - it's a little strange that it says "with the exception of two on duty and Lyuda" - if it was already said that Kolya was on duty and also sewed up the tent!
It is either a mistake made while typing the originals, or traces of falsifications, which is consistent with the opinion of Gennady Ivanovich Kizilov.
And I also noticed the comments about the fire - in one diary it was said that "it took up a long time for the people on duty to start a fire in the morning".
And in the general group diary - the entry for 30.01 it says that in the evening "as always, we quickly build a bonfire and put the tent on the spruce".
MP: Anna, that's just the point, that there are many inconsistencies with these diaries.
In the recently published notebooks of journalist Grigoriev, we can see which Zina's diary he copied into his notebook.
There is nothing about outrage against Lyuda.
It can be assumed that in the Criminal case there was another diary of one of the members of Dytalov group.
I can be mistaken, but my opinion is that the "wrong" diary was specially launched - where Lyuda argues with Kolya about who of them to sew up the tent.
They argued till the whole group stand against her.
She was offended and went into the tent.
And she was not even given a piece of tangerine.
And this can not be purely psychological, from the female point of view.
Lyuda admired Kolya in his notebook, his mind, and probably wanted that they, too, older guys, also noticed and respected her.
And so she never goes to argue with the man whose mind she admired, about who should take up the needle, her or him.
Of course, the woman first will take the needle without any controversy and will take up sewing.
In the case of Lyuda, "Kolya took a needle".
He acted as a Gentleman, even in this diary.
And the rest of the guys are represented in this record not in their best - feast - they share the tangerine without leaving a piece for Lyuda.
Really guys could do that to a girl?
In our group in kontakte.ru "I. Dyatlov's group Pass", we even conducted a small survey on the topic, who from the group shared his piece of tangerine with Lyuda?
An equal number of votes came for "Nobody" and "Semyon Zolotaryov". "Kolya" follows right after.
An opinion was expressed that "somebody might not have eaten, but brought his own share of Dubinina, secretly, Zolotaryov, for example, or Thibeaux-Brignolle, or Kolevatov", the birthday boy ...
"The Ural Pathfinder" magazine published exactly the version of Kolya's dispute with Sasha Kolevatov, it is said that on January 30 they were on duty, which means that the people on duty participated in the sewing of the tent.
Therefore, it seems to me that the dispute between Kolya and Sasha Kolevatov is more plausible than a dispute between Lyuda and Kolya.
And then, the dispute is not a dispute, rather comic wrangling Kolya, they say, you are a rookie, student, go sew and do not argue with the senior in rank. Kolya argues, but, apparently, he can't get ahead of Kolevatov.
So Kolya simply takes a needle and sits down sewing.
It is indicative even for both diaries that the group was not so cloudless and friendly, as the former students participating in the search are trying to convince us.
I want to note that Kolya was very clean and neat.
Even in the general diary it is indicated that after a long traverse he first changed into dry and clean clothes.
And only then he agreed to sew up the tent.
I was personally amazed that he had 10 pairs of clean socks on this trek and many handkerchiefs, even more than the girls ...
Generally, the diaries of Dyatlov group are a bottomless topic for discussion.
AE: I, too, when I read the fragment with a tangerine, thought that it was cruel to deprive Lyuda of a piece, of course, if you believe the diary, but was it really so?
According to Y. Yudin's memoirs, Kolya was an attentive fellow: "This is such a wonderful comrade and friend, he has such a fate, from a repressed family, but he was so attentive in expeditions."
When I went on a weekend trip for the first time, I haven't even had a backpack in my life, he was older than me, he took care of the people, he will fix it, he will straighten it, everything else, he will talk to you, well, he was an amazing friend".
MP: You showed me pictures of Kolya student years, sent to your family by Galina Kryachko.
I thought, maybe she was friends with Kolya, if she had so many photos of him?
MEK: I met with Galina Ivanovna Kryachko at a meeting of the Urals Genealogical Society.
In 2003, Gasselblat inspired me to make a report on my archival searches for the conference in Sverdlovsk.
After the report, they approached me with questions.
Galina Ivanovna came up too.
She said that in 1959 she was a young girl, worked as a laboratory assistant in UPI and remembers what horror it was when the tourists died.
She proposed to take me to the cemetery, to the graves of the tourists.
Then she sent me books in Moscow by A. Matveeva "Dyatlov Pass" and another by A. Gushtin "The price of the state - 9 lives".
She also sent several pictures of Kolya.
They were given to her by Kolya's friends.
I gave them to the photo center, where they made copies, retouched.
MP: I thought that Galina Hamova, whom was mentioned in the Criminal case as the person identifying the hikers belongings, could be the same Galina Kryachko.
But then I noticed that their middle names are different.
It's a pity that this lead was lost.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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TIBO BROKEN WINGS - part 2

 

All rights belong to Maria Piskareva
Continuation from Part 1 →
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Kolya Thibault at the sign dividing Europe and Asia (no date). Archive Kazantseva M.E. (photo received from Galina Ivanovna Kryachko, Yekaterinburg)
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Tourists on a trek. Summer of 1958, Altay. Kolya Thibault - 1st on the left. Archive Kazantseva M. E. (Photo received from Galina Ivanovna Kryachko, Yekaterinburg)
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Village of Tyomnoe on Serebryanoy river. An uninhabited barrack. 16-17 February 1958 Kolya Thibault - 1st on the right. Archive Kazantseva M.E. (photo received from Galina Ivanovna Kryachko, Yekaterinburg)
MP: What are your personal thoughts when you look at these hiking photos, where the guys are cheerful and fooling around?
Did they have a drink?
Do you think if they had alcohol with someone else?
AE: Regarding the alcohol ...
I would trust the opinion of people who went to winter hikes at that time, it was customary to take alcohol, or not.
As for the photo, it seems to me that this is just a posing to make the pictures more interesting and unusual, a reflection of a cheerful nature and perhaps some inclination towards showing off in Nikolai's case (as noted in the essay by A. Rakitin).
It reminds me of the photos that modern people put on social networks.
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Fooling around in one of the hikes
MP: Was there anyone from your family at the Kolya's funeral?
Are there any photos from the funeral?
What memories of the funeral are preserved in the family?
MEK: My grandmother Anna Iosifovna, her daughter Olga - my mother, with her husband and two children - we all lived not in Sverdlovsk, but in Kamensk-Uralsky, this is a town 150 km from Sverdlovsk.
I can not say if there was someone from our family at the funeral.
We do not have a photo from the funeral.
And I do not have memories of the funeral.
I was then 7 years old, and I was guarded from such terrible impressions.
We have a photo of Elizaveta Iosifovna at Kolya's grave.
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Elizaveta Iosifovna Muzafarova (Thibeaux-Brignolle), Kolya's native aunt , at Kolya's tombstone. Sverdlovsk, the early 60s of the twentieth century. Archive M.E. Kazantseva
MP: Very interesting photo.
It can be seen that the monument was different, the photo on the obelisk is different.
And the grave itself in relation to the landmark - the roof of the house on that side of the street - is to the right of the house.
Gennady Ivanovich Kizilov told a very sad story about the transfer of grave plates of Dyatlov group from their present place deep into the cemetery and a little to the side.
He once had a long conversation with V.A. Elovski, who was the custodian of the cemetery before the reconstruction, and who told G.I. Kizilov this story.
They specified the distance between the previous series of pyramids, the present series of tombstones, and agreed on a figure of "about three meters", i.е. so tombstones were moved, nobody moved the graves themselves, they remained in place.
AE: I read Gennady Ivanovich opinion on this topic.
I will be very happy if this photo is useful to him.
MP: This photo was very useful.
Even unique.
Probably the only remaining evidence that the current position of the gravestone does not coincide with the position of the grave in 1959.
This can be seen well from the preserved house i.e. by its roof, which is visible from behind the fence and is an indisputable landmark.
More recently, residents of Yekaterinburg, Darya Babayeva and Sergey Stol have volunteered to help resolve this issue.
They went to the Mikhailovskoe cemetery and made this photo of the Kolya gravestone from the very point from which the photo of Elizaveta Iosifovna was made in 1965.
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The present gravestone. Photo by S. Shtol and D. Babaeva
Now everyone can compare these photos and draw their own conclusion, whether there were changes in the cemetery, and if the gravestones were laid in the same place as in the year of the burial of Dyatlov group.
And the benchmark is well served by the roof of the neighboring house, as it is located in both photos in relation to the tombstone.
Another observation was made at the cemetery: the location of the alleged Dyatlov group graves was cemented into one huge common slab, creating the impression of of an emergency blocks like the once they poured in Chernobyl.
Darya said something about this concrete monument left her with the unpleasant feeling, “since when they started spreading concrete slabs over graves, apparently, something there is unclean”.
MP: Were any of kolya's belongings returned to relatives?
There is an entry in the second volume of the Criminal Case, which E.V. Buyanov points out: "40. Draft:"
We received ....
Thibault pen knife ...
Thibault 008 ... 42.
Record: 1. In Thibault checked shirt 8 rubles.
2. Camera Zorkiy with a tripod and broken lens?
488797.
34 frames shot.
16. Pockets.
In Thibault windbreaker and trousers pockets a flashlight, a penknife and a Finnish knife, a compass 1 pc. 72.
Receipt dated 26.11.59 from Elizaveta Iosifovna Muzafarova, the relative of the deceased Thibeaux-Brignolle, for receiving from Ivanov wrist watches "Pobeda" and photographs (signed by Muzafarova and Ivanov)" I am personally not convinced that the camera mentioned in this receipt belongs to Kolya or is somebody else's.
In the photos from the expedition we see Kolya taking a picture with a camera, but if it is FED, Zorkiy or maybe Pioneer, the members of the Hibina did not come to an uniform conclusion.
MEK: I remember talking about the fact that nothing was returned from things, not even a camera.
At that time, the camera was of a great value.
But they did not return it. people whisper that all things are infected with a large dose of radiation, so you can not return them to the relatives.
About the wrist watches nothing was said, but the camera were in the center of rumors.
The only camera that remained in the family was "Mir", which made rather gray, fuzzy pictures.
The family asked to be returned Kolya's good camera naming its brand and identifying it among others, but they refused to return it.
It's so obvious: there is a receipt from Elizaveta Iosifovna that she has received Kolya's watches.
As for the camera, there is no such receipt.
If he had forgotten to take the camera with him on the trip, it had to be where Kolya lived.
But there was no camera!
MP: So Kolya had a camera in that expedition?
What brand?
MEK: I read many times in the memories of Kolya's friends that he was atking very good pictures.
Kolya's camera was of good quality.
Most likely, it was bought by Vladimir Iosifovich before his arrest.
It could be Sharp, FED.
It is possible that this was a German brand, which Vladimir Iosifovich brought from Germany, where he once studied.
The investigator showed it to aunt Lyusya (that's how Kolya's sister Elizaveta Vladimirovna was called in the family): "Is this yours?"
"Yes."
After that, the investigator took it to the safe and aunt Lyusya never saw it again.
MP: But why?!?
MEK: The explanation as of why the camera was not returned was that it irradiated with an increased dose of radiation, and it can not be released as a safety precaution.
MP: What are these photographs that the investigator gave to Elizaveta Iosifovna Muzafarova?
MEK: These photos from their last expedition, received by relatives, neither I nor Sergey know anything about.
Perhaps only the elder sister of Kolya, aunt Lyusya, took the pictures with her to Kemerovo ...
There is nothing in Elizaveta Iosifovna or else my grandmother Anna Iosifovna would have seen the pictures, and I as well.
I have seen photos of the the trek only on the Internet.
We had only earlier photographs, and then very few.
MP: This is all very strange, what kind of photos were there?
Maybe there were photos of Kolya, which the investigator asked for the gravestone and then returned them.
MEK: I'm sure that photos of the last trek were not returned to relatives.
In 1959, there was no talk about any photographs in the conversations between Anna Iosifovna and Elizaveta Iosifovna.
We can say that they were already elderly and did not take interest in photographs.
But Dina (the youngest daughter of E.I.) was very active, curious and liked photography.
And she very much involved in the discussion of Kolya's death.
But - never and nothing in their photo albums did not appear with the note: "photos issued by the investigator" or "photos from the last trek".
In 1968, during the winter holidays, I was in Kemerovo visiting aunt Lyusya and Anastasia Prohorovna (Kolya's mom), and they did not talk about any photos of this trek and didn't show me anything like that.
I stayed with them probably for a week.
MP: Probably these were pictures of Kolya from a personal archive of relatives, for a tombstone.
Therefore, when they were returned to relatives, no one in the family said anything because they were their own photos.
Are there any pictures of Kolya in the family circle?
AE: Unfortunately there are not photos of Kolya in the family circle.
There are a couple of photos I have not seen on the Internet, I put them on the Kolya's page, which I created on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/NikolayThibeauxBrignolles
MP: Thank you, Anna, I will definitely subscribe to this page.
AE: I noticed that when answering your questions, mom and Sergey E. mentioned two family names that are relevant to our family, which are also present in the Criminal case.
For example, when answering a question about who of friends or acquaintances from Sverdlovsk could remember something about Kolya and the events of that time, Sergey Evgenyevich recalled his teacher from the UPI on electrical engineering named ...
Krivonischenko.
In the early seventies, this teacher was 35-40 years old.
It is possible that he was a relative of Yuri Krivonischenko.
And the second name is Rempel: Kolya's cousin Evgeniya, daughter of Dmitry Iosifovich, married Helmut Rempel.
Now they live in Germany.
MP: Indeed, interesting coincidences, as soon as life does not reduce people!
One person told me that Y. Krivonischenko's nephew lives in Yekaterinburg, and local Dyatlov case followers, if they really wanted, could find him.
His name is Krivonischenko Alexey Igorevich, he is now somewhere 46-47 years.
But Yuri's brother, the one who received the belongings, was called Igor, this is recorded in the case.
From a letter sent to me by a girl who managed to talk with him on the Internet: "He confirmed that he was Yuri's nephew, and even somewhat (really very reluctantly and briefly) answered my questions, and then canceled his account, along with his page.
They have something in common with Yuri, but of course this is my personal impression.
When asked why Yuri was buried separately and not with the rest, were his parents holding Dyatlov responsible for the death of his son, he replied that it was the will of the parents and nothing more.
On questions about the personality of Yuri, about that expedition, about his parents, he said nothing more, and then disappeared.
Now I understand that he really did not say anything, just a couple of monosyllabic phrases like "yes", "no," "nonsense," unfortunately.
I didn't save his photo, like the correspondence itself, so I have nothing ... "
MP: I was personally surprised by the fact that Kolya's aunt Elizaveta Iosifovna identified the saw as belonging to Kolya.
I don't think she could have seen it, even know about it, since Kolya lived in a dormitory.
According to the materials in the Criminal case, after graduating Kolya was sent to work in Sverdovsk, as the master of a site in the construction and installation department.
He had a roommate in the dormitory - Belyasov, who identified Kolya's belongings, alternately with Y.E. Yudin and Elizaveta Iosifovna.
Could Elizaveta Iosifovna identify the saw under duress, after Belyasov identified it?
What do you think?
AE: Mom and Sergey Evgenievich found a logical explanation of how Kolya's aunt could identify the saw ...
MEK: We do not think that Elizaveta Iosifovna was pressured. Kolya worked in Sverdlovsk, about this there was an entry in the family documents: "Having finished the diploma project, he was left in Sverdlovsk, worked as a master in the SMU" - his sister Elizaveta wrote in 1988. In Uralmash, where Elizaveta Iosifovna lived, there were old houses, two-story, rather cold.
And there was a stove in the wall in the room and in the kitchen, at the height of a man.
It was heated with firewood.
Sergey Evgen'evich recalls that in 1960 Elizaveta Iosifovna already had batteries.
Sawing wood with a hacksaw is very inconvenient.
My aunt had a wood-burning barn, there were firewood and probably there was a two-handed saw.
And then, when they put the batteries, this saw was no longer necessary to her, and Elizaveta Iosifovna could easily give it to Kolya for hikes.
And then she could recognize it right away, because it was her saw.
MP: Kolya's roommate Belyasov said that Kolya took this saw from the tool shop at work.
This is a discrepancy.
AE: It seems to me that such a simple explanation about the saw is well correlated with the idea of falsifying the data in the protocol.
Otherwise, it's difficult to explain why the aunt so easily recognized Kolya's saw, which was from his place of work.
The second assumption - if you believe that the saw was actually taken from the place of work - then Kolya brought this good saw and helped his aunt to cut the wood in her household before the heating appeared.
MP: This option is also possible.
From the copies of the records of the identification of things by Elizaveta Iosifovna, one can see that in the records of the identification of this mysterious saw there is not a single signature, no investigator, no witnesses, no Elizaveta Iosifovna herself.
Although there was room for signatures, as if the writer stretched the last sentence, trying to fill the remaining free space of the sheet.
And on the next page on the numbering sheet there is already a receipt of Yudin about the things he has received.
Were any clothes returned to the relatives?
Did they complain that some things were not returned?
Perhaps, some things were returned in secret, without a protocol?
After all, a new hare vest disappeared, a quilted jacket disappeared ...
MEK: Sergey and I, we are not aware of Kolya's belongings from the trek.
The hare vest, I think, someone could take it.
Not relatives.
Well, of course, there are speculations.
Aunt Lyusya did not particularly bother, I think, about the return of Kolya's things.
There were no more men in the family.
You can look at the photos of his clothes and check with the list.
MP: I do not like digging in other people's things, but this is a special case. It is necessary to find out everything that is in my capabilities.
We will be pushed to the wall, for lack of evidence, the lack of scans of the protocols of identification of things and the return of things, therefore, we will draw our own conclusion, on the basis of available documents.
I also consulted the search parties about the possible "marauding" in the search.
Everyone denies such things.
True, one person said that they could have taken cameras, because they were valuable.
AE: Maya, and what is the fundamental value and reliability of these protocols of identification of belongings?
Isn't the prevaling opinion that the investigation was led in a careless and superficial manner?
Do you think it makes sense to compare things with those that we see in the photos of the hikers?
MP: Anna, everything makes sense.
We have to keep reminding how incomplete and full of discrepancies the case is! Many do not believe this and consider this criminal case almost the truth from the higher level.
And there are so many frauds and inaccuracies.
For example, did Kolya wear glasses?
MEK: Judging by the photos and our meeting in Kamensk, Kolya did not wear glasses.
MP: I looked at Kolya's medical chart, which was filled in when I entered the institute.
Here is an extract from it, the conclusion of the optometrist:
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I consulted with ophthalmologists, Spanish and Russian, what these records mean.
The opinions of specialists coincided: this man had myopia.
With glasses his vision would be 70 percent, and without glasses - 40 percent.
MEK: In the conclusion of a doctor, 0.7 - this, in my opinion, means that out of 100% of the eyesight, a person has 70%.
And I do not understand the other figures.
It is clear only that both eyes were the same, which today is a great achievement.
When Kolya came to us, he was without glasses.
In all the photographs he has no glasses.
In hiking, he went extreme and always returned.
These are facts.
They are most important.
If there was poor vision, he could not go camping, photographing.
Just in the first hike I would have been severely injured and never walked again.
MP: No one from his Polytech's comrades have seen Kolya wearing glasses.
Specifically, I learned this from Yakimenko and Zinoviev.
Yudin also said that he does not remember anyone in this hike wearing glasses.
These glasses he considers to be belonging to Lyuda, and as an argument leads the fact that they were found in her personal belongings, in the pocket of her backpack along with a toothbrush, soap dish with soap, "and here it was impossible to make a mistake".
Why Lyuda's relatives did not identify her glasses, Yuri Efimovich believes that this is "due to their psychological state".
But the very position of the glasses in the pocket of the backpack, which was deposited on the bottom of the tent for insulation, is already in doubt - they could easily break.
And that happened - the glasses were broken.
And recently I received a letter from Doroshenko's sister, Irina Nikolaevna, and she confirmed that Yuri was wearing glasses, with big diopters, and in hiking trips too, which you can make sure by looking at his hiking photos.
But nobody recognized these glasses as belonging to Yuri.
We don't know whether they were shown ...
So, in my opinion, the identification of things as belonging to Kolya was hasty and, maybe, even fictitious.
And Elizaveta Iosifovna herself probably did not even hear about her identification of saw and glasses.
Until I see the scans of the records of the identification of Kolya's things, with the signatures of Elizaveta Iosifovna, and until I compare this signature with her real signature, one can assume that in the identification of things the investigation resorted to falsification.
In the meantime, we have to be satisfied with what is in the copy of the Criminal case - my aunt identified the saw and glasses as belonging to Kolya.
And there is not a single signature on the protocols for identifying these things.
It says in the Criminal case that there is a receipt from Elizaveta Iosifovna receiving watches "Pobeda" and some photographs.
But I personally have not seen the scans of this receipt yet.
The Foundation refused to show it to me.
AE: Unfortunately, there is no chance to find these glasses - there is nobody from his sisters and his aunt's family alive.
MP: Whether they were in the family, whether they were returned at all, that's the question.
Anna, of course, everyone will recognize the things of his relative and even a friend.
After all, if Kolya lived in Sverdlovsk, then he came to visit his aunt.
There were no that many things at that time.
Doroshenko's sister recalls that in general, all lived poorly, one or two sweaters, pants generally probably one pair.
Any person who had been in contact with Kolya for a long time could identify these items.
I mean, we did not have a lot of things in the "golden 70s", and they lasted for a long time until they didn't fit anymore.
And everyone saw and knew who was wearing what.
Was there a TV in Kolya's family?
MEK: Televisions sets were very rare in the Urals.
Usually on New Year's eve, for example, many people gathered in front of the TV.
We went to the friends of our family Browns and watched TV together.
They had, but we didn't.
My mother was afraid that we would not do our homework, so we didn't buy TV for a long time.
More specifically, the Browns got their TV in 1958. And our family - in 1966.
Elizaveta Iosifovna had a TV, but with a small screen. A lens was purchased separately.
The lens was installed in front of the TV and enlarged the screen.
Those who sat on the side could no longer watch through the lens.
MP: Are there any memories in the family about some events from his childhood, Kolya's youth and his time as a young specialist?
MEK: As my mother (Kolya's cousin) told me, for a while Kolya lived with his aunt Elizaveta Iosifovna in Sverdlovsk.
I think in the first year, at the very beginning.
But Elizaveta Iosifovna was quite strict, with a very firm upbringing, taught.
And he ran away from her somewhere.
She was worried, looking for him.
He then settled himself in a dormitory.
Probably his relation with his mother was very affectionate, and he was not used to nagging.
Then, I remember how he once came to Kamensk-Uralsky.
He was very nice, talked and joked with me and my brother Sergey, gave us a great new book "1001 Nights", children's edition.
And I remember that he was in "velveteen".
It was then a very fashionable corduroy jacket, on the chest were two pockets with sewn zippers.
Such jackets were not bought, but sewed themselves in the family, for example, a young man asks: Mom, sew me one!
There were no such velveteen in Kamensk.
It was sewn by his mother, or sister Lisa.
Kolya was cheerful, sociable. he was easy going.
He was very inventive, loved pranks and jokes.
If they were photographed, they would necessarily depict something, play some sketch.
MP: Did Kolya have any special passion for something, something like a hobby?
MEK: The most important hobby was hiking.
Because he liked to go hiking, he was both determined and fearless.
He just needed to go to the wild, harsh land from time to time and put himself to the test.
In his childhood he liked to read books very much.
When he lived in Osinnik, where he was born, his mother taught her children to grow vegetables and take care of animals.
He knew how to do all this.
About other interests I only know from Matveeva's book and from the Internet: he loved ti take pictures and he was a good at it, he drew maps very well, and liked reading the samizdat literature.
MP: Tell me, please, is it true that Kolya's mother asked him not to go on this trip?
MEK: Yes, Kolya's mother begged him not to go on this trip. Kolya said: "For the last time, Mom!"
Then she let him go.
My grandmother Anna Iosifovna remembers that Kolya was quite absentminded and had a tendency to get into all sorts of trouble.
One day he wanted to cross the road at a crossroads and stopped, waiting for the truck with a trailer, on which lay long logs, to pass.
The truck passed before Kolya and turned right.
And Kolya went to cross the road and flew right into the logs.
I also remember how they said that kolya's woolen socks were on one of the girls.
They believed that he gave them to her.
He acted like a knight i.e. Elizaveta Iosifovna and Anna Iosifovna saw the situation at that time quite probable and leaving the possibility of chivalry.
Sergey E. recalls that in the dormitory Kolya had problems in the room.
He came to visit his aunt and complained about the guys.
While he was sleeping, someone stuck cotton wool between his toes and set him on fire.
It was a stupid joke, but Kolya was not ready to jump up and stuff someone's face.
MP: Bastards!
I was interested in the former UPI students, what kind of behavior they had in the dorm room.
Askinadzi said that, yes, "there were no rules in the dormitory, if they saw someone as a weakling or a scoundrel, they make him suffer".
Most of all, it was for those who could not defend themselves, always and everywhere - even in the animal kingdom, where all relationships are based on instinct, no one touched me, and even vice versa - I was, in a sense, one of the leaders.
I did not know Thibault, so I can not say anything, but I do not want to suggest anything bad".
Zinoviev said that everything was fine and beautiful.
Sharavin said that he did not remember tormenting anybody in their dorm, although they joked about pranks.
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Kolya on a trek. Kolya's great grandfather was an architect, it was not by chance that Kolya was drawing maps well.
MP: Are there any diaries or notebooks belonging to Kolya left in the family, any letters?
MEK: No.
MP: A. Rakitin asks if anything is known about whether Nikolai was left-handed or right-handed?
If he was left-handed, did they retrain him to use his right hand instead?
MEK: We do not know if Kolya was left-handed or right-handed.
AE: Judging by some photographs, Kolya wore a watch on his left hand, apparently he was right handed.
MP: Did Kolya take part in the trip of the students to the Kourovka camp site to meet the New 1959 with Dyatlov and Kolevatov?
This question is also from A. Rakitin.
MEK: We don't know.
MP: Y. Kuntsevich once in a conversation at the forum said that Nikolai Thibault was a Protestant, which I was very surprised.
Were the Thibeaux-Brignolles Protestants, not Catholics?
And in general, what was the position of the family on the question of faith, although I foresee the answer that Kolya was an atheist and a Komsomol member, like all young people at that time ...
But still, was Kolya baptized, if so, in what faith?
So many questions have been raised by a single replica of Y. Kuntsevich.
AE: Maya, this is a good question, I read that Kolya was a Protestant somewhere on the Internet.
But this is not true!
MEK: Kolya's great grandfather, Iosif Frantsevich, grew up in a Catholic family, but he married a Lutheran, his children were baptized as Lutherans.
Kolya's grandfather, Iosif Iosifovich, married an Orthodox, and all his children, including Kolya's father, Vladimir Iosifovich, were baptized in Orthodox churches (there are copies of records from the metric books).
Kolya's elder sister Elizaveta was baptized in the Orthodox church in 1916.
Data on whether Kolya and his brother were baptized by Volodya, we do not.
Baptizing children in the 1930s was quite dangerous for parents, in addition, in Osinniki, a mining village, at that time, apparently, there was not even an Orthodox church.
In any case, Kolya could not be neither a Protestant nor a Catholic.
MP: It was dangerous, yes. But that's interesting ...
For example, I learned that even in the families of Ivdel party workers, despite the disapproval of the heads of families, they were baking cakes and celebrating Easter, and grandmothers baptized their grandchildren, despite the bans of their parents.
And one of the party secretaries of the Ivdel city committee of the CPSU wore an icon in the tunic throughout the war, to which his mother blessed him, escorting him to the front.
Was it accepted in Kolya's family to celebrate Easter, bake a cake, celebrate birthdays?
MEK: They did not celebrate Easter, they did not color eggs, they did not bake cakes.
But birthdays were necessarily celebrated, given gifts, congratulated.
MP: How does the family look at setting up a memorial cross in the forest in the place where the bodies of the children were found?
MEK: The general opinion of the family - we think that it is necessary to put a cross.
Let there be at least an approximate place of death of people marked as it was customary in our country for centuries.
In this case is not even about a religious symbol only, but rather, a broader cultural tradition.
MP: Speaking of Nikolai, how would you introduce him?
AE: In the articles about the expedition and Dyatlov group Kolya is often called the son of a Frenchman or a Frenchman (for example, in a recent publication of the Komsomolskaya Pravda).
Indeed, in the inheritance from the French ancestors, Kolya received an unusual surname.
The origin of Kolya, the history of the genus Thibault often raises questions.
But the ancestors of Kolya remained forever in Russia, were at the service of the Russian state.
Kolya's mom - Anastasia Prohorovna - is a simple Russian woman, the daughter of a skilled worker.
So Kolya is - first of all - a Russian.
In difficult times, after his father's early death, he managed to get a high education, to become an engineer.
I would say that Kolya is a Russian Engineer - great grandson of a French architect.
MP: Dear Anna and Marina Evgenyevna, many thanks to you, and also to Sergey Evgenyevich, for share what you know about Kolya.
I was very interested to learn more about him, and to be honest, it was nice to talk with you on many lyrical topics.
Thanks for the new unique photos from the family history!
I think that now they will no longer speak of Nicolai Thibault as a French subject and the son of a French communist.
Yes, and the date of birth Kolya, perhaps, will be corrected in the records.
Yuri Yudin, on the question of whether he dreams of his deceased friends, answered that he is still dreaming of them, and then after these dreams he walks happy all day.
They are all alive there. "...
There is no illness, neither sorrow nor sighing, but life is endless."
I hope this publication will help readers to better know Nikolai Thibeaux-Brignolle.
Let this image of Kolya Thibault remain in our memory - a cheerful, bright, handsome young man smiling at us from the black and white photographs ...
M. P. July - November 21. (с) 2012 Kolya on a trek.
Kolya's great grandfather was an architect, it was not by chance that Kolya was drawing maps well.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Żródło: https://www.facebook.com/dyatlovmania/

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Photo reconstruction


1st row: Ortyukov, Delevich and Fyodorov, 2nd row: Askinadzi, Suvorov, after next Kuzminov, at the very top is the "lazy dog breeder" - photo archive Vladimir Askinadzi.

 

The dam (плотина) was built by rescuers where the creek flows into the fourth tributary of Lozva river so the still missing bodies are not carried away if they are lying in the creek.

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Żródło: https://www.facebook.com/dyatlovmania/

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  • 2 tygodnie później...

На перевале Дятлова нашли деталь от ракеты, которая могла убить туристов в 1959 году

 

Исследователи предполагают, что это элемент от советской межконтинентальной ракеты
inx960x640.jpgКак объяснили эксперты, подобная "вафельная" конструкция создается на емкостях ракет для прочности. Фото: Юрий Кунцеви

Версий о том, что же случилось 2 февраля 1959 года на перевале Дятлова ходит много.

 

Кто-то обвинял во всем инопланетян, кто-то инфразвук.

 

Грешили исследователи и на лавину, и на испытания некой ракеты, в зоне падения которой якобы и оказались девять туристов из Уральского политехнического института.

 

И вот, внезапно, последняя версия нашла косвенное подтверждение.

 

По крайней мере, так считают участники экспедиции, вернувшейся на днях с перевала Дятлова.

 

Там они нашли металлический предмет, который может быть частью космического аппарата.

 

– Это алюминиевая конструкция площадью более одного квадратного метра, – рассказал Юрий Кунцевич, руководитель фонда памяти группы Дятлова.

 

– Мы его нашли года четыре назад, но принесли только сейчас.

 

Он тяжелый и мы не решились тащить его, пока не привели с собой крепких мужчин на перевал.

 

Нам уже объяснили, что это стенка от топливного бака ракеты.

 

Впрочем, мы еще проведем анализ металла, чтобы понять, что же именно это за фрагмент.

 

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Этот фрагмент был найден еще четыре года назад, но лишь сейчас его вывезли с перевала Дятлова. Фото: Юрий Кунцевич

Сама найденная деталь сейчас находится в Екатеринбурге в фонде Дятлова.

 

Они предполагают, что это может быть фрагмент от УР-100, советской двухступенчатой межконтинентальной балистической ракеты.

 

Тем временем, мы решили поинтересоваться у экспертов, что это может быть за фрагмент.

 

– Судя по фотографии, по «вафельной» конструкции, это похоже на стенку какой-то емкости от ракеты.

 

Такая конструкция специально делается для прочности.

 

Потому, что если, допустим сделать тонкостенный цилиндр, то он при взлете не будет держать внешнее давление, начнет играть.

 

А когда на поверхности такая «вафельная» конструкция, то она становится жесткой несущей, – объяснил Сергей Булдашев, главный конструктор «Научно-исследовательского института машиностроения».

 

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В 1959 году на перевале Дятлова погибла группа из девяти свердловских туристов.

ЧИТАЙТЕ ТАКЖЕ

Тайна перевала Дятлова: туристов убила ракета (Подробнее)

Еще больше материалов по теме: «ПЕРЕВАЛ ДЯТЛОВА: ВЕРСИИ»

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Żródło: https://www.ural.kp.ru/daily/26870/3913358/

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"Komsomolskaya Pravda" together with Channel 1 continue investigation of the death of nine tourists
Researchers have been fighting over this mystery for half a century.
In the archive of the Foundation for the memory of Dyatlov group there are already 64 (!) versions of what happened - from the avalanche to the "snowman" - but none of them fully explains what has happened there after all.
So it turns out that everyone walks around in a vicious circle.
In his latest publications and in «Let them talk» about the tragedy of the Dyatlov group, we come to the conclusion that some unsuccessful military trials could have caused the drama.
A number of very serious facts lead us to that conclusion.
For example, in the beginning of May 1959 the bodies of the last four tourists were found.
Three of them were seriously injured.
Lyudmila Dubinina had fractured almost all the ribs, and Semen Zolotoryov broke half of the ribs, Nikolay Thibeaux-Brignolle had a fatal skull trauma.
All the injuries - experts established - were premortem.
What immediately comes to mind?
Someone beat the tourists violently.
There is no other explanations.
Hence, it is necessary to begin an even broader investigation, for which in 1959 the relatives of the deceased were asking.
However ... the party leaders of Sverdlovsk order to curtail this business!
OBSERVATIONS OF THE INVESTIGATOR
Investigator Vladimir Korotaev then in the years of glasnost said:
"... I was invited to the first secretary of the city committee of the party Prodanov who transparently hinted: there is suggestion to close this case.
It was clearly not his personal decision, but an order from above.
At my request, the secretary called Andrey Kirilenko (the first secretary of the Sverdlovsk regional committee of the party).
And I heard the same thing: to terminate the case.
Literally a day later investigator Lev Ivanov took over the case, and quickly turned it off ...
I was surprised by the rapid terms of the investigation - March, April, May - a case of this magnitude required a longer investigation.
These places had to be inspected in the summer, perhaps, when more traces could be found. "
However, in May 1959 the case was closed with a vague wording:
"The reason for the death of students was an overwhelming force, which they were unable to overcome."
Well, why explain this instruction from above - to stop the investigation?
If the tourists would have died from an avalanche, from a UFO, from a booze (and what other versions are there?), Would not they have continued to investigate the case?
Hence the conclusion: the case had to be closed only because it is connected with a state (i.e. military) secret.
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Perhaps the tourists photographed the test flight of the R-12 rocket, launched from the Kapustin Yar test site. Photo: GLOBAL LOOK PRESS
We read further the memoirs of the investigator Korotaev ("AiF-Ural", No. 5, 2004):
"... From the case, which I conducted, are missing the testimonies of Mansi Anyamov and Sambindanov.
They said that they had observed an elongated body over the taiga, behind which burst out flames ...
I remember well how I was present at the autopsy of corpses by medical experts Vozrozhdenny and Ganz.
The bodies had no visible damage, but the bones were badly broken.
Nikolay Thibeaux-Brignolle skull was literally flattened.
After the autopsy, we were ordered to get into barrels with alcohol.
I immediately reported the results of the autopsy to the members of the government commission, who at that time were drinking in Lozva.
But the new discoveries turned out to no use for them: everyone was satisfied with the version of the death of hikers from hypothermia.
Soon after I was removed from the investigation.
Many years later I communicated with scientists from the circle of Korolyov, Academician Raushenbach.
I was very vaguely told that there were some tests.
Personally, I like the "rocket" version.
A few years after the tragedy, one Mansi hunter discovered an strange piece of iron in the forest, which, apparently, was one of the debris.
So far, serious searches have not been conducted on Dyatlov Pass.
I think that the debris is still there and if you are looking for them ... ".
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There is an opinion that the last frame Krivonischenko captured the falling stage of the rocket.
Many ask a logical question: if the tourists were killed by a rocket, why didn’t anybody from the military say anything till now?
We think that they actually talked, not once.
According to the memoirs of veterans, almost all of Sverdlovsk was saying that tourists were victims of weapons tests.
And relatives of the dead suspected the military.
For example, the father of Lyudmila Dubinina, who was in charge of the Sverdlovsk economic council, said at the interrogation in March 1959:
"... I heard the conversations of the students of the Ural Polytechnic Institute (UPI) that the flight of the stripped people from the tent was caused by an explosion and a large radiation.
., and the statement of the Head of the Sverdlovsk Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Ermash, made to the sister of the deceased, Kolevatova, that the remaining 4 people, not found yet, couldn’t have lived after the death of their comrades more than 2 hours, makes us think that the violent, sudden escape from the tent was caused by a rocket shell and radiation near the mountain 1079, that forced them to escape from it further and, it is believed, affected vital activity of people, in particular, the vision.
The light of the rocket shells was seen in Serov on February 2 at about 7 am ... it surprises me why the tourist routes from Ivdel were not closed ...
If the rocket deviated and did not reach the planned test site, in my opinion, the agency that launched the rocket, must send to the site of the fall and conduct aerial investigation to find out what is the aftermath of the accident.
... If aerial investigation took place we can assumed that the remaining four people were picked up.
I state here my personal opinion and it is not to be disclosed publicly."
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Winter expedition "KP" and Channel 1 to Dyatlov Pass in 2013
In this regard, Sergey Sogrin published interesting memories (already in perestroika).
Sergey Sogrin was a student in UPI and participated in the search for for the missing tourists.
"In the early 70's I met in Pamir with I.D. Bogachev, a master of sports in mountaineering.
He worked in Moscow in some secret research institute.
In the evening at the fire at Iskander-Kul lake I told him the story of Dyatlov group, to which he literally replied the following:
"In those years we dropped the spent rocket launchers into the uninhabited regions of the Northern Urals, and Dyatlov was the victim”.
It was impossible to ask more, he worked, as they said at the time, in a "box".
EPILOGUE
Two arguments against this theory
  1. Why in the perestroika year, when everyone talked about everything, no one told the press about the events at Dyatlov Pass?
  2. After all, I.D. Bogachev (about which Sergey Sogrin wrote, see above) could tell us how the spent stages of rockets were dropped into the Urals. On the other hand: why should honorable retiree spoil his live with such stories? It means losing privileges and all sorts of honors and compensations from their company, betraying and losing friends ...

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Metal fragment with «waffle» design supports the rocket launch theory

The researchers suggest that this is a detail from the Soviet intercontinental rocket

 

 

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Similar «waffle» design is used on rocket tanks for durability. Photo: Yuri Kuntsevich
There are many versions of what happened at Dyatlov Pass on February 2, 1959.
People blame aliens, infra sound.
Researchers speculated about avalanche and testing of a experimental rockets that fell in the zone where allegedly the nine hikers from the Ural Polytechnic Institute turn out to be.
And suddenly, the latest version found an indirect confirmation.
At least, according to the participants of the expedition, which returned a few days ago from the Dyatlov Pass.
There they found a metal object that could be part of the spacecraft.
– This is an aluminum structure with an area of ​​more than one square meter, – said Yuri Kuntsevich, the head of the memory fund of the Dyatlov group.
– We found it about four years ago, but they brought it only now.
t was heavy and we did not had the means to drag it down until we brought strong men to the pass.
We have already explained that this is the wall from the fuel tank of the rocket.
However, we will also conduct an analysis of the metal in order to understand what exactly this fragment is.
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This fragment was found four years ago, but was only now taken down from the pass. Photo: Yuri Kuntsevich
The detail is now in Yekaterinburg in the Dyatlov Foundation.
They assume that this could be a fragment from the UR-100, a Soviet two-stage intercontinental ballistic missile.
In the meantime, we decided to ask the experts what kind of a fragment it might be.
– Judging by the photo, according to the «waffle» design, it looks like a wall of some capacity from the rocket.
This design is specially made for strength.
Because if, let's say make a thin-walled cylinder, it will not take external pressure during takeoff, it will start to move.
And with such «waffle» design for the surface, it becomes a rigid carrier, – explained Sergei Buldashev, chief designer of the «Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering».
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Expedition August 2018 to Dyatlov Pass. Photo: Juri Kuntsevich

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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To hide the truth about the murder of Dyatlov group, the authorities came up with a missile version
This is the opinion of the participant in the searches of Dyatlov group Vladimir Askinadzi, who shared his memoirs with journalists Nikolay Varsegov and Natalya Varsegova
Nowadays Vladimir Askinadzi lives in the city of Sevastopol. In 1959 he was fifth year student of UPI and an experienced trekker.
He took part in the North Urals search of the missing tourists.
That is what Vladimir Mihaylovich remembers about the events.
– In the middle of April, they call me to the Party Committee of the UPI and instruct me to recruit a group of students to look for Dyatlov group.
We had to change Blinov's group, which had been searching for a long time at the pass, but found no one.
I hardly managed to pick up five students, because no one wanted to go - we had exams.
I suggested that the authorities wait with the search till the snow melts.
But they didn’t want to hear about it. We were promised an academic absence from the exams and keeping our scholarships in the event of our delay at the pass.
And just before my departure, I was again summoned to the party committee and told bluntly: make sure the tourists didn’t abscond to America through the North Pole.
And if you find any details that speak of them leaving to America, then do not talk to anyone about it.
When I told the guys about the escape to America, they laughed for a long time.
Nansen has been preparing for years to conquer the North Pole, and our supposedly on a whim decided to make it through the entire Arctic Ocean.
In addition, without skis!
After all, all their skis were found around the tent.
– I'm sorry, Vladimir Mihaylovich, but did the wise men in the institute party committee thought like that, who could imagine such a foolishness?
– Exactly.
It was only six years after Stalin's death.
The country was still living in fear.
The party was recruited in the party committees plain men who did not know how to think at all, but could obey and strictly follow instructions.
And they are not saints strictly speaking.
In addition, I am convinced that this marvel was not a product of our Party Committee, but the idea of ​​Dyatlov group making a run for America was a product of a higher party leadership.
– Vladimir Mihaylovich, you personally found Lyudmila Dubinina.
Tell us how it happened.
We have difficulty imagining technically how using a probe you can differentiate that under the thick snow, there is not earth, but a body.
After all, the bodies were frozen and hardened.
– We had professional emergency avalanche probes designed to search for bodies.
There is a hook at the end.
It is necessary to poke, turn and pull it back.
Mostly we pulled moss with the hook.
And then I took out the probe and saw a piece of meat on the hook ....
We immediately began to dig in that place.
This was how Lyuda Dubinina was found.
She was kneeling in a creek.
They began to dig more, and a half-meter from Lyuda appeared someone's head.
Lyuda was in the way, and we dragged her aside.
Put the face on the snow, covered with some rags.
Dug a little more, and found the rest.
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This is a photo of Vladimir Askinadzi made during his search in early May 1959. He is in the foreground, on his back is dangling a grouse that was shot an hour ago.
THE NOTEBOOK
– When you dug them out, supposedly Semen Zolotaryov had a notebook in one hand, and in another pencil?
– Yes, the memory of the episode with a notebook made a big impression on me.
Because Colonel Ortyukov, who directed the searches, somehow behaved inadequately.
He jumped like a madman when he saw that there was a notebook in the hands of one of the bodies.
We couldn’t say who that was.
We didn’t know the guys, and they were practically unrecognizable.
So, Ortyukov grabbed the notebook and began to turn the pages, and I stood beside him.
She flipped back and forth, but it is empty.
And Ortyukov cursed in his heart, I do not remember words exactly, but he said, approximately, something like: "Ah, slug, couldn’t write anything ...".
– The book was submerged in the water.
Maybe it blurred the records?
– May be.
– And where is this notebook now?
– I don’t know.
But there is a photo of Ortyukov holding this notebook in his right hand.
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Colonel Ortyukov holding in his right hand the notebook allegedly found on Zolotaryov
– So you found the bodies, what happened next?
– Next came the question: who will pull the bodies out?
We drew straws, the soldiers got to do it.
We watched them working.
Radio operator Nevolin sent a telegram right away, and the next morning the leadership from Sverdlovsk flew in.
– Was regional prosecutor Klinov among them?
– There were a lot of people. A
nd who is who - they did not introduce themselves.
I only knew one person: investigator Ivanov.
He behaved surprisingly detached.
He didn’t even make enough photos of the crime scene.
If I was an investigator, I would be all over the place, documenting everything. And he was indifferent, hands in his pockets.
Apparently, everything was clear to him and that's why everything is already indifferent.
In my opinion, he did not even approach the bodies.
By the way, on the same day Ivanov flew away.
We talked with him before the left, and he told me - I promise you as a reward photos from Dyatlov's films. But he didn’t give me anything.
– What did you talk about?
– I told him how the searches were going.
How we first found the den, and only after that the bodies.
By the way, Mansi Kurikovs lead us to the den.
I see them talking in their own language and point to small broken spruce twigs, no larger than the little finger, which were sticking from under the snow.
These branches, as it were, indicated the path from the chopped fir-trees to the ravine.
It turned out that the tourists cut off the branches and dragged them into the ravine, losing some debris of the branches along the way.
Where the path ended, there we started digging.
The snow was wet, caked.
We cut down blocks and took them out.
That’s how we found the den.
With trembling hands - thinking that we will now find the guys - we scooped up the snow.
When we saw an empty den, it became very painful.
Where are they?
And they were close to the den, literally at arms lenght.
Although for some reason it is publicized that they were a few meters away.
This is not true.
I remember well that the bodies lay nearby.
– Vladimir Mihaylovich, is it possible to have happened the following way.
The guys dug a hole, laid the clothes on the bottom.
And then they decided to dig a cave from the pit wall. In the cave would be warmer.
They did not know that a stream was flowing under them.
When they started digging they fell into the creek, and the snow fell on top of them.
Hence the fractures of the ribs, and the head could be broken by a stone underneath...
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If we assume that hikers trampled the den in the ravine under such a cornice, and then start digging a cave, they could be suppressed by snow falling down. Hence, fractures of the ribs, and trauma to the skull
– I do not think they could have dug a hole and a cave with their bare hands.
They may have trampled a small pit for the den, and after that it snowed on top.
The depth is about right. And why did they make a fire by the cedar?
The head of Nikolay Thibeaux-Brignolle is broken, most likely, with a butt stroke.
The size and shape of the wound is very indicative.
MYSTERIOUS TRACKS
– There is an opinion that strong winds prevented the hikers from making a sufficiently big fire and maintain it long enough to keep them warm and that’s why they died.
That they froze because of the wind.
But when we were on the pass both in summer and in winter, we couldn’t but notice that on the slope of Kholat Syakhl, where the tent was, the wind blew monstrously strong.
And when you go down to the cedar, there's a complete calm, the light of a lighter will not flicker.
When you were under the cedar, did you notice the winds?
– I remember the same thing.
On the slope there were very strong winds, and under the cedar it was calm.
– How, in your opinion, did the tragedy happen?
– I like the version with a poisonous cloud, which covered them, if you do not consider the causes of injuries.
They began to choke, Dyatlov ordered everyone to cut the tent and run.
But it is unclear how did the injuries happen.
I think they were killed.
But who and why - I don’t know.
The whole epic from leaving the tent to their demise, it's as if encompass several unrelated events.
Now I believe that there are criminals involved.
I have a photo of the bodies under the cedar, hitherto unknown to anyone, where there are foreign traces next to the corpses.
Now, I am giving you this photo, you study it.
These tracks are already heavily powdered with snow, perhaps they are a month old.
– So it could be traces of the hikers?
– No, they are too clear.
These are not traces of wounded people.
This may be the traces of their murderers.
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First photo of Doroshenko and Krivonischenko under the cedar tree. Photo provided by participant in the 1959 serach Vladimir Askinadzi
– In his memoirs, investigator Ivanov says that he saw scorched tree branches on the pass.
Some eyewitnesses say that they saw melted snow.
Is this so?
– I didn’t see anything like this.
None of my friends did. And anyway, if there was an explosion that broke their ribs, he probably would have stripped the cedar from all its branches with its blow.
– How many soldiers worked there?
– At the time when our group was searching, the soldier were five men.
And at first there were a lot of them.
In the early days, there was hope that the hikers would be found sooner.
– And what about the scandal with the helicopter pilots who refused to transport the bodies of the last hikers found?
Allegedly, they feared that these bodies were radioactive.
– Yes there was such a situation.
To transport bodies according to the instructions, we needed a special packing, but we did not have it.
And here for the first time Colonel Ortyukov took out a pistol, threatening the pilots.
I did not know that he had a gun. But the pilots still refused to board the corpses without the packaging.
They were transpoarted the next day, when special bags were provided.
– Were you tested for radiation?
– No.
I learned about radiation only when the case was declassified.
True, there was a Moscow radiologist with a dosimeter there on the pass.
He took measurements, but we were not informed about the results.
– What were the first theories for the missing tourists?
– Then all Sverdlovsk said that somewhere on the pass a rocket exploded. Colonel Ortyukov filled us with the same information.
It is possible that he had this assignment.
It was profitable for the authorities to let out a rumor about the missile version, because this version justified all the secrecy surrounding this case.
It somehow calmed people and even relatives of the deceased.
This version was taking the search away from the real truth.
Well, if it is a rocket, it's all connected with state secrets.
Therefore, we should not demand explanations from the authorities.
But nobody believed the authorities then, everyone knew that officials are lying.
And when we returned from the search in the institute, we were interrogated separately.
My friend, also a student of UPI Moses Akselrod said, that most probably it was an avalanche.
I asked him - would you be scared of an avalanche?
He shook his head.
So Dyatlov wouldn’t be scared as well.
– Why did you decide that on there was a murder on the pass?
– I thought a lot about this and came to the conclusion that no spontaneous force could kill the nine healthy and fit guys.
They could not just freeze in those conditions.
Well, again, these inexplicable injuries.
Don’t ask me, I don’t know who or why were they murdered.
But this seems to me the only explanation of their death.

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Vladimir Borzenkov analysis of frame 34
The last shot of Yuri (Georgiy) Krivonischenko's camera became very popular.
Here is a link to the original scan.
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The negative of frame 34
There is an opinion that the last frame Krivonischenko captured the falling stage of the rocket.
Perhaps the tourists photographed the test flight of the R-12 rocket, launched from the Kapustin Yar test site.
If conspiracy ambassadors have this immense "fantasy allowance" on the topic "to think up something unreal, based on the lack of real facts", then why can't we present something real if there are real facts available for it?
I believe that there is nothing mysterious in this frame.
All mystery lives only in the minds of conspiracy theorists.
It should be noted that most qualified amateur and professional photographers basically share a point of view similar to mine.
The fact that there is nothing unusual in it and that the shot is "technical" and made entirely by accident.
If you look at this image from the point of view of a qualified photographer who dealt with chemical photography (shooting on a photosensitive film and developing it in photo chemicals), then nothing special can be found in it.
Distinguishable objects (areas) of the image
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Distinguishable objects (areas) of the image
Main and significant
  1. A rectangular light spot (this is all said for a positive image) in the middle of the left side,
  2. 8 faced polyhedron (octahedron) in the center of the frame,
  3. Whitish wide blurred strip from the rectangle up and to the right.

 

Secondary
  1. Thin strip in bend shape
  2. From the center of the frame to the right there are rows of surface scratches, the cause of which is contact with the metal surfaces of the transport unit of the camera film (flat pressing surface of the back cover of the camera), as well as mechanical defects from careless handling of the film. Weak longitudinal bands are the result of multiple folding and or dragging of the film along the glass of the photo enlarger), or something like that.
  3. An area of whitish exposition, not as intense in brightness as object No. 3 (the brightest area in the image) and "covering" almost half of the frame, where the main analyzed objects are located. It can easily be removed by means of image processing (for example, increasing the contrast), which was done on most of the images published on the web.

 

Concerning the exposure of the image, it can be said that it was produced without focusing on the sharpness, from a dark room to a light object, for example, an open tent canopy.
The white octahedron in the center of the frame is an optical effect.
Errors in focusing can occur due to the following: - this was neglected, - range finder was defective, - or when the viewfinder fogs up.
Exposure was quite permissible, that is called "by hand".
This follows from the fact that there is almost nothing "smeared".
In any case, this is not visible.
At exposure times of the shutter greater than ¼, ½ sec, this usually does not work.
By the way, such excerpts and there is not on that camera ("Zorki" №486963), which was used to filmed this frame.
Surely the camera settings before this "last shot" were installed in relation to the illumination, the two penultimate frames.
When the group goes in conditions of poor visibility already in the woodland.
And the shutter speed, aperture, and the focusing distance to the sharpness (depth of field), most likely, did not change.
If you start to analyze all these objects, you can get the following explanations:
Object №2
It's easiest to explain the presence of the octahedron (object №2).
This effect often appears when a thin beam of light enters the lens in such a way that it does not fall directly into the photographic material field, but is reflected from the side surfaces of the objective lens to form an image of the diaphragm's petals.
When shooting against the light due to internal reflections in the lens, a parasitic light may appear on the pictures - in the form of glare.
Such a glare comes from a bright source, for example, the sun, a light bulb in a room or a lamppost, etc.
The source itself does not have to be in the frame.
Virtually all lenses, except the simplest, consist of several "optical elements".
This is the lenses themselves and assemblies of several lenses.
Glare initiates a light that is outside the limits of the image on the frame.
This light, instead of passing through the normal optical path, is reflected from the optical elements inside (an arbitrary number of times) before it reaches the film.
Modern optical elements usually have different anti-reflective coatings that are designed to eliminate glare, but no multi-lens can not completely eliminate them.
The rays from the light sources will still be reflected inside and this reflected light will be in the frame in the form of highlights in areas where it will be comparable in intensity with the light of the main image.
Glare in the form of polygons are caused by light, which is reflected from the inner surfaces of the lens.
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Formation of "false" images on film
That there might be reflections caused by internal re-reflections, it is necessary to have external high-brightness lighting sources.
Such sources can be the sun, artificial lighting. Such "random light" can get into the lens if it hits the front lens of the lens. Usually, the light outside the angle of the lens does not affect the resulting image, but if this light is reflected from the inner parts of the lens, it can go through an unintended path and get on the film.
If we say "in general", then it should be noted that in modern lenses, effective anti-glare coatings are usually used. Some old lenses, for example, Leica, Hasselblad, Zeiss, FED until 1948, and all Soviet (and most foreign) cameras that were produced at an earlier time do not have any special coatings, and therefore can highlight very much even with a soft light.
Sometimes this technique (a specially generated occurrence of highlights) is used by photographers to obtain a special artistic effect, or to "liven up" a photograph.
The octahedron is a reflection of the shape of the diaphragm of this lens.
This is a common phenomenon when shooting against the sun or another bright light source.
For this effect, you need a narrow bright beam that enters the lens.
This was not a problem at the site of the search camp in 1959.
The sun was just from the entrance to the tent, and it was very simple to find a flat snowflake "at a very obtuse angle", like a "mirrored dot".
Such effects are not uncommon.
Here is one example from my own practice.
This picture was taken with "Praktica LTL3" by "Pentacon Dresden" (GDR).
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Illustration for diaphragm imaging
This picture also clearly shows the pentagon of the diaphragm of the Zeiss lens «Pancolar – 1,8/50».
In the example above, the sun practically did not hit the frame, but nevertheless caused pentagon glare.
On the exemplary frame there are a few pentagons (in contrast to the frame from Krivonischenko's film), but the Zeiss lens is more complex, and has several groups of lenses.
In addition, he more sharply "draws" the image.
Therefore, you can see even the weakest parts of the highlights.
What contributes to more and more perfect (and also colored) Film of a later period.
In my photo the appearance of the "polygon" in the frame is not accidental, I tried to achieve this artistic effect when I was shooting.
The photo from Dyatlov group was made through another, simpler lens - Industar-22, which has an octahedron diaphragm.
This is what I have on the pictures of my study - same lens, even about the same years of release, «Industar-22» with aperture 1:8 is shown on the picture below.
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The shape of the diaphragm of the lens «Industar-22»
What can you find about this lens in the literature?
"It gives a very specific glare - a sharply outlined image of the diaphragm.
This is due to the fact that it has flat surfaces on the front lens and on the last component (or close to flat ones, it is difficult to obtain a technologically difficult plane, so it is made weakly convex).
Thus, the scattered light does not spread throughout the image field but concentrates in These reflections diminish the scattered light and improve tonal transmission on exactly two enlightened surfaces - as if there are gluing, which is characteristic."
Prof. D.S. Volosov, Photographic Optics, 2nd ed., Moscow:" «Art», 1978.
Well-defined facets have a glare as in the above picture, they can also be seen in the "last" photo of Dyatlov group.
Despite the blurred image.
From all that has been said, we can state that when shooting, there was a thin, non-divergent, bright beam of light.
This could only be: a ray of sun - in nature, or artificial - a laser beam. And obviously not red color, because all the films used in 1959 had a sensitivity dip in the "red" range.
Hoping for a green laser in 1959 would be too presumptuous.
Actually as a laser in general, in the same place, in that period.
There is also a completely reliable explanation of where this ray could come from.
There is an assumption that this picture was taken in the tent of the search group after the camera G. Krivonischenko was brought there.
This has already been clarified among the participants of the searches (I specified this in V.G. Karelin and P.I. Bartolomey).
The tent of their group in the region of Auspiya stood on the clearing by the entrance almost exactly to the south.
Therefore, in sunny weather, a thin ray from the sun could easily appear, which reflected from one of the numerous ice crystals (frost) formed at low negative temperatures.
In the winter of 2014 and 2015, I myself have seen many such "microchips" of ice crystals many times in the same place where the search group's tent stood in 1959.
Object №1
Object №1 (from the list), is a rectangle very close to a square.
Therefore, its original original form and image in principle can not have a different form.
In optics, there is a clear pattern in the distortion of the shape with a loss of focus - a square object, due to the loss of image clarity, can approach the shape of the circle.
But it's never the other way around.
Therefore, we can safely assume that the original object is rectangular.
And having a great brightness.
A bright spot is perceived as a source of bright light, much higher intensity, relative to the surrounding room.
And if you compare with the environment - at least more than an order of magnitude greater than any object on the frame near and more than the «exposure latitude» * of films of that period.
The room itself, where the picture was taken, is quite dark.
In any case, strongly obscured, relative to the external light background.
This object was filmed, not specifically, that is, it was not exactly shot.
From all that has been said, we can confidently assume that the «square» in the frame is the entrance to the tent that was opened.
Below it will be told where it could be with the greatest degree of probability.
And what could be this object.
* «exposure latitude» - the extent to which a light-sensitive material can be overexposed or underexposed and still achieve an acceptable result.
This measure is used for digital and analogue processes, i.e. optical microlithography or photography.
Object №3
The second, lighter than the background, but the "translucent" outline refers to «object №3».
Let's take a fragment of this image:
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Objects №1 and 3 on frame 34
It most of all resembles a translucent gaseous medium, such as steam, finely dispersed suspension or something similar.
It seems that this "something" rises upwards, since it is lighter than air in the room, and with a brightly bright light from the area «Object №1», indicated in this picture as «exit».
Most of all, this resembles a cloud of steam (as indicated in the diagram above), formed from the cold air from the street into the tent of the rescuers, in which the stove was heated.
It is moisture condensing in cold air with back light.
Such a trace is obtained by condensing water vapor inside a warm tent, when outside cold air, illuminated by the bright external light of a sunny day, bursts into the door.
This state is very typical for this kind of state of the tent.
This was constantly observed in practice under similar conditions.
There is always an excess of moisture from constantly drying clothes, and a couple, from cooking and eating food in the cold.
The necessary physical conditions for this are: - great difference in air temperatures outside and inside - the presence of a humidity level near the condensation point - excess of such moist air - open entrance (draft) - back light
All these conditions are completely characteristic for conditions of the type that were in the tent of the search group in 1959.
It is unlikely, but it is still possible that this train can be considered a reflection of light on the canopy of the wall of the tent.
But then there must be a large reflecting surface next to the entrance.
Although there is nothing surprising in the fact that there was a lot of snow around.
A few words about the general blur of the image….
Notable for this photo is also the fact that all the details of the image on it are outside the depth of field of the lens.
The last shot, judging by the complete lack of focus throughout the frame, was made on condition that the operator did not have time (or did not intend) to extend the lens barrel to the end when photographing.
Most likely, I did not have time to change the exposition.
When the tube is not fully extended, the projection image is not on the plane of the film (as in the "normal mode"), but on the plane located behind the film.
Therefore, a blurred image is obtained, and with a completely non-extended lens tube, a circle is obtained.
On the two pictures below this is clearly visible.
29516739837_a2527b989e_o.jpg
Lens tube protruding Lens tube not extended at all
The case of a completely non-extended lens is excluded, because it would produce the following image:
43545486065_cca0a6b71b_o.jpg
The image obtained with a completely non-extended lens of «Industar-22»
In Dyatlov group films there is such a frame. SKAN_6_002.jpg – scan from film №6 (this is the numbering in the initial scan).
«Industar-22» has the same optical system as its prototype «Tessar» from 1902.
29516739857_9b0824463b_o.png
Optical scheme of lenses «Industar-22» is same as «Tessar»
In order to take a picture, the lens should be pushed from the inside to the stop and fixed on the bayonet lens mount.
Bayonet lens mount - this is the type of fixation when required, push it forward and insert it into the grooves, turning it all the way to the small angle.
As will be shown in the pictures below.
43545485945_94c67fc27c_o.png
A. The lens is extended but the bayonet lock is not closed (the flange is not in the slots of the lens housing) B. The lens is extended and the bayonet lock is closed (the flange is pushed into the slots of the lens housing) C. The lens is pushed out but the bayonet lock is not closed (the flange is on top of the lens housing slots)
The difference in the installation on the bayonet in the normal and "unattended" state (the lens is pushed out, but not in the grooves, but remained behind i.e. higher - closer to the film, the bayonet lock) = 1.3 mm
The flange focal distance is the distance from the mounting flange (the metal ring on the camera and the rear of the lens) to the film plane.
In «Industar-22» this is 28.8 mm
29516740307_ccbf47d4d4_o.png
and the full focus from mark "1 м" to mark "infinity – оо" is 2.5 мм
43737173234_c45a15f0e0_o.jpg
Setting at a min distance of 1 m Max distance infinity – “оо”
i.e. "non-advancement" with incorrect installation of the bayonet lock is equal to more than half of the entire focus scale, which means that even if the distance scale of this lens was set to "infinity", in fact, the setting was approximately "2 m"
And it is possible that (in addition, or even simply without it), the distance mark was set to "minimum", for example, to "1 m".
And to the main objects of shooting was a greater distance.
29516739407_01cda79509_o.png
The pointer of the distance scale is set to 1 m
All this suggests that the defocusing was large enough, but not so that the lens would not be fully extended.
In that case, the distance to the film would be about 9-11 mm, which is 6.8 ... 7.6 times the full-scale of the focus, which would give the image of the «ring».
Hence, one can conclude that even when the aperture is closed to 8 ... 11, the depth of the Sharply Imaginary Space (FLIP) can be very small when setting the sharpness to around 1 m, i.e. the extreme left position (corresponding to the maximally extended position).
Or, which is the same thing - not fully put forward (not put on bayonet fixation).
The lens is of the same type as «Industar-22».
More accurate data can be obtained if we calculate the Depth-of-Field for the «Industar-22» lens and the apertures at the level 1: 5,6 ... 1: 8 (and near this range).
DOF tables for the «Industar-22» lens for the entire range of apertures and basic points of focusing are shown below.
30585441368_ff269b3123_o.jpg
Depth-of-Field for lenses with focal length = 50 mm (for example, «Industar-22») for apertures from 1:2 to 1:6.3 The frame marks the intervals from the minimum distance to "infinity" for each aperture value
43737172754_c2d9dabca8_o.jpg
Depth-of-Field for lenses with a focal length = 50 mm (for example, «Industar-22») for apertures from 1:8 to 1:22
The term "diaphragm" is equivalent to the concept of "relative lens opening", i.e. the ratio of the current light diameter of the diaphragm to the focal length of the lens. ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Диафрагма_объектива en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaphragm_(optics)
All modern cameras have a so-called "iris diaphragm".
Object №4
A thin strip in the form of a bend, reminiscent of the "hill" of Holatchahl, like the conspirologists like to call it, is a hair attached during storage.
It is an accidental artifact that appeared on film for many years of its movements, inspections and repackaging, which is stored in the archive of the Memorial Fund of the Dyatlov group, it is no longer there, he just stuck in the period before scanning, and then fell off.
Object №5
The rest of the film available on the modern frame is the defects of the film when it is used and stored.
The film was stored rolled up, then there is an increased danger of getting these scratches.
As far as I know, having been engaged in photography for more than 50 years (most of which are chemical photography), these are scratches when the film is twisted and stored.
Complicated by the appearance of microscopic crystals of chemical substances from time and temperature from dried photographic solutions (the smallest sharp objects, completely damaged the emulsion), which processed the film.
Well, maybe there is dust as an additional "formative".
These are so common defects that few of the qualified photographers pay attention to them on the 10th (not to mention the 50th) year of storage of films.
Moreover, these films were not stored "in science" - cut into six frames and placed in a sink, but simply rolled up and wrapped in paper ...
Object №6
This is a region of whitish exposition, in brightness less than object No. 3 and "covering" almost a half-frame - as noted above.
This is a manifestation of the fact that the lens of the lens dropped condensate when introduced from the frost into heat.
Even if the lens was rubbed, traces of this condensate still had to remain.
They gave this effect. And as it was mentioned above, on most of the images on the Internet, it was removed by means of electronic image processing (again, for example, increasing the contrast), considering it irrelevant to what was actually the case.

When was this frame shot

 

1. The shot was probably made by chance, and after all the events on 01-02.II.1959.
It is clear that it was made after Dyatlov group passed the Boot Rock, 1 km before the last place they pitched their tent. +/- 100 ... 200 m from this stone.
This is indicated by 2 previous pictures.
29516740547_dde5dfb0e0_o.jpg
43737173404_bd742c77d7_o.jpg
2. Most likely the shot is taken in the tent of rescuers between 26 ... February 27 (when the camera was brought to the searchers camp) and the day when it was sent to Ivdel with someone from the investigators, for example, L. N. Ivanov or V. I. Tempalov.
It is necessary to check when there was good sunny weather at this time, and it was quite cold.
Although these two states are compatible and completely natural for the winter conditions of February-March 1959 But the cut-off time i.e. when it could no longer be made, is very vague: it can be any time before the development of the film begins.
Even more precisely, before the film was rewound back, onto the feeding cassette.
And this could be in the searchers camp in the interval from February 26 ... 27 until March, when investigators took off with the evidence.
The next place where the camera could have been handled and there could be conditions for shooting such a frame is a small building on Ivdel airfield, where all things were brought and sorted, or other manipulations took place.
After that, the film must have been developed.
And after that, in urban conditions, it was very difficult to find a set of similar conditions.
3. The least likely it was in the morgue where the autopsy was done.
Why did I bring the last possible place?
Yes, because there is a film from the archive of L. N. Ivanov, where only the bodies in the morgue have been removed, and there is the very first frame that looks like this:
43737172994_7e36096f6b_o.jpg
The very first picture on the film of the investigation, filmed in the morgue of the city of Ivdel, when there were bodies of the first four (five) in early March 1959
The very first picture on the film of the investigation, filmed in the morgue of the city of Ivdel, when there were bodies of the first four (five) in early March 1959.
This first frame on the film photographers who provided the investigation (where all the pictures are taken exclusively in the morgue), is very similar to that last one.
By the general style, layout, shooting conditions and, most importantly, by a square bright silhouette, which very much resembles a window.
Such a combination in marching conditions is almost impossible to obtain.
The fact that he is technical is clear on all the criteria of photography: the very first, very close to the charging end, is shot at random, i.e. not caring about anything, etc.
This film has nothing to do with Dyatlov group cameras, it was shot after the bodies were taken to the morgue.
However, on this very first frame from this film there is an image that is somewhat reminiscent of what is on the "last frame" from G. Krivonischenko's film.
Apparently the shooting conditions were very similar.
In terms of the ratio of the darkness of the room and a bright fragment of a similar shape.
There is no overlap between the two photos, of course, but one can find similarities.
Once again I want to note: On this film there is nothing else but the corpses of the deceased in the morgue.
But all artifacts (a bright spot, not quite a round shape, an object in the form of a cloud of translucent consistency) are present. In any case, it has something similar ...
Most likely, an out of focus window gleams light on the walls in the dark room of the morgue.
And the frame is also "technical", i.e. made only to ensure that the film is guaranteed to be held in the camera further than the exposed charging end.
This is what photographers usually do.
Some people do this with a lid on the lens (but then there won't be any image at all), and some do it without a lid on the lens and then all that is captured in the shot is by chance, like in the photo above.

Where was the photo taken

 

"The scenery" in the photograph in question can be explained by the fact that it was shot in a room limited in size, in which there were no uniformly colored light surfaces, and some darker objects were closely located, behind a dense surface, not an open space.
1. The most likely place can be a tent of a search group in their camp on the river Auspiya.
The next photo shows the part of the door of the tent.
29516740197_189cb78f4e_o.jpg
The entrance to the tent of the search party in their camp at Auspiya, which was there between late February and late April 1959, is itself visible behind the bend figure in front of Igor Nevolin (facing us)
We can point to a number of key coincidences that can add to this assumption.
The entrance to the tent was set (direction of shooting, as well as the direction of the solar exposition) - almost strictly to the south, that's exactly the tent of rescuers in the clearing.
This information I received from V.G. Karelin back in February 2009.
And then everything coincided when I reconnaissance the location of this camp on the spot.
The fact that this is the meadow is not to be doubted.
On it, we found a large number of flat-cell batteries for a tube radio station, in August 2009.
And the orientation of the tent can also be just to the south, because in a different position, it will be quite inconvenient to place.
There they go, so differently, either the people will roll down one of the parties, or sleep "upside down", which again, it's completely inconvenient.
This same position gives the opportunity to catch a direct ray of the sun, with the appropriate weather.
2. I do not know what happened in the small building at the airfield, but it is possible that the same conditions have occurred there, purely theoretically.
3. As for the possibility of obtaining such a picture in the morgue, to what I have already said above, one can add that it is almost impossible to get there a ray that will give the image of the diaphragm. Although, judging by the frame from there a number of conditions for obtaining it are available.
Now we must point out that it is unlikely that this photo was taken directly in Dyatlov tent during all events that occurred on February 1 or 2, 1959.
  • In their tent there is no such space in which such a picture could be made. The tent was installed very low. The tent must have a height of no more than 130 ... 140 cm, which follows from the description when it was found on February 26, 1959 and the study on February 28, 1959. Ski poles had such a maximum height at that time. In addition, the entrance to the tent could not be rectangular, close to the square.
  • In those weather conditions that have been identified by the two penultimate shots - cloudy weather, limited visibility, lack of sunshine, dusk - the amount of this is not enough conditions for it to be obtained.
Let's consider the reasons why the picture could be made by chance.
  • There may be many reasons for accidental pressing of the camera button in the above described conditions, it is impossible to list everything.
  • But there is one natural instance of the shutter release. After the end of the film, it should be rolled back onto the cassette, before being removed, not "lighted", from the camera. To do this, first press the "release" button, then move to the rewind position a special lever and rewind with a special pen. In older devices, such as Dyatlov group camera «Zorki», when reinstalling the rewind lever, without this rewind the film it was impossible. If the bolt was cocked, but the button was not pressed, then it automatically descended. What kind of excerpt is this ...? And who knows ..? Most likely, it was installed before that.
43737172904_f75f58b9ce_o.jpg
The upper part of the camera is «Zorki». A red circle indicates the film rewind lever
I suspect that many connoisseurs of photography who can prove with all the calculations and calculations, as well as trumpeting their own authority, will argue that this is not usually done, especially by professionals.
Justification is simple: so, they say, the constantly cocked shutter stretches the spring of the timekeeping mechanism.
I can say with the same certainty that in all the campaigns, especially the winter ones, I have never done this.
Because the risk of losing an interesting shot was much more important than losing a few frames of the spent film.
By the way, so did many experienced tourists who were engaged in photography in campaigns at a fairly high level: A. Makletsov, A. Kolesnikov, B. Ogorodnikov, V. Shimanovskiy are only those tourists-skiers, MSU of the USSR, with whom I discussed questions photography in the ski hikes.
In fact, everything could be and even easier.
Someone from the search engines or investigators decided to just check whether the camera (camera mechanism) is in working order or not. He opened the case, cocked the bolt and pressed the trigger.
Or, someone from them just pressed "descent", that would rewind the tape back on the tape.
And these, mentioned randomnesses can be one more proof of that in this case it is a usual technical or unsuccessful random shot, which does not carry any meaning and/or mystery.

DYATLOVPASS.COM

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Twilight Sleep - Unrest

 

 

 

 

Unrest in the streets

Unrest in your mind

Unrest in the constellations

We were always the restless kind

Unrest this restless heart

With stellar circuitry

There are no accidents

There are no friendly fires

So pull out all the wires

Unrest this restless heart

With stellar circuitry

The nights are getting longer

The days are getting colder

Remember when you told her

The time for growing older

Was not tonight or ever

So hush the signifier

And pull out all the wires

Pull out all the wires

Pull out all the wires

Disobey the future whispers only

Harm the ones

Who listen

We can stop the oxidation

Disobey the future whispers

Only harm the ones who listen

We can stop the oxidation

One task to remove the lines

Another to erase the signs

So many ways to kill the time

We have to kill the time

And pull out all the wires

Pull out all the wires

Pull out all the wires

Electric currents plan to

Outsmart mother nature

Disobey the future whispers only

Harm the ones

Who listen

We can stop the oxidation

Disobey the future whispers

Only harm the ones who listen

We can stop the oxidation

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  • fortyck zmienił(a) tytuł na Tragedia na Przełęczy Diatłowa (1 luty 1959 r.)
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