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Tragedia na Przełęczy Diatłowa (1 luty 1959 r.)


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The day Russia nuked itself: The Kyshtym disaster
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The Kyshtym disaster was a radioactive contamination accident that occurred on 29 September 1957 at Mayak, a plutonium production site for nuclear weapons and nuclear fuel reprocessing plant in the Soviet Union.
It measured as a Level 6 disaster on the International Nuclear Event Scale (INES), making it the third most serious nuclear accident ever recorded, behind the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster and the Chernobyl disaster (both Level 7 on the INES).
The event occurred in the town of Ozyorsk, Chelyabinsk Oblast, a closed city built around the Mayak plant.
Since Ozyorsk/Mayak (named Chelyabinsk-40, then Chelyabinsk-65, until 1994) was not marked on maps, the disaster was named after Kyshtym, the nearest known town.
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After World War II, the Soviet Union lagged behind the US in development of nuclear weapons, so it started a rapid research and development program to produce a sufficient amount of weapons-grade uranium and plutonium.
The Mayak plant was built in haste between 1945 and 1948.
Gaps in Soviet physicists' knowledge about nuclear physics at the time made it difficult to judge the safety of many decisions.
Environmental concerns were not taken seriously during the early development stage.
Initially Mayak was dumping high-level radioactive waste into a nearby river, which flowed to the river Ob, flowing further down to the Arctic Ocean.
All six reactors were on Lake Kyzyltash and used an open cycle cooling system, discharging contaminated water directly back into the lake.
When Lake Kyzyltash quickly became contaminated, Lake Karachay was used for open-air storage, keeping the contamination a slight distance from the reactors but soon making Lake Karachay the "most polluted spot on Earth".
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A storage facility for liquid nuclear waste was added around 1953.
It consisted of steel tanks mounted in a concrete base, 8.2 meters underground.
Because of the high level of radioactivity, the waste was heating itself through decay heat (though a chain reaction was not possible).
For that reason, a cooler was built around each bank containing 20 tanks.
Facilities for monitoring operation of the coolers and the content of the tanks were inadequate.
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Explosion

 

In 1957 the cooling system in one of the tanks containing about 70–80 tons of liquid radioactive waste failed and was not repaired.
The temperature in it started to rise, resulting in evaporation and a chemical explosion of the dried waste, consisting mainly of ammonium nitrate and acetates (see ammonium nitrate/fuel oil bomb).
The explosion, on 29 September, 1957, estimated to have a force of about 70–100 tons of TNT, threw the 160-ton concrete lid into the air.
There were no immediate casualties as a result of the explosion, but it released an estimated 20 MCi (800 PBq) of radioactivity.
Most of this contamination settled out near the site of the accident and contributed to the pollution of the Techa River, but a plume containing 2 MCi (80 PBq) of radionuclides spread out over hundreds of kilometers.
Previously contaminated areas within the affected area include the Techa river which had previously received 2.75 MCi (100 PBq) of deliberately dumped waste, and Lake Karachay which had received 120 MCi (4,000 PBq).
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In the next 10 to 11 hours, the radioactive cloud moved towards the north-east, reaching 300–350 kilometers from the accident.
The fallout of the cloud resulted in a long-term contamination of an area of more than 800 to 20,000 square kilometers (depending on what contamination level is considered significant), primarily with caesium-137 and strontium-90.
This area is usually referred to as the East-Ural Radioactive Trace (EURT).
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Evacuation

 

At least 22 villages were exposed to radiation from the disaster, with a total population of around 10,000 people evacuated.
Some were evacuated after a week but it took almost 2 years for evacuations to occur at other sites.
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Aftermath

 

Vague reports of a "catastrophic accident" causing "radioactive fallout over the Soviet and many neighboring states" began appearing in the western press between 13 and 14 April 1958, and the first details emerged in the Viennese paper Die Presse on 17 March 1959.
But it was only in 1976 that Zhores Medvedev made the nature and extent of the disaster known to the world.
In the absence of verifiable information, exaggerated accounts of the disaster were given.
People "grew hysterical with fear with the incidence of unknown 'mysterious' diseases breaking out.
Victims were seen with skin 'sloughing off' their faces, hands and other exposed parts of their bodies."
Medvedev's description of the disaster in the New Scientist was initially derided by western nuclear industry sources, but the core of his story was soon confirmed by Professor Leo Tumerman, former head of the Biophysics Laboratory at the Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology in Moscow.
The true number of fatalities remains uncertain because radiation-induced cancer is clinically indistinguishable from any other cancer, and its incidence rate can only be measured through epidemiological studies.
One book claims that "in 1992, a study conducted by the Institute of Biophysics at the former Soviet Health Ministry in Chelyabinsk found that 8,015 people had died within the preceding 32 years as a result of the accident."
By contrast, only 6,000 death certificates have been found for residents of the Techa riverside between 1950 and 1982 from all causes of death, though perhaps the Soviet study considered a larger geographic area affected by the airborne plume.
The most commonly quoted estimate is 200 deaths due to cancer, but the origin of this number is not clear.
More recent epidemiological studies suggest that around 49 to 55 cancer deaths among riverside residents can be associated to radiation exposure.
This would include the effects of all radioactive releases into the river, 98% of which happened long before the 1957 accident, but it would not include the effects of the airborne plume that was carried north-east.
The area closest to the accident produced 66 diagnosed cases of chronic radiation syndrome, providing the bulk of the data about this condition.
To reduce the spread of radioactive contamination after the accident, contaminated soil was excavated and stockpiled in fenced enclosures that were called "graveyards of the earth".
The Soviet government in 1968 disguised the EURT area by creating the East Ural Nature Reserve, which prohibited any unauthorised access to the affected area.
According to Gyorgiy, who invoked the Freedom of Information Act to gain access to the relevant Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) files, the CIA knew of the 1957 Mayak accident since 1959, but kept it secret to prevent adverse consequences for the fledgling American nuclear industry.
Starting in 1989 the Soviet government gradually declassified documents pertaining to the disaster.

Current situation

 

The level of radiation in Ozyorsk itself at about 0.1 mSv a year is claimed to be safe for humans, but the area of the EURT is still heavily contaminated with radioactivity.
Because of the secrecy surrounding Mayak, the populations of affected areas were not initially informed of the accident.
A week later (on 6 October) an operation for evacuating 10,000 people from the affected area started, still without giving an explanation of the reasons for evacuation.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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The Mayak nuclear plant in the Southern Urals was the Soviet Union's primary nuclear complex built after the Second World War and included a set of plutonium production reactors, fuel production facilities, and reprocessing and waste storage buildings.

 

From the start of its operation, the nuclear plant faced many problems related to the lack of health and safety measures.

 

On September 29, 1957 one of the Mayak plant’s cooling systems failed and a storage tank with radioactive liquid waste exploded. Out of 270,000 directly affected people, only 11,000 were evacuated, which took more than two years.

 

This nuclear accident was evaluated to be the third in its magnitude after Chernobyl and Fukushima, however it was kept in secret for 20 years.

 

Besides pollution from the accident, between 1948 and 1956 radioactive waste from the nuclear plant was poured directly into the Techa River, a source of drinking water for 124,000 people.

 

In addition, the Russian Government has adopted legislation to import spent nuclear fuel from other countries, reprocess and store it permanently in the Mayak plant.

 

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Written by Galina Sazonova.
This is part of a much longer conversation.

Graffiti in header by Banksy
Considerations
1) a "secret" was created back in 1959, and the state used large resources to find the group.
This was especially true of the last four, "by all means, do not stop searching".
And our state was always worried about global problems and never worried about the lives of individual people and groups, many died before that, and after that there were many (and in the same UPI), but the effort was never this massive.
2) this "secret" still exist, which follows from some archival issues.
Well, we know for sure that there are still documents, we know where they are and we know that they are still classified under the heading of secrecy.
And no appeals to the SC and the prosecutor’s office help to declassify these documents.
I'm talking about party archives now.
What could be the reason for such a long state secret?
Only issues of national security and defense.
But at the same time, we have already declassified all military documents (defense, test version), we have already admitted how in 1954 they dropped an atomic bomb over troops and villages to see “what will happen”, we have already declassified the failed tests at Baykonur, when people died (rocket exploded at the launch pad), including General Nedelin.
What is the reason to maintain in secret the deaths of the 9 hikers?
All launches are already described, tests too.
Therefore, I exclude the interests of the Ministry of Defense.
What's left?
The interests of the state and its security, what the KGB did.
And, agree, such an event should be significant and major.
What was going on in the world in general at that time?
We had a Kyshtym disaster in 1957.
And the most interesting thing about it is that the accident was recognized by USSR only in the mid-90s, 40 years after the fact.
But the causes of the catastrophe have not yet been published.
All investigation documents are classified to this day and until the 1990s information about the accident could only be found from CIA sources.
In them the accident is not as big as Chernobyl, it is attributed to negligence.
They don’t make movies about it, and in whole is hardly known to the general public.
And now I’ll try to explain to you in few words, what did Kyshtym mean at that time.
The nuclear project was officially launched by the parties around 1942 — by us, the Germans and the Americans.
Moreover, the Germans in some respects were far ahead of us and the Americans.
Their problem (to our delight) was that they initially took the path of not creating weapons (Hitler was strange, he believed in mysticism and did not really believe in science), but to create reactors as sources of energy.
They tried to create nuclear submarines even then, which would bring their fleet very forward.
And only towards the very end of the war, perhaps they tested the first bomb (no one has documented this).
The Americans and we went just the other way - the weapons are more important, then we will negotiate.
But for weapons is needed weapons-grade plutonium, and we need a lot. It is one thing to theoretically calculate, and another thing to push 10 megatons of plutonium into a bomb.
So - our and the American problem was that we did not know how to create a bomb, but not where to get so much plutonium.
With the Germans was the other way around: they had already produced a large amount of radioactive substance.
Do you know why we so “anxiously” agreed with the Americans/British how to divide the territory of Germany, when it was already clear that its capture was a matter of time?
We looked in what areas and cities where there were German research institutes and reactors.
And on the still German territory, sabotage American and Soviet special groups were operating, competing in the extraction of documents, equipment, the capture of specialists, and most importantly, the already existing plutonium.
Now in the US, data is published that the first two American bombs were created precisely from German plutonium.
And the US went ahead of us.
Still, we suffered much more during the war, and short-sightedly many scientists were incarcerated in 1937, or even shot.
Our nuclear project went in two directions - solve the problems yourself and "cheat".
Surely you know that the structure of the atomic bomb was "leaked" to the Soviets by the Rosenbergs.
But... again.
To make one or two bombs scare it and show that we know how to make them.
But these are single copies, not mass production, to launch a nuclear arms race.
And the mass production of plutonium in large volumes is not about getting it in small quantities in laboratories.
The whole process consists of three parts A) enrichment of natural ore and production of weapons-grade plutonium B) separation of pure weapons-grade plutonium from ore and purification from impurities; and C) charge formation.
In Kyshtym all three plants were built, and they were called with the same spelling.
Plant A (reactors), Plant B (separation) and Plant C (charge formation).
And we built this complex just a few years after the Americans. But even these few years are disadvantage.
And here we have the same dilemma - do we build it ourselves or "look over the fence"?
And it turns out we cheated.
The plutonium separation plant (plant B) was an almost complete copy of the American first such plant, Hanford Site.
And so the identical copy that we created repeated all their technological mistakes and short-sights.
For example, there was a problem with the wastes storage.
Nobody then imagined how far the race would go and what the consequences of all this were.
Moreover, this plant turned out to be not powerful enough.
We have already launched a lot of reactors, the charge was formed well, but the release of plutonium from the ore was like a bottleneck in an hourglass.
Therefore, very quickly we began to think over the construction of the second plant B, and taking into account all the errors and minuses of the first plant and much more powerful one.
At its launch, we would be ahead of the United States in the annual production of radioactive elements.
And they began to build it right there, in Kyshtym, near the first plant B.
Now lets see if for the USA stand point.
There is a cold war and an arms race.
They know the situation with our facilities and everything about the plants.
At least in the reports of that period there is an excellent aerial photo with all soviet nuclear plans.
They also know that Plant B is a copy of their Hanford Site. And they also know that construction is underway, which at the end will strongly push us forward.
What do you think, if they disable the only plant and stop the construction, what would be the result of the cold war?
We will have to start all over again, and this will take years.
The most popular version (including by the Americans) of the catastrophe in Kyshtym is the explosion of a waste storage facility.
Plutonium was already being delivered from there, but still enough radioactive elements remained in these wastes to make everything go to hell.
Both we and the Americans, having twin plants, faced with the problem of storing these wastes, and very much watched each other who will come first with a solution to the problem.
To stabilize these wastes (so as not to explode themselves), certain chemicals were added to them.
Moreover, at first, the effect of these substances was calculated in a laboratory.
There were several options.
I don’t want to go into deep chemistry now.
In short, in a laboratory in the USA, while testing these stabilizers, they suddenly got a big explosion out of the blue.
It turned out that separately two substances are good, but together they get the opposite effect.
We did not have time for experiments, our intelligence reported that a large amount was brought to the Hanford Site from both substances. So did we.
Then it turned out that both were never used in the USA, and we got the Kyshtym disaster.
You may laugh at this scenario, but I didn’t come up with it, it’s described in Los Alamos report for the CIA.
On United States behalf there could have been at least a deliberate misinformation, intentionally leading to the tragedy.
But in fact, it’s not very clear at all, because there seems to be some mentioning of interference with the system for monitoring the stability of the waste.
In conclusion, we got a disaster on the scale of Chernobyl and Fukushima.
The old plant and the construction site of the new plant were completely radioactively contaminated as they were built close.
The construction site was infected even more than the old plant.
The USA could rejoice and open the champagne.
But alas.
They did not take into account the lack for respect of human life in the USSR.
The price of life was zero.
Neither the operation of the old factory nor the construction of a new one stopped their work for a single day.
Inmates and soldiers were brought to clean.
The USA could not foresee and understand this, their intelligence began to wonder "what are the Russians up to".
To be continued
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Galina Sazonova

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Meeting with M. P. Sharavin
Transcript of the conversation with the representative of the "CENTER for Civil Investigation of the Dyatlov Tragedy" Elder (AK) and the representative of the "Dyatlov Foundation" Y. Kuntsevich (YK) with rescuer M. Sharavin (MSh) 15 Feb 2007
AK: What date were you dropped off at what place?
MSh: On Otorten, on the 23rd at the end of the day.
In the afternoon near Otorten.
AK: Near Otorten, where: how far, how high?
MSh: Right on a slope above the forest, but not far, somewhere 300 meters above the tree line, on a place like that (map, photo-1)
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photo-1
MSh: On a flat ground.
By this time, in my opinion, Sogrin or Akselrod, one of them, had already gone up the mountain and we already had information that there was nobody there, because while we were still in the air, we were flying here because there was still no information about whether they were on the mountain or not.
So when they arrived, and were expecting two more flights, first one group, then the second, and in this period they climbed the mountain and ...
AK: So they landed earlier?
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MSh: I think that Sogrin was investigating these spurs.
His group went here. (map, photo-2)
I think they most likely went on Otorten ... Yura (Yudin) told me that Sogrin went here.
They went up here and we had information that ... this means that the first group landed.
AK: Here Akselrod wrote himself…
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photo-2
MSh: Akselrod went there on the mountain.
They didn’t go further with us, if it’s Axelrod, then they went up.
And then they had a different route and they generally didn’t participate in our group with Slobtsov.
In our group were Halizov, Krotov, I have a list…
Added later:
Navig: You were in a group with Halizov and Krotov?
Who else?
MSh: Slobtsov, Krotov and Yuri Koptelov, there were more of us, but I don’t remember everyone now.
I have a record of it.
Everybody from the group is there.
MSh: There were at least 6 people.
Navig: You and Slobtsov were you in one group?
MSh: Yes.
He was the leader of the group.
Y.Koptelov was also in our group.
Navig: And Ivan, the firefighter, was he also with you?
MSh: No.
There were two in our group.
They joined in Ivdel.
This Ivan and another one.
Navig: So Ivan and the fireman are different people?
MSh: Yes.
Navig: You have the addresses of Halizov and Krotov?
MSh: No.
Krotov is no longer alive.
I have an address for Koptelov.
AK: Were you briefed about the search, i.e. given any instructions, in the city or in the helicopter, or on the spot?
MSh: No, there were no instructions in the city.
We just got together in the city... and we gathered for like half a day, i.e. quickly.
We didn't really need much preparation, because we had just returned from a trip and were physically ready and had our equipment with us.
Well, maybe we came back two days earlier, now I don’t remember exactly, but we just got back form a trip.
There was no briefing.
Added later:
Navig: You did not have any instruction, from the prosecutor's office or anybody else?
MSh: No.
Navig: But according to the rules, you should have been given instructions because you could have messed up everything at the scene?
MSh: They followed this case behind the scenes.
We had a suspicion that one of the men who was sent to us in the capacity of a guide, was clearly not performing accordingly.
This is how they tried to influence.
This is why Yuri had the idea that while we found the tent and the first bodies of the 27th, someone visited the site besides us.
For example, the brown blanket that was covering the bodies was no longer there.
We claim that they were covered with a brown blanket, and then it disappeared, it turned out to be in the tent.
It was at cedar and then ended up in a tent.
And when they began to sort things out in the tent and found it there.
Who moved it there?
MSh: In the afternoon of the 23rd we flew out.
So, on the eve of 22, we flew with an An airplane from Sverdlovsk to Ivdel, spent the night there, waited half a day for the helicopter, the weather was bad, on the evening of 23 we flew out.
On the 23rd we spent our first night on Lozva, because in the afternoon we walked a bit, the next day we walked down Lozva and began to cross into the Auspiya valley; it's the 24th.
On the 25th we went skiing.
We did not go down to Auspiya.
They walked along the left bank.
We crossed their ski track and found it, on the evening of this day it was was our third night.
It was already the 25th, so we arrived.
YK: To the cache site (labaz - ed. note)?
MSh: No, not that day.
On this day we settled.
On the 25th we spent the night, on the 26th we went on a radial search.
Went, in my opinion, on 3 routes.
Here we are, with Slobtsov and with the guide, we went up the Auspiya, along the track directly along theirs, went to the pass and 26th found a tent.
The rest of the groups... there were two more groups, they went somewhere…
YK: Who was there from the guides?
MSh: A fireman.
I forgot my last name.
YK: Mansi?
MSh: No there was no Mansi yet.
On the 26th what happened is that on the 26th we found the tent and we quickly returned on our old ski track to our camp and when we arrived, literally a few hours before this, the Mansi group had arrived.
They dragged one of his sick fellows on hides, he got sick on the road, the radio operator came with them, and in my opinion right there and then, in the evening radio report, it was announced that the tent was found.
We discussed our actions for the next day the 27th.
Since it was known that there was nobody in the tent, that they had gone down to the slope to Lozva, we coordinated with Maslennikov, that we would go early in the morning with Yuri Koptelov down Lozva river valley to choose a place for a camp, since the guys went there, it is necessary to look, clearly, in the direction of Lozva and we had to choose a place, but still remained to collect the tent.
We didn’t cross over the pass, we climbed not along the old track, but a little to the right, through height 880.
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It remained to the right, but at the same time we went to the right of the remnant (the memorial - ed. note).
If you look here, this pass ... further to the south .... here is the pass, here is the mountain ... from here, it says 880 on these maps.
They say that the altitudes have changed since.
Here it the 880.
Here somewhere is the remnant... we’re probably literally... or maybe, since we got up from there (map), we even like that ...
Because we went down in that direction. when we climbed here began to look down, it became clear that there ... there weren’t such birch trees yet, like now, after 48 years - everything is overgrown with birch trees, but then this cedar stood out very well, it was like some kind of that hillock.
Such a little mound but it stood out very prominently, so we went there right away.
We arrived at the cedar and then found them.
Because there the snow was swept out under the cedar and it was very clear, the undergrowth was small, there was a lot of snow, the bushes were visible and we were skiing down (map), these bushes were not in the way.
AK: Who found them?
Because in one book it says that you and Slobtsov show up later, when the bodies were already found?
MSh: In one book it says that we didn’t find the cedar, but allegedly Brusnitsyn with someone, this can't be true, because it is not something that you forget, we were the first to go together, there was nobody else there, with Yuri Koptelov.
We walked side by side, went down together and literally 10 meters, or 15, before reaching the cedar, we saw something black, because the blanket was on top, it was not covered, it stood out.
We approach and immediately... then we began to observe.
We see traces of the fire, and the fire was on the same side [of the cedar] from which the guys were lying, and some branches were broken, we could see this.
See here is this book... in the dictionary it says: “Cedar is an eternally green tree.
Under a huge cedar growing on the slope of the mountain on February 26” - this is wrong, it was not the 26th, but the 27th,- "Slobtsov discovered two bodies."
Slobtsov was not here on the 26th.
We found the tent with him, this is the day before.
And this happened on the 27th and we were with Yuri Koptelov.
YK: And went to report right away?
MSh: Then we threw our backpacks here and began to climb.
Yurii went along our track to meet the guys to inform them, and I went to the remnant, because the helicopter flew in.
A helicopter brought guides, dog trainers with dogs, so I met them and gave them information.
AK: And the fire, what kind of traces did you see?
MSh: The logs were simply unburnt, mostly branches of such a thickness (shows) broken from the cedar, the traces from where they were broken were clearly visible.
Here are some ends like this. Here it burned ... it’s clear that no one even mended to the fire, otherwise, if someone was watching the fire, he would have have shifted and rushed the logs to burn…
YK: So once they started the fire…
MSh: This means the fire stop burning when there were no more people around.
No one was watching.
Well, there were not many unburnt firewood.
There were not many, maybe ... five like that.
But we immediately noticed that Doroshenko, especially his hands were black up to his elbows, and it’s not just brown, as many have observed there, his face is a little brown in color, as if exposure from a flash of fuel is possible, but he clearly had ... that he was trying to warm them, it was clearly... a fire.
We immediately noted that his hands were frostbitten to such an extent that he did not feel anything, when he was still trying to warm them.
Some impression that the slightly unburnt skin was already black ...
This is (photo-3) at the very spot.
You can see that there were some branches chopped off.
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photo-3
AK: Was there any brushwood?
MSh: We did not see any brushwood.
AK: You did not see any laying around?
MSh: The brushwood could be a little further away and covered with snow, maybe, or we were then not up to a careful study of this whole scene, i.e. we noted that at the first moment everything there was to notice.
Later on one could thing of inaccuracies, but these are the most basic facts.
Added later:
Navig: And what was the thickness of the branches in the fire under the cedar?
MSh: Up to 50 mm
Navig: Were they broken off or coul dyou see cuts on them?
MSh: Broken off, traces of an ax or knife on them were not visible.
Navig: How far from the cedar was the fire?
MSh: The fire was next to the cedar, about 50 cm.
Navig: Was it on top of the snow or was it covered in snow?
MSh: There was wind and the place was swept and everything was blown off.
You could se the logs.
Navig: But the bodies were also near the cedar?
MSh: They were within 2.5 m from the cedar, on the same side where the fire was near the cedar.
They lay.
Navig: From the side of the tent?
MSh: No, on the opposite side, in the direction of the place where they found the rest in the ravine.
And the fire was behind the cedar if you look from the side of the tent.
And this is due to the fact that the wind then blew from the side of the tent and cedar protected from wind.
Navig: And who could cover them with a blanket?
MSh: Now, if we stick to our version, then we believed that Kolevatov, who was still alive, covered them, but Yuri believes that there may be groups that worked there to clean up, if we concider this version and maybe they were covered after they died.
Although there are many perplexing questions because there are injuries incompatible with life just for the guys below.
Navig: А вот про ледоруб, это все-таки был их ледоруб или нет?
MSh: The ice ax was definitely theirs.
Navig: In the tent, quilted jackets were under the blankets or on top?
MSh: The quilted jackets were under the covers, first the skis lay below, then the backpacks, then the quilted jackets, then the blankets.
Navig: Were the blankets spread out or crumpled?
MSh: No, they were spread out.
When we initially made our way in, we removed the snow, of course we did not completely clear it.
AK: And the screen?
What is it?
MSh: Screen?
The window you mean.
We didn't notice it then, it was noted and carefully examined only later.
It is at a sufficient height, not less than 4-5 meters, broken branches and now the ends of the broken branches are visible.
When we were in 2001, we noticed and photographed it.
This is the cleared space from the branches.
To be seen.
That it was directed towards the tent and, most likely, was used in order to see what was going on there.
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Window in the cedar
AK: The window is meant.
Then we did not notice it, then it is already noted, later, when we carefully examined it.
But this is at a sufficient height, not less than 4-5 meters, broken branches and now the ends of the broken branches are visible.
When we were in 2001, we noticed and photographed it.
This is the cleared space from the branches.
To be see through.
It was directed towards the tent and, most likely, was used in order to see what was going on there.
MSh: For a fire, no one will climb to such a height to break off branches for a fire, when branches remained lower; the same trunk was two and a half meters bare, that is, it was broken off.
Then, a row of branches.
And already much higher, branches for this window are broken.
I.e. it is obvious that it was used for surveillance.
Nothing else could be seen from there.
It turns out, most likely, I am inclined to the fact that it was one of them who made the observation window.
Someone could have had enough strength.
I don't think it was an outsider, it seems to me - no ...
But who could have remained so strong?
Only Kolevatov, maybe?
YK: But where to get strength in such cold, barefoot, stripped and without gloves...
AK: And after you found the bodies at the cedar, did you go up to the tent?
MSh: At first we climbed in our ski track, and then went to the remnant.
Without reaching the remnant about 30 meters away the helicopter landed.
There is a pass, and the remnant is not at the pass itself, it is somewhat lower, 50 meters towards Auspiya.
There is an elevated place, the helicopter landed at the very transit point, close to the remnant.
When we were meeting someone or taking off ourselves, the helicopter always stopped behind the remnant, as if at a transit point, closer to Lozva than to Auspiya.
Usually this is the most convenient place, the platform is even, and the aircraft needs to land on a even surface.
AK: And what was the state of snow on the slope and above?
YK: Where did the soft snow begin?
MSh: At the remnant the snow was already with a crust.
There wasn't much snow there, we went skiing just as you go along, you push off with poles, there was solid snow, it froze and was swept out there.
And in the direction of the tent we walked through snowy meadows.
That is, there was no loose snow in this whole place.
When we approached the tent, when we saw it and turned, the snow was already dense.
And when we discovered the footprints, they were as if on pillars, that is, as if all the loose snow had been blown out, blown away by the wind.
The soft snow had hardened underfoot and when the wind blew away the loose snow the footprint remained a little higher.
As on platforms.
There were impression.
It is not what happens on firn snow, let’s say that they were embossed.
The snow is blown out so that they remain like pillars, a little higher series of tracks ...
The tracks began about 8 (eight) meters from the tent, but no further. Immediately behind the tent, this is how the wind acts... it blows away the snow behind the barrier, then the snow rises a little ... and as soon as it rises a little, then traces began to be visible.
Both in front and next to the tent, especially from the side of the entrance - everything was blown out there.
On the other hand, from the side opposite the entrance, and from the side of the mountain or the slope - the was no such clearance and the snow went smoothly into the tent - and continues smoothly further down the slope.
There is such an interesting place.
AK: Where was the tent on the slope?
MSh: Is it at a height of 1079? ...
You see, here there is this elevation to the right and the stone ridge is coming.
This place looks, most likely, as such a corridor ...
After all, you have summer photos ...
Somewhere in this part, most likely, you need to look for a place for a tent.
When we took pictures ... you don’t have those photos? ... Yuri brought ...
AK: Here is the ridge...
MSh: Well, this ridge ... well, we found here in this area, we determined a place ...
If you look from the side down, the ridge remained on our left.
There, further down, there was a number of such ridges... and not far from this ridge, well, about 20 meters, somewhere in this part ...
Let's compare the photographs ...
Something in like a recess is formed in this place (photo-4).
It’s like a place fell on the sidelines of such a ...
And when we began to examine the vegetation in the places where it had already grown, it turned out that all these small birches from the side of the slope were torn everywhere.
They all have their bark peeled ...
That is, there at some time, I don’t know when, but the snow was moving ... by the wind?
xGk7kow.jpg
photo-4
Added later:
Navig: You talked about ragged birches and cedars.
They grew up near the tent?
MSh: I mean, birch trees peeled were like from avalanches, where snow went down.
They grew up in the place where the tent was.
But then when we found the tent everything was under the snow and there was none of this, but when we flew in the spring, these birches had already melted and we carefully examined them.
From the side of the slope, i.e. from the side of possible avalanches, all these birch trees had their bark peeled off.
Navig: And in the area of the cedar, was there something of the kind?
MSh: No, there wasn't.
AK: Still moving?
MSh: Well, it’s not even entirely possible to be blown away ...
Tattered so intensely, and the direction is the same, from the slope.
But this direction of the prevailing winds is the same ...
They all have bark from the side of the slope stripped, and birches, and small cedars ...
AK: But is the guys walking down the slope?
Down straight to the cedar?
seIy1AL.jpg
photo-5
MSh: Yes.
In the direction of the guys.
This is a general slope there and the direction, if you look from the side of the stripped branches, it will just be the direction there ...
You can look in a different way, in another photo ... (photo-5).
This is this elevation and this is elevation - they determined the width of this recess.
And the tent ...
That is, we first found an approximate place where the tent could have been and began to investigate, and it turned out that these were shores, and there was a hollow ...
And of course, if in May it was like this leveled, then when we found a tent, there was much more snow here, because there were no bald patches anywhere, it was covered.
And I didn’t measure, but the snow there, in these places, was not less than a meter or more ...
And therefore the impression that this area did not look at all like that, it was as if elevated.
This place looked elevated and the tent turned out to be to some extent on the transition: slope, then a platform, and then there is a decline again. (draws a map).
But where there is a tent, this platform was not in a valley, not buried in the snow.
The tent was even a little higher.
That is, here, perhaps, it is quite possible that there was some movement of snow, a heap ...
That is, now, when we were looking for this place, I was guided...,
I was just guided by what?
I focused approximately on the direction where we went.
We went with a certain purpose.
We went to the nearest hill, which means a crossroads, to look in the direction of Otorten, because the guide told us that there, they say, there is a lake where there are landslides, the cliff is pretty steep, that the deer graze there, you look from above, and they are like mittens...
That is, we decided to go in the direction of this cliff.
Therefore, we moved there, and when we moved in this direction, we walked like this to the left ... and about 50 meters to the left we found the tent.
It’s like we’re going from here to there, here - and to the left of the slope we found a tent, about 50 meters... we saw the top of the tent (photo-6).
Because only the top was sticking out.
sdQ0h3W.jpg
photo-6
AK: Here is a photo of the tent (photo-7).
What had changed compared with what you saw the first time?
zXnuBvV.jpg
photo-7
MSh: Well, here, here, after being raked, here...
AK: Was snow piled on top of the tent?
A lot?
MSh: Now it seems to me that this was the entrance ... if it wasn’t the ski again and it was those skis, then there were skis at the entrance.
At the entrance.
And on the opposite side there seemed to be sticks, but there were no skis ...
Most likely this is not the entrance, I think so ... (photo-8).
And the fact that there is a pile of snow on this side - that was it.
The entrance was higher, it was tied to skiing, and only one entrance was visible.
Only one entrance was visible, and it was as it were ...
I think this is this photograph after they worked well here.
Well, first of all, we worked with Slobtsov, trying to dig it up.
We found an ice ax and broke all the snow on top and cut through the skate of the tent ... this is the damage that we partially inflicted on it ... we needed to get to the inside and make sure that nobody was there.
And since it was not just that te tent lay there, unhinged, covered with snow, we couldn't tell if there is somebody inside...
When we found it, here, one end was raised, and covered.
Here you see snow is piled all around, this is due to the fact that the tent was dug up [and the snow was piled up around it]...
4nOinvx.jpg
photo-8
AK: And who in the photo is not clear here?
And who took the picture?
MSh: It’s not clear... this is when we took it apart...
There were quite a lot of people...
AK: And there the prosecutor’s filmed anything at all?
Was there an expert photographer?
MSh: I don't think so.
We didn't work on the tent with Ivanov.
He showed up later.
AK: With Korotaev?
MSh: Yes.
Well, when we took it apart, the picture had completely changed.
All the snow was cleared, the tent was dismantled and everything moved to a flooring and began to sort it out ... there was generally a leveled area ... two days passed ... then they worked so hard in this place that no forensic investigators like that this case is not being investigated ...
And who has been there these days?
Many have visited to see what is what...
Now, is they fenced it like this, there wouldn't be a single trace at all...
AK: After you found the tent, almost all the groups were around?
MSh: Probably, during ... if we were sorting it on the 28th till the end of the day, then the first ones started the search, went down, they went clearly from the tent.
The first ones I met were the guides, I showed them the tent and they followed in the footsteps down - and traces could be added and everything that is not there...
From the point of view that it is necessary to obtain information, we didn't see things through back then...
I have to admit that we didn't mark in any way where the tent was...
It was described, Maslennikov described there ... it can only be judged indirectly.
It indicates the height and approximate distance from the top.
It seems to me that this distance is far from accurate ... there it says 300 meters.
But what are 300 meters?
It seems to me much further ... to me it seems that here could be 300 m from the foothill, but not from the top.
YK: Maslennikov's notebook is now in Karelin?
Added later:
Navig: Do you have Maslennikov’s diary?
There is information that it is and is not published.
MSh: No, no.
Maslennikov died, and probably handed it to someone.
BGi7a0J.jpg
Slope of height 1079 in 2001. The red flag marks the place of the tent according to M. Sharavin
MSh: Yuri has some of his notes... at least testimonies or something ... a record, because from there I remember that the height is indicated not so... at intervals, approximate height ...
There was no satellite navigation system, so that this point could be fixed to the nearest meter, and then recorded.
Then it would be possible to find it again.
Now there is this point that we noted, and it can be found.
Nowadays the point we found with the guys was recorded using the satellite system.
That is, it can be found where we have now identified the place.
At the very least, we can compare records with the originals ones: how did we get to this point.
Because then they also evaluated there for a reason, but looked at the map where the horizontal heights are.
I think that's how they defined it.
AK: When the tent was first discovered, what things did you notice when you got inside?
They talk about a windbreaker, a flashlight ... slippers?
MSh: From this point of view, there is one, let’s assume, by the way...
This is what Matveeva describes, she very closely describes how I present the case, except for one thing: she writes that they found a log there.
It was not logged, but a stove filled with firewood.
There was not a single log laying around, but the stove, such a small one there, it was completely clogged with firewood.
That is, they expected to warm up, they simply did not lit it.
No firewood was pulled from the stove...
YK: It says about the time [they had]...
MSh: It was standing near the entrance.
What did we first saw when we approached the tent: a pair of skis that stood upright in the snow at the entrance.
In my opinion, the entrance was even tied ...
Skis stood, an ice ax stuck at the entrance.
They didn’t notice anything else on the ground.
When they began to disassemble the tent, we found a stove, a camera, a flask with alcohol, loin... it somehow seemed to be not in the package, but it scattered...
Well, I don’t remember the items...
Added later:
Navig: About the ice ax, was it their ice ax or not?
MSh: The ice ax was definitely theirs.
MSh: It seems to me that things weren’t lying around like that, especially since they didn’t notice anything near the tent.
At the floor everything was laid so carefully, nothing was turned upside down, they were just preparing for an overnight stay, nothing was amiss.
Skis, quilted jackets lay down there ... backpacks, then quilted jackets ... blankets were spread like this ...
So, what did we find?
We didn’t even make out this far corner, it was so caved in... we looked at this part.
Flashlight?
Well, Slobtsov says that we found a flashlight there on the top ...
Most likely, this was the case, but somehow I did not remember this. ...
All that I say is reliable.
We took the camera down with us, a flask ... we drank it immediately that same night when we went back to the camp.
And there was nothing more to say.
Added later:
Navig: And we just came to the blankets.
Were the blankets were woolen or cotton?
MSh: No, cotton.
These blankets were student blankets from the dormitory, they were all cotton.
Navig: Still on the tent, quilted jackets were under blankets or on top?
MSh: The quilted jackets were under the covers, first the skis lay below, then the backpacks, then the quilted jackets, then the blankets.
Navig: Were the blankets spread out or crumpled?
MSh: No, they were spread out.
When we initially cut our way in, we removed the snow, of course we did not completely clear it.
AK: Was there anyone from the prosecutor's office in the searches?
In the groups first probably?
Or did Ivanov come later?
MSh: No, no one from the prosecutor’s office was there. For example, we had two people in the group...
AK: What about other organizations?
MSh: ...One of them - we suspect that he was involved with the organs.
He always walked with a camera on his chest...
AK: And you were not allowed to take pictures?
MSh: ... well, in my opinion, we didn't have cameras.
Most likely, maybe there was no such ban, official. If someone had a camera with them - and took pictures, if they wanted to...
But this one with the camera, one comrade ...
One was saying to be a fireman, but the second, I find it difficult to even say who he was by affiliation.
Such a young relatively ...
The fireman was older, and this relatively young compared to him ... well, of course, he was 35 years old at that time.
If we were 25, then he was not old...
But here is the suspicion that this second comrade was assigned with a specific purpose.
He didn't behave as a guide.
It seems that he did not know the area.
Yes, and first...
YK: Did he have any investigative techniques?
MSh: That's just the point ... for example, we went up, looking for a ski track ... well, I was looking for a ski track, so as not to go astray.
Strayed, found again, walked again ...
And he was behind us on the beaten track and didn’t take any step aside ...
Well, of course, compared to us, we are young, but he did not behave so we could suspect anything obvious.
But the first one had little to do with a "fireman".
How do we know this?
When we came from the pass in the evening, when we found the tent, everyone was shocked, we drank their flask, and someone...
Well, the "fireman" settled down at the entrance to sleep ...
And someone went out at night, he stumbled over a rope, the peg came off, the ridge rope came loose.
The rope burned out, the stovepipe disconnected, and all the smoke went into the tent.
This "firefighter" was the first to rush out, doing nothing but yelled "Fire! Fire!".
This mishap happened right in front of me, I was sleeping under stovepipe, they gave me some mittens, I closed my eyes and tried to connect it in the dark...
And none of the searchers rushed out of the tent, and this "firefighter" was the only one outside.
And then until the end of the night he didn’t even get back inside the tent, and spent the rest of the night sitting by the fire.
I doubt he was a "fireman".
YK: The important question, of course, are the dates...
MSh: Well, then we are with Yuri, these dates, even the first meeting with him, went through and specified.
There is confusion.
Including the fact that on the 27th they found a tent, there is this, I read somewhere, it was wrong ..
Here... this one also says the date ... on the 26th probably.
Well, she writes the 26th.
Not the 26th, but the 27th.
AK: After the cedar, when did they start looking in the stream?
What was the approximate date?
Or was it later, in March, in general?
MSh: So, at the beginning of April one of the groups noticed a spruce branches in the direction where they were found.
They found a spruce branches sticking out of the snow.
But then they didn't follow up on this idea to look in the area where the spruce branches were found in the snow, they moved away and didn't look any further.
There wasn't much that they could do back then - there were no long probes, only short ones, they ordered long probes.
And at the beginning of May the snow thawed, and the branches were discovered again, they seemed to have been broken down, it was then that they began to probe with long probes and, in I think they found Dubinina first.
They felt her with the probe first, then began to dig...
AK: Did you see the den in the creek?
MSh: No.
Because at that time I was...
I was there for the second time at the end of April...
I don’t know, I’m already thinking... no, there could be such a coincidence - maybe they intentionally removed me?
We did not go to the pass for search, because there was rain, there was ice.
We had a day for ourselves.
And it got into my head somewhere after lunch to go out to ski.
I rose a little higher than the forest level, did not reach the pass and went down, well, I skied down there.
Skiing was good, it was exceptionally.
I came to the tent, I said: "Guys, let's go skiing?"
Well, a few people liked the idea.
We climbed a little higher.
I'm the first, of course, on a ready-made ski track.
It spreads much over the ready-made ski track... and it’s so blown away... and there’s some kind of drain, a couloir in one place and trees seem to be on both sides, not so close, but I could no longer control the skis, they [the trees] merged into a single wall...
But I felt that trees are coming in front of me, then I began to fall, so I leaned back from the skis, but when I fell back, I hit the snow with my rear, it lifted me up in the air, turned me in the air and turned my head forward into a birch, stuck into a tree like this across the forehead... broke two teeth, there was a slight concussion.
And without waiting for our shift to end, I was taken from there by helicopter to Ivdel, and then I was lying with a concussion for 21 days in the hospital.
After that we were replaced and the next group that found them in the stream.
YK: Was Ortyukov there all the time?
MSh: Yes.
He was always there.
I think that it is not known what would have ended if I hadn’t crashed there and started looking further, because I don’t even remember going back to the cedar, examining the place.
We could have carefully examine the scene and deduce in which direction to look for them.
Because when we arrived in 2001 and started from the cedar, I immediately began to notice old broken branches, it is clear that they are black ... and they were not covered in snow ...
But then, of course, it was May, the snow has already melted a little, and in these places I was approximately in the direction in which I assumed that they were according to the descriptions, because I talked to the guys that found them.
They told me...
So, roughly went in this direction, and began to notice these things here.
We quickly went out onto the sidelines, took photographs, compared with those old photographs that were and identified the place where the den could be.
Well, according to the first descriptions of Yuri, he had such an assumption that it’s not on this sidelines, which flows into the tributary of Lozva, but in the inflow itself.
The prevailing assumption was that the den was found in the tributary itself, and this contradicted with what I have reserached since then.
Indeed, we have found this stream, which is not at all the main tributary, and there are several ravines there, this is from the side of height 880, from the side of this spur (map).
And, most importantly, they go - one... then you climb, you pass it, a short distance - and the cedar, and beyond the cedar the next one is just the same parallel stream...
These marks are still there.
If you look for them in the summer, you can see them, broken branches are visible and they were broken long time ago.
It was good to see this den, perhaps something is still left of it.
One question remains unclear to the end: there are seven or eight large branches, as I imagine, at least such thickness - they could not be cut with a knife, you know?
So they chopped them with an ax, but they didn’t have an ax.
Broke it?
Yes, too, they could not break ...
With what?
Whether they did it or not a re-enactment of building the den could help - this issue could be investigated now, because, probably, the traces of this den have not decayed during this time, something could have remained.
AK: And who found them?
MSh: I don’t know at the moment.
I know that Suvorov was in this search.
You need to read carefully now, there is a record.
Yuri has these notes who was there.
Of course, not a single person found them there, because it was only a hunch that came to one, and there they were digging with the whole group purposefully.
They dug all day, if not more.
They dug up, first got to the bottom of one, and then ... because the 5-meter layer of snow, it is already frozen all, it needs to be excavated, which is not so simple.
AK: Did you talk to any of them?
MSh: No, I didn’t talk to anyone, at least not then.
This is what happened: I was in the hospital then, they flew in and found them during this period, and I was somehow torn off somehow from such information.
I was not even at the funeral.
AK: Now it’s not possible to find out, but Matveeva seems to have written that they got them before the prosecutor’s arrival?
MSh: No, in my opinion they didn’t go there, they were waiting.
They waited for two days and were inquiring, judging by the radiograms ...
So, in my opinion, they didn’t go there, maybe just one, or something...
Yes, one, it seems...
YK: Well, this question is really for those who were there.
If Suvorov, it will be necessary to contact him.
MSh: Yes, he will surely have some clearer memories, because he himself was present there.
Moreover, he got sick there ... well, not right away, after that he got sick.
He had a suspicion that due to contaminated water, they linked his disease with the environment...
YK: This is interesting...
MSh: Maybe from this point of view he will shed light.
Moreover, there is a suspicion that at that moment when the streams flowed, it began to melt and started to run - it really flowed down from all the heights through this tributary, it was going in that direction.
AK: Somewhere was said that you, Slobtsov and Brusnitsyn were called upon arrival at the prosecutor's office?
MSh: Well, they didn’t call me in particular, but maybe they were, I don’t know how and why exactly, probably because I was not alone, but with Slobtsov, and he seemed to be the leader of the group, therefore most likely...
Well, I had a conversation with the prosecutor only at the moment when they examined the tent.
When things were sorted out, he said such a phrase, as if indirectly: "You do not talk around about all this.
But when we find out all the circumstances, we will gather and tell you ..."
Although none of that happened.
I clearly remember this.
AK: Korotaev said this?
MSh: Yes.
AK: You didn't sign any non-disclosure papers?
MSh: No.
There, in fact, there is nothing with my signature.
I don’t know how it happened.
YK: They are not considered secret....
AK: And all sorts of (procedures) during your trip?
There, registration in Vizhay?
MSh: Didn't happen.
We were in Vizhay once, I made a helicopter landing for some purpose ...
Nobody came to us.
AK: It says here that Maslennikov signed a non-disclosure?
MSh: And then, we were there for not so long.
There’s nothing to talk about before the findings.
And after we were there for three days and we were replaced, taken out, the whole group was replaced, [the group] which found the tent and the cedar.
AK: And the guys on the slope, that were supposedly going to the tent, when [were they found], in what sequence?
Is this after the cedar?
MSh: It wasn't us who found them.
First [was found] Kolmogorova, she was found, I think, by a trainer with a dog.
AK: Those closest to the tent.
Did they go from the tent?
Added later:
Navig: You probably made a mistake, in the conversation when you answer the question about the direction of their movement to the tent or from the tent?
You say that they came from the tent.
MSh: No, I did not say that they were going to the tent, they were found on the straight line that connected the tent to the cedar, but the bodies were found in the position as if they were going to the tent.
MSh: From the tent.
The next day, Dyatlov was found.
Mansi found him.
They follow their own omens.
Then a few days later, Slobodin, two days, or something there is a break, they didn't find him right away.
Kolmogorova and Dyatlov were found most likely on the 27th same day they arrived 27th and they found them.
On the 29th they were taken to the pass.
They were four all together.
For transportation.
We didn't carry them, others did, and no one flew with the bodies when they were taken away to Ivdel.
We were also taken out around the same time, a little later.
But I remember nobody flying with them.
YK: What is this fact, that the pilots refused to fly the bodies?
MSh: I haven't heard this.
They were afraid of radiation, I think.
AK: They were afraid to carry or fly them?
MSh: No, they were not afraid to fly.
They flew constantly, serving us, flew to the pass.
But they had different information.
That which was completely unknown to us.
They talked there among themselves, and they saw from above.
They had information probably.
But they were also warned, so we did not hear anything from them.
But I think that they were definitely afraid of radiation, infection, probably, something like this.
AK: When you found the tent and made your way inside, you took off your skis, didn’t go skiing?
MSh: Well, yes, we took them off somewhere.
AK: The snow was trampled there?
MSh: We found no extraneous traces there, of course.
Because the wind was constantly blowing...
AK: You walked on the firn, did not fail?
MSh: Of course on the firn?
Of course did not fail.
But the only thing is, who saw the footprint in the boot?
Could it be our trace?
I don't think so, because I remember from that moment that one fooprint was in a boot.
I.e. it was recorded that [the footrpints] were barefoot and in felt boots [valenki] but one footprint was in a boot.
The tracks were clearly visible.
Just another thing, was there one boot or two?
I think that nobody had two boots on their feet.
AK: One more question, was ther under the two bodies at the cedar reindeer hide or not?
MSh: Well, of course, I can’t confirm or deny.
The hide could’ve been under the snow, we couldn't been able to see if it was there.
YK: So you did not dig, did not move [anything]?
MSh: Well, it could only be under the snow.
I can explain this by the fact that the place is very noticeable, if the Mansi visit this area, they are also hunters, they hunt, if they didn't kill [game], then certainly they could come here.
This is such a noticeable place under the cedar, it isn't by chnace that we notice it from above and came right there, because the place was very noticeable.
The cedar stood out very strongly.
The site was fairly even there, the tent could be put up.
I think that in the same way it could attract hunters.
This hide could be...
AK: Was this Mansi lair?
MSh: Yes, they actually leave kindling in certain places.
Under the same remnant, when we arrived in 2001 and began to look around this rock and look carefully, we found a kindling especially for a fire there, i.e. they leave things up to the point that they leave products somewhere stash for a rainy days.
They follow their serifs, follow their signs, and their path is not random, they follow one track.
If they go in the direction of Lozva, then they can go down, maybe through this place.
And before it (hide - NAVIG) was under the snow, because they really didn’t lie on the bare ground, they lay on the snow, were covered with a blanket, they lay on the snow, and bare ground could have a little bit of this ground then it’s only the trunk itself at the cedar, where there was the fire.
And the fact that near the cedar it seemed to be blown out by the wind, this terrain is higher.
Now this will not happen anymore, because the birch tree has grown in a big circle and then there was only a bush around, there were no birch trees.
AK: Another question, what did the cache site [labaz] look like?
MSh: I didn’t see the cache site because others found it... maybe there were traces of the ski track, because it was below the forest tree line.
AK: So you came on the trail of the group after the cache site?
MSh: No, well, if so, we left their track before they reached the place where they built the cache site.
So they followed the route in the upper reaches of Auspiya, we crossed it and found a ski track.
Then they went from here, we lost the ski track, but judging by the records, they seemed to have climbed the pass at first, the weather was very bad, they didn’t continue to move on and returned to Auspiya, and they spent the night there.
There they made a cache site. But we lost their track before reaching the border of the forest.
This was much earlier ... the track was gone.
In the forest, while the pine tree was large, and the spruce, you could still find it there, although it also quite blown over, it was so hard to advance, although it poured snow, but the groove was there, when you go down with the skis you fall less.
In some places it was hard to see hence we fall so much.
In some places where the wind was not quite so strong we could see some of the track, in another place we couldn’t find it at all.
So we made our way, we maintained the general direction.
AK: Your main base camp, where you spent the night and where leave from [every morning], was it far from the cedar and...?
MSh: It was in a different valley down Auspiya, probably a couple of kilometers short of .. but if you take this line to the pass (map), somewhere 2-3 km, but not so far (map), because, when we skied back down, it seemed to us that we ... left behind the so-called guide, fireman, at the top and rushed down, it was already dark and flew back this distance in an instant...
AK: This is from the tent?
MSh: Yes.
When we were going back to our friends...
AK: And this camp it remained there?
MSh: No, they moved it, just set up a camp in the valley of Auspiya, opposite the pass.
Down there... well, probably 1.5 km is even less like 750 meters.
There 350-400 meters go along a bare spot, and then the bushes begin, then more.
The camp was where the trees were enough.
AK: And when the Mansi arrived, did they put their own tent [chum]?
MSh: They didn’t make a tent [chum].
They sleep in their hides.
YK: Right on the snow you in hides.
MSh: They do not take off their malitsa coats, and cover themselves with hides on top. Breathe ...
Well, they have boilers, there are kettles.
AK: And what was the weather at that time?
MSh: The weather was normal.
Down there you don't feel the wind.
When you go up to the pass there is wind.
But the day was nice clear sunny.
By evening, the snow began.
And the next day, when we found them under the cedar, there was no wind.
But there were cases when we flew from there, there were several cases that we were waiting for the helicopter, it couldn't fly.
Then it appears, it flies from the valley below, in the valley flies above the forest, then it rises along the tops of trees, creeps literally 20-30 meters from the ground, because it is cloudy from above, no visibility.
Flies to the pass, lands down.
We make our way with a pair of skis to the helicopter - it’s so blowing that it’s impossible to drag two skis, such a wind.
Then he rises and takes off ... and back over the trees, flies away.
They were looking for a place along the river, along Auspiya ... military pilots served us...
AK: And when were you replaced and sent to Yekaterinburg, what date?
MSh: In my opinion, on March 4th we flew away from the first search.
We have proof somewhere.
You can clarify later.
They simply removed us, but there were a lot of people, trainers with dogs, Mansi remained.
They, too, had not yet left.
And another group of our hikers arrived.
They were sent to different places.
We were sent to the valleys of Lozva and Auspiya, and as soon as we found the tent, they began to take them off their routes and bring them where we were, so there were a lot of people there.
AK: According to Slobtsov, the tent had a wall of snow?
MSh: No, there was none of this.
AK: And the sheet that hung at the entrance?
Could you see it?
MSh: Yes there was, it looks like there was.
Maybe that's why they didn't try to go out through the entrance.
On one side of the entrance there was a stove, there was something else they had there.
Then it [the sheet] was hung up and it was necessary to leave the tent very quickly.
I have such an opinion, to the question why they left the tent so urgently, there can be only one answer: life threatening factors, most likely poisoning.
They could not breathe.
If there was a movement of snow, they would not have run like that.
At night they don’t see how much snow is moving, but the slide stopped.
The tent was not demolished.
After all, it didn’t grind everyone head over heels with the tent.
I think that these were factors related to the unknown and the inability to continue to be here.
Couldn't breathe!
And the poisoning is such that they felt it.
That's why they ran.
AK: And there couldn’t be snow second slide of snow?
MSh: No, there could be only one movement.
They had no such danger as an avalanche on their heads.
YK: So it was something more serious?
MSh: It could be a light with strong sound.
This could make them jump out, leave the tent.
The guys who were at about the same time south in the hut in the forest, the officer on duty saw an approaching glowing sphere, Karelin, in my opinion, his group was much south, they immediately jumped out, slept already, in socks in everything, when he shouted, they flew out instantly to outside to see what it is?
The rocket moved and passed over them, but they were in the forest, in the hut.
No affecting factors on them other than visually...
And there it was above the level of the forest, and then this glowing sphere could have moved from the south.
And from the south we have a height.
Because of the height, a kind of glow rises there, but nothing is visible, the sky just lit, and then suddenly is above them already.
Flash and explosion.
And then just rocket fuel.
They have traces of obvious poisoning for everyone.
They all had nasopharynx filled with foam, these are clear signs of poisoning.
YK: In addition, our UPI specialists assumed that there could be neutron radiation, i.e. neutron weapon testing is basically the same factors.
Then we must assume that they were all already taken out of the tent.
Cut and taken out.
Here Korotaev even says that it is cut from the inside.
MSh: The fact that [the tent] was cut from inside we could see even before the [oficial] examination, while taking the tent apart.
YK: You take a knife stick and pull towards you...
MSh: Outside, it would have been thrust once and dragged, and there were several attempts, several cuts from the inside, such weak punctures in the tent fabric were observed and then only a cut.
We found this when examining the section still in place, and then the examination confirmed this.
This this is not a gap, so it goes obliquely of the fibers, and the gap is either vertically or horizontally, where it is weaker there.
We cut down part of the tent with an ice ax, i.e. we cut from the top through the bottom.
We did damage, you could say it was necessary .. we had to find out if there was somebody inside, but I think that it could be done differently, it wasn't necessary to cut the tent.
We could remove the snow.
By the way this was done before the footprints were found.
After we cut down the tent, they began to inspect and saw the tracks of footprints.
AK: And you got into the tent through your hole or?
MSh: Yes, through your own, not through the entrance.
We didn't even try to go through the entrance.
YK: There [the entrance], all the more, was covered with a sheet.
MSh: Maybe we would have behaved differently if the ice ax was not perched there at the entrance, the tent was encapsulated with firn snow, we saw the ax, we needed to get inside the tent, of course, we grabbed an ice ax and started chopping.
We did not have an ax or even a knife.
Because we carried nothing but dry rations.
YK: So on the surface [of the tent] that is drawn there in the case, part of it are your holes?
MSh: Yes of course.
There are two slots obliquely and down, these holes were made with a knife, but on the ridge of the tent, in the center, for example, there is another big hole - we cut it.
There, there’s still some sort of lost flap, this is what inflicted...
AK: There was no snow inside the tent?
MSh: Yes, there was no snow.
AK: Despite the holes and the wind?
MSh: The cut was on the leeward side, and so it fell, as it were, on the holes...
End of recording
Added later:
MSh: …They arrived as soon as we found...
They opened the case officially on February 28th.
But in fact, we know that the case was opened on February 4, i.e. three days after their death.
Navig: Where did you get this information?
MSh: When the case was reviewed in the archive by Y. Yudin, there was a note on the very cover that the case was opened on February 4.
The case was first initiated at the moment when they discovered the tent, they still found the tent first, those people who were covering there, who were watching the launch of the rockets. In fact, their death was discovered earlier, and the case was opened on February 4.
Navig: And Y. Yudin saw this on the cover?
MSh: He clearly saw this inscription, he also took a copy from the file of the case.
So we have copy of it. So there is a second case, so follows from these documents ... the pages are removed from this case, there are no histological analysis results, and Yuri gave samples.
These materials were classified , because there is a reference in the archive where they are stored.
Store an open case in one place, and store the package and parts of this case in secret proceedings.
Resolution of the prosecutor Klimov, or something.
Navig: Do you have a photo of the tributary of Lozva where they were found?
MSh: I do not have this photo.
Yudin has it, that's for sure.
We compared this view in 2001 with the one when it was photographed at the time of the search for photographs and, guided by these photographs, we looked for a place and then we photographed ourselves.
So Yudin has photographs both old and from 2001.
MSh: About Dyatlov, Yudin says that post-mortem spots do not coincide with the position of the body.
He thinks the corpse was turned.
Navig: Were there any restrictions where to look during the search, because Akselrod in the TAU film says that they were not allowed to go where they would like to go?
MSh: No, the fact is that we were the very first and there was no one at all.
Subsequently, there could have influenced them.
Akselrod was probably right.
But with us this was not the case.
We then received instruction from our own, i.e. our only binding was the route they were supposed to follow, we were looking for their real ski track along this route.
Then we found them and went to the pass.
Answers of M.P. Sharavin over the phone to Interent-Center for Dyatlov Tragedy 08 Nov 2007
Navig: Mihail Petrovich?
Hi.
I’m calling about Dyatlov case.
We have a number of questions for you in connection with an article by Zinoviev E. He writes that you (your search group), when you went down to the cedar, examined the traces of Dyatlov group left during their descent from the tent to the cedar and traces were found and from the tent and near the cedar?
MSh: Yes.
Navig: And how many tracks were there?
The same 9 or not?
And at what distance from the cedar?
MSh: It was impossible to count there near the cedar, place was swept by the wind...
Something was near the cedar itself.
The first tracks we found from the tent in the distance, but at the first moment we did not explore the area.
We see the tracks went down, maybe we could trace (them) within 100 meters of the tent.
But then when they began to find them, 800 meters down, there were already no tracks.
They found them [the bodies] by other signs.
Navig: The question is that if the cedar had traces of the Dyatlov group, then they all came down to it.
MSh: There the number of tracks could not be counted.
At that time, the cedar was not in the forest as it is now, and it was as if on a hillock, and there snow was swept to the ground near it, there were traces in a figurative sense there was a fire, broken branches and all that, but no traces in the snow.
Navig: So there were no tracks in the snow?
MSh: No.
Navig: Thanks for the answers.
Transcript of the conversation of "Center for Civil Investigation of the Dyatlov Tragedy" (Navig) with rescuer M. Sharavin (MSh) 16 Jan 2007
Navig: Mihail Petrovich, hi!
We are discussing the location of the cedar and stream, which turns out to be different in different sources.
Can you tell us exactly how everything was connected there?
MSh: Yes of course.
Do you have a map with all the streams?
Navig: Yes there is a map with 500 marking.
There are 4 tributaries of Lozva, two small streams flow into the 4 tributaries.
MSh: If we look from the side of height 1079 from the side of the tent, towards Lozva, then we see this 4 tributary.
It originates to the left of this mountain.
Then it is at the border of the forest, now a little lower, turns left.
Navig: This is height 905, it goes around the mountain.
MSh: In old maps is marked 880.
So it turns away at the level of this height 880 to the left, and goes into the forest.
Here where it turns away...
Navig: Two small tributaries.
MSh: Yes, on the right side, the first and second.
So I think the cedar stood between these two tributaries.
Navig: Is it far to the main 4 tributary?
MSh: Well, probably 100 meters, not far.
Because when we found the cedar, we did not go down to the main tributary.
We went down into the first ravine, and there is a platform.
Navig: Ravine of the streams?
MSh: Yes, the ravine of streams, well then they were covered with snow, but we flew in 2001 and all this was confirmed.
Then this platform was as if flat.
Now it is overgrown with birch trees.
Navig: And the cedar stands there...
MSh: Yes, he stood out then.
Navig: And were there other cedars around?
MSh: Now there are similar cedars around and can be confused.
Navig: Here are pictures of the 2008 expedition.
There are two cedars visible one straight and another inclined.
MSh: But if you come close to them, you can distinguish them.
On that cedar under which the bodies lay, branches are broken - it was the case then and still to this day...
Navig: Is it inclined or straight?
Where the bodies were...
MSh: Straight.
Well, these boughs they were then visible.
And in 2001, near it were visible old stumps from then broken off fir trees.
They were visible that it was impossible to confuse.
Navig: And which direction was the den?
MSh: If you draw a perpendicular from the cedar to the line of the stream, then at the intersection of the second stream there was the den.
There are no more than 100 meters, according to records like 75 meters.
Navig: I.e. in the second creek?
MSh: Yes in the second.
And according to the documents it was completely impossible to determine where and what.
I determined this place by three criteria: 1. According to the descriptions that the guys told me when they found it.
How did they find it?
They went from this cedar further to the opposite side of the tent, and where the branches were sticking out of the snow, they started digging and found the den.
Then the photo was of the place where the den was up the stream.
And we compared this photo with the area.
And the third, in the direction of the second ravine from the cedar, I found stumps there and the direction was taken along them.
But when we were there in 2001, the ravine was covered with snow and we could not find the den.
But in summer it can be found, i.e. rotting for 50 years still something must have remained.
Navig: Yes...
MSh: And then, if you look carefully, you can find the stumps from which the flooring was cut...
Navig: Then Yuri Koptelov was right that there were ravines and they had to climb up on the skis to the cedar.
And what did Dyatlov group do - scramble?
MSh: He's right ... well, of course, we climbed.
We went down with him, then climbed a little, because it was clean enough under the cedar, but there was a little undergrowth and snow was swept under the cedar and this area stood out...
Navig: Koptelov then says that they were lying heads to each other, but in the photo they are lying next to each other.
It seems that in this case they were dragged from the cedar.
MSh: It seems to me that the bodies were next to each other...
Navig: 2 meters from the cedar.
Behind the cedar in the direction to the tent.
MSh: Yes, it was.
They themselves did not lie down so much that they were laid.
Navig: Could Koptelov seen them before you or later?
Have you been together?
MSh: No.
We went down together, and we found them at the cedar.
He could have been there the next day; to show them to someone.
But I was upset enough and did not want to go down again...
Navig: Well, thank you Mihail Petrovich for the information...
The end.
© "INTERNET-CENTER for Dyatlov Tragedy"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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  • 2 tygodnie później...

New heated discussion about Prosecutor's office new investigation.


Evgeniy Chernousov – lawyer
Yuri Kuntsevich – chairman of Dyatlov Foundation
Tatyana Perminova – Igor Dyatlov’s sister

Dyatlov case is controversial every step of the way.

They are referring to the exhumation of the remains of Semyon Zolotaryov at Ivanovskoe Cemetery in Yekaterinburg April 12, 2018


https://dyatlovpass.com/zolotaryov-exhumation

The concern is that if exhumations are done before a new criminal case is opened the results might be inadmissible in court due to statute of limitation.

Only the Prosecutor's office can assign expertise at this point.

The exhumation of Zolotaryov was initiated by periodical Komsomolskaya Pravda.

Here is a comment from Natalya Varsegova, the KP journalist present at the exhumation: "The legality of our exhumation of the grave of Semyon Zolotaryov was verified and confirmed by the Prosecutor's office of the Sverdlovsk region.

We conducted this procedure with full compliance with all requirements in the presence of a forensic expert, filming the entire process.

Yuri Kuntsevich is well aware of this."

This press conference seems to be a PR stunt by Chernousov to attract some attention to the case while we are waiting on Prosecutor's office official statement expected February 2020.

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  • 2 tygodnie później...

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Manpupuner plateau is 44 km North from Otorten (appr. 57 km from Dyatlov Pass).

 

One pillar, 34 meters high, stands somewhat apart from the others.

 

It resembles an inverted bottle.

 

Six others lie at the edge of the cliff.

 

The pillars are said to resemble the figures of a huge man.

 

Manpupuner formations were once considered sacred by the local Mansi people, and climbing them was regarded as a sin.

 

The pillars are called the "Seven Giants" or "Seven Strong Men".

 

According to a local legend, the stone pillars were once an entourage of Samoyeds giants walking through the mountains to Siberia in order to destroy the Mansi people.

 

However, the men were confronted by a shaman with the white face, called Yallingner, who turned all the warriors into stones.

 

Yallingner himself was turned into a stone, and since then, the seven formations have been standing in the area, with one facing the other six.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Trip to a Mansi village

 

 

The Mansi are a Finno-Ugric ethnic and linguistic group of tribes living in the Northern Ural Mountains.

 

They are an endangered indigenous group.

 

About 7 kilometers north of Ushma lies a smaller and more remote settlement named "Yurta Anyamov".

 

This is where Anyamov clan lives.

 

Today the tiny population survives by hunting and making cultural artifacts that are sold in town.

 

During Soviet times, the Mansi were encouraged to abandon their traditions and language and to assimilate.

 

Settlements were built as an attempt to discourage the people from their nomadic ways and so that they could benefit from the communist system.

 

However, the dominant ethnic groups in the region did not accept the Mansi as equals.

 

Decades of marginalization and social degradation followed.

 

Today there are about 11,400 Mansi in Russia.

 

Only about 150 live in the Sverdlovsk region.

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These are Mansi from Vizhay area.

 

Most of their names are Anyamov and Bahtiyarov, since the whole clan carries the the same family name.

 

These photos are from Lidya Androsova's collection "My friends – the Mansi".

 

I can publish 50-70 photos per day since (of 1400) and star one photo per post, and tell you something about it.

 

If you are interested in the background of any of the photos, please like them.

 

If I see a like for a photo with no information I will try to give you what I know.

 

https://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.2144912962471301&type=3&__xts__%5B0%5D=68.ARCO3Y-P0yiUtAK7zi1jPpDhvNBSJm6-jxWhjk7Fn-8HrIdn0bdKA0wLtDQvcyGSUg6o8wHX7HE1ZM8RgM5z9oOq5y-DbD4jBmtRKaVwbTBpgwyHd-HFovq-FdN9WwgzPIk8ia0FvmI0coTmu00YYbnrnzEJk8hzkIuvztSHHKlpE6Pnc2gAoSaL-tpiCdVDFuateFQPdVN332iOSFauxlv0G283F0lYDdXcyudcNrIxhu956B0Lwb1QPMYY_pav2lvIpO8Jokw7_D-uz00BlmoD49lxZTebabUWvZnJTjeqAvCiuFxg7gcSCxxv6ZcOoILZOmMV7iitjShcND2ouCWnBW9KaOBagGb_zxtrZbtGUWul4v99dV8raRd8lM5PBgke8RRXQEtHkYXznO1fQuDeqp7KPSa8zdCie2OobDvo00AeyeyDc10QwsNU6CDM2Co_uC316sQx7DtyZFs8aonFDA&__tn__=-UC-R

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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I went to Dyatlov Pass with the sweetest guy in the universe - I present you Mike Libecki.

 

It is not just where he goes but what he thinks and sees.

 

The highest class explorer.

 

 

https://vimeo.com/349768930

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Clasified order Mansi to be questioned

 

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Yuri Nikolaevich Ahmin
Deputy Prosecutor of the Sverdlovsk Region for Special Cases Yuri Nikolaevich Ahmin gives a secret assignment to the Chief of Ivdel Department of Internal Affairs Militia Major Bizyaev, to carry out investigative measures regarding the Mansi who could have witnessed the incident at Mount Otorten.
In one of his interviews, Korotaev spoke about Mansi being maltreated.
But, apart from his stories, this is not corroborated by anything.
According to Korotaev who recollects years later, that acting on this order, the police detain several people and leave them in the cold, coercing testimonies about what they could have seen or know about the incident, in fact, the police intimidate them.
After a while, making sure that the Mansi don't know anything about the incident, they are released.
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Case files vol.2 sheet 12

Clasified

 

TO THE CHIEF OF IVDEL DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS MILITIA MAJOR Comrade BIZYAEV
In addition to the existing assignments in the case of the death of Dyatlov group of hikers, please do the following:
  1. Chairman of the Burmantovo village council, Makrushin, spreads a rumor that allegedly Mansi Bahtiyarov Pavel Grigoryevich saw how tourists fell from the mountain and told other Mansi about it 17/II-59 In this regard, it is necessary: a). verify the information; B). find out where does citizen P. G. Bahtiyarov live at the moment; c). find out where was Bakhtiyarov at the time of death of the hikers.
  2. To collaborate that the hikers where attacked by Mansi with religious motives is necessary: a). Find out whose camp did the hikers visit and did Mansi known about it. B). Did Mansi know that teh hikers where headed towards Mt Otorten. c). Is Mount Otorten and its surroundings a sacret for Mansi? (i.e. "prayer" place). d). Find out which of the Mansi men hunted in the valley of the Auspiya river and in the region of the fourth tributary of Lozva river at the time of death of the hikers. e). Find out who was the hunter who left the ski track that the hikers followed. There is an assumption that this is Anyamov.

 

Make the results of this operational work known to the the prosecutor comrade Tempalov, who is investigating the case.
DEPUTY PROSECUTOR OF THE REGION FOR SPECIAL CASES COUNSELOR OF JUSTICE /AHMIN/
LvlbjRC.png
Topics of interrogations per month
This is a more accurate relationship what are the interrogations about in the months after the tragedy.
These graphs reflect the line of investigations and the increased interest in particular topic or theory.
As we can see, in May, the investigation had already officially gone in the direction of the fire balls.
The investigation is practically not interested in anything else.
“It amuses me that according to the interrogations, the official interest of the investigation to clarify the route begins only after March 10th and its surge falls in April.
Just on time, in my opinion, in order to find a group that has long been found.” - Dr. Galina Sazonova

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"In a country of mysterious signs"
This is an overview of the testimonies of Mansi.
They are contradictory to each other, and don't add up.
The impression is that there are big gaps in between, and then something else is said, not bearing out previous testimony.
Let go over the testimonies of Mansi in 1959.
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Aleksey Alekseevich Anyamov
Anyamovs clan
Aleksander Prokopyevich
Aleksey Alekseevich (41) father of Andrey Alekseevich
Andrey Alekseevich (21) son of Aleksey Alekseevich
Andrey Alekseevich (58) brother to Aleksey Alekseevich - Маr 23, 1959 (Case files 230-231)
Konstantin Tseskin
Nikolay Pavlovich (23) - Apr 2, 1959 (Case files 261-262)
All the answers start with Answering the questions at hand, but we never see these questions.
Of course judging by the answer one could guess the questions.
Nikolay Pavlovich Anyamov - Apr 2, 1959 (Case files 261-262)
"There are no other people in these areas.
There are no wild tribes in our region.
And Mansi did not meet anyone.
If they had we would have known.
We learned that hikers were missing after the 20th of February 1959."

What other people were they asked about?
Wild tribes?
Thе investigator had some preconception about other indigenous people in the area.
Andrey Aleekseevich Anyamov - Маr 23, 1959 (Case files 230-231)
"I personally never saw in the area another group of five people who are allegedly afraid of Mansi and who did not stay in Ivdel, I haven't heard such from other Mansi either."

The question must have been: "Have you seen a group of five people, strangers, who d not live in Ivdel, and only passed through the area?"

And what is up with "allegedly afraid of Mansi"?
Why should these rouges be afraid of Mansi?
These means according to the investigators unknown source these vagabonds must have previous confrontations with Mansi?
Where does this information come from?
Mansi were hunters, when away form their yurts they carry their guns.
These strangers are supposedly afraid of the Mansi because they do not have weapons, there is no other reason.
Mansi had to register their weapons in Ivdel.
Any other weapons would have been illegal, and the punishment was severe.

What is interesting here is not the answer but where did the question come from.
Bahtiyarovs clan
Bahtiyarov were first to be questioned because Nikolay Pavlovich had said that at end of January a group of hikers (8 people, including one or two women) stayed overnight at his brother Petr Bakhtiyarov’s Yurt.
Yurt Petr Yakimovich Bakhtiyarov yourt, 1954.
The yurt stood on the left bank of the Vizhay River, Petr lived there with his wife Nina Vladimirovna.
Photos are from hikers trek category III of difficulty in the Northern Urals.
Route: Moscow-Sverdlovsk-Vizhay-101-100-Yurts in Anchug-mine-Vels river-Vels river-Moscow.
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In the Case files are questioned mentioned three members of the Bakhtiyarov family:

Nikita Vladimirovich (30) Case files 82-83, he has sister Nina
Nikolay Yakimovich (29) Case files 84-85
Prokopiy Savelyevich (17) Case files 86-87
Pavel Vasilievich (60) Case files 223
Sergey Savelyevich (21) Case files 224, Sergey and Prokopiy are brothers
Petr Yakimovich (34) Case files 225-226, Nikolay and Petr are brothers
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Krasnobaev is Chief of preparatory work in 8th forestry district, lives in Ivdel region.
He flew on the Feb 26 to Bahtiyarov yurt to question Mansi if they have seen Dyatlov group.
In his testimony on Mar 7, 1959 (Case files 54-55) he mentions the following additional Mansi: Timofey, Alexander, Kiril and Sonya
They are questioned about different matter - prayer stones, shrines and sacred places

Nikita Vladimirovich Bahtiyarov - Mar 10, 1959 (Case files 82-83)
"I heard that they suspect that Mansi scared the hikers and they died.
I don't believe this to be true.
There is not a single case where Mansi attacked Russians, there is no reason for this.
Mansi payer mountain prayer is located near the Bahtiyarovs yurts 30 km in the upper Vizhay river.
On this mountain no one is forbidden to go Russian men and women, same as the Mansi.
This mountain has never been guarded.
There aren't any valuable things there.
How it was before I don't know.
The prayer stones have never been moved, or rather they can not be moved and Mansi go to this mountain, but such religious Mansi are not that many.
There aren't any other sacred Mansi places."

Distance from upper Vizhay river to Lozva and Auspiya upper sources is approximately 50 km.
The notion is conflict between Mansi and Russians in general, not even specifying passing by cross-country skiers.

Nikolay Yakimovich Bahtiyarov - Mar 10, 1959 (Case files 84-85)
"Yesterday, i.e. March 9, 1959 Mansi Nikita Bahtiyarov and I were at the store by the river Orasu Pru and one drunk that I did not know came up to us and said: "hikers are missing probably Mansi killed them".
We told him that's doubtfully the case, since Mansi have never killed anyone and they don't have a reason to kill hikers."


Kurikov clan
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Stepan Nikolaevich Kurikov
Kurikov Stepan Nikolaevich - Mansi shaman, leader of a rescue group 23-Feb-1959
Kurikov Grigoriy Nikolaevich - Mansi, deputy of the Ivdel City Council, interpreter in the interrogations, Stepan's brother (Case files 232)

Artemiy Vladimirovich Gorbushin - Mar 20, 1959 (Case files 228-229)
Officer in charge of Ivdel City Police Department, testified what Grigoriy Nikolaevich Kurikov had said about the Ostyaks: "At the beginning of March 1959 I was in the police station and during this time there was a conversation that the hikers were killed.
In the duty room sat one Mansi, I do not know his name, but they said that it was Kurikov, but what was his name - I do not know.
Kurikov was asked how the hikers could have died.
Kurikov said that near the holy mountain, where this mountain is located, he didn't say, there live five Ostyaks.
They are like savages, they are not friends with Mansi or with Russian people.
They never come to Ivdel.
And these Ostyaks could kill the hikers because they wanted to ascend the holy mountain or because they thought that hikers could kill their deer and moose, which they feed on.
Kurikov expressed only his own assumptions, but what really happened he, Kurikov, couldn't say.
Kurikov saw these savages Ostyakovs some years ago.
Kurikov didn't know where the holy mountain is. I emphasize that Kurikov expressed his own supposition.
He said this since we had a conversation about the dead hikers and asked Mansi Kurikov how it could have happened.
Kurikov Grigoriy Nikolaevich - Mar 23, 1959 (Case files 232)
"I personally do not think that anyone from Mansi attacked Russian hikers, as this never happened before.
I would still hear from Mansi if anybody attacked the hikers because I keep my ears open.
But there is no reason for Mansi to attack hikers. Sacred mountain, I know for sure is in the upper sources of the river.
Nobody lives there in neither summer or winter.
The sacred mountain is not guarded by any one.
Russian people are allowed to go there. About the fact that near the sacred place there live five Mansi or any people, and that they are afraid of Mansi, I personally did not say any such thing, that includes the police.
There are no Mansi people who do not go to Ivdel.
There were no outsiders in the area, that Mansi did not know about. We would have known about strangers, that is, because Mansi hunt and would have met them.
There are no Mansi in the region that would have treated Russians badly."
So Grigoriy Nikolaevich Kurikov doesn't know where the sacred mountain is in the beginning of March (Gorbushin testimony), but he does on Mar 23. Could it be because Bahtiyarovs said where the sacred mountain is on Mar 10, 1959?
How about the five people?
Grigoriy Nikolaevich denies to have said anything like that. On one hand we have Deputy of the Ivdel City Council, and on the other hand a Militia officer.
Nobody bothers to follow up on the discrepancies in their testimonies?
Nikolay Pavlovich Anyamov - Apr 2, 1959 (Case files 261-262)
"In early February 1959, we, i.e. I, Andrey Anyamov, and another Andrey Anyamov, went hunting.
We hunted for 9 days in the forest and during that time we saw tracks of narrow skis, which were covered with 15 cm of snow, less in the forest.
We thought that some kind of expedition went to the mountains.
We saw the tracks along the Auspiya river on the 10th of February 1959.
When we came home we said that we saw tracks of skiers.
The hikers themselves we did not see or hear."

Andrey Aleekseevich Anyamov - Маr 23, 1959 (Case files 230-231)
"I clarified that in January-March, in 1959, I never saw hikers anywhere.
And only saw tracks of hikers - on the road there were tracks of narrow skis.
How many people could not be determined.
I saw tracks on the Lozva river 1,5 - 2 km above Auspiya.
The tracks were going towards Auspiya river, and then to the Urals Mountains.
I can not tell the exact date when I saw the tracks, but it was at the end of January or early February 1959.
Tracks were swept up on clear places, and in the forest powdered with snow.
I went skiing, together with me were three more people.
Anyamov Andrey (same name as mine) Alekseevich, my nephew, Anyamov Nikolay Pavlovich, another of my nephews, and Mansi Tseskin Konstantin.
On the hunt, the four of us left the village of Suevat-Paul and hunted in the woods around the Auspiya.
Russian hikers are nowhere to be seen.
When we hunted it was good weather, and also there were bad days."
Two people that were together say different things about where the narrow ski tracks were spotted.
On April 2 tracks along Lozva river are no longer present in the testimony.

Upper Lozva is Otorten → upper Auspiya is Kholat Syakhl (Peak 1079)
It looks like the investigators needed a testimony where Lozva is not mentioned.
Were the testimonies cooked on the go, as the investigation unfolded?
The testimony from Mar 23 is given by 58 old Mansi, who could be called later own confused due to his age.
How could he tell the direction of the tracks is not clear.
Then the young hunter age 23 comes into the picture with a testimony from Apr 2 that says nothing about tracks on Lozva river.
Pavel Vasilyevich Bahtiyarov - Mar 16, 1959 (Case files 223)
"Prayer mountain is 30 km from us in the upper reaches of Vizhay river.
The mountain is visited by all Russian men and women and Mansi.
There is no prohibition whatsoever for the Russians to go to the mountain.
I have never been in the upper reaches of Lozva river and always hunted along the rivers Ivdel and Vizhay."
Why is he mentioning upper Lozva river?
There is nothing in the context of the previous narration unless he was asked for Lozva river.

Boris Efimovich Slobtsov - Apr 15, 1959 (Case files 298-230)
"I was present when we found under same cedar a cloth belt of dark color with tassels at the ends.
I don't know who this item belongs to.
The length of this item is about 80 cm, the width is about 10 cm, looks like a belt or strap, with which the Mansi pull loads, except the object would be not strong enough for this purpose."

Georgiy Ivanovich Ryazhnev - Mar 6, 1959 (Case files 42-43)
Chief of the 1st forestry department of Energo Lesokombinat in 41st district in 1959
"I don't know anything about Mansi having sacred mountains and paying stones in our area, but I have heard from people that they have the sacred pit on Lozva river."
This statements is opening the door for the speculation that Dyatlov group must have passed by a sacred pit with uncle Slava when they were using his horse drawn sleigh to carry their backpacks.
Yudin was still with them, he returned next day.
There is nothing to support that the hikers even knew about the sacred pit they drove by, but this is a theory.
The Sacred Places of the Ural Mountains and Forests (2004) [Rus - Культовые памятники горно-лесного Урала] is a study by archeologist and ethnologist Chernetsov.
The author writes about of Lozvinzkaya, or Sheytan pit.
Women were not allowed in these sacred places.
In Dyatlov group there are two girls.
In the book Chernetsov says that when he was traveling in these places in 1937 he was told that on Ushma river there is a Bahtiyarov clan sanctuary.
Ushma river is tributary to Lozva river south of 2nd Northern.
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Left arrow shows the sanctuary, the right arrow shows petroglyphs that some people see Photo taken on Jan 28, 1959 Krivonischenko camera (film 1) frame 2
Bakhtiyarov family did not take part in the search for the missing hikers and when questioned about their whereabouts they got confused in their testimonies.
The Bakhtiyarovs were considered a respected shamanistic clan.
There is Nikita Yakovlevich Bakhtiyarov, born in 1873, who lived in Ivdel district.
In 1938, he was sentenced to five years in prison camps.
The statement on Bakhtiyarov’s arrest reads: “He is convicted of being an illegal shaman among the Mansi people, a big kulak who has large herds of deer unknown to the state authorities, on whose pasture he exploits the poor Mansi.
He leads anti-Soviet agitation among Mansi against the unification of Mansi into collective farms, against sedentarism, incites hatred among Russians and the existing Soviet system, claiming that the Russians bring only death to Mansi.
Bakhtiyarov annually collects all the Mansi to one of the spurs of the Ural Range, called Vizhay, where he performs sacrifices on the occasion of a religious holiday that lasts up to two weeks.”
Nikita Yakovlevich got out of prison in 1943.
He might still have been around at the time of the events.
Investigating the Mansi could explain the presence of KGB since they were not only responsible for the national security of the state and defending the borders.
Inside the Soviet Union the Committee for State Security was mainly entrusted with anti soviet propaganda, fighting saboteurs and terrorists.
But there is another role too, to subdue any nationalist movements and ethnic hatred.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Mansi, Mansi, Mansi
After February 21 the search of Dyatlov group was coordinated from Ivdel by the local prosecutor Tempalov and representatives of the UPI Yuri Blinov and chairman Lev Gordo.
Yuri Blinov is a member of the Bureau of the Tourist Section of the UPI, and the leader of the group of hikers who, along with Igor Dyatlov's group, was traveling on the same train, then on the same bus, from Sverdlovsk through Serov - Ivdel to the village of Vizhay.
Tempalov received instructions from the secretary of the Ivdel city committee of the KPSS, Prodanov, to start searching for the missing hikers (and Prodanov himself was ordered from Sverdlovsk by regional party and state authorities).
From Sverdlovsk was ordered aerial search.
Prodanov requested the engineer of the Energo Lesokombinat Mikhail Timofeevich Dryakhlih, who communicated with Dyatlov group in the 41st district, to join the search.
Now the only fact that is clear is that Dyatlov group is missing.
It was still to be found what route did they take.
The search operation needed witnesses.
Mansi Nikolay Bakhtiyarov had said that at end of January a group of students (8 people, including one or two women) stayed overnight at his brother Petr Bakhtiyarov’s Yurt.
Mansi settlements in the area, such as Suyevat Paul, consisted of several yurts (nomadic tents), and all of the people were carrying the last last name.
The small settlement were called the Bakhtiyarov Yurt, Khandybin Yurt Anyamov Yurt...
“In the yurt we talked to the hikers.
They said that they are going to the mountains but didn’t specify which one exactly.
They only asked which way is better to go – on the river or some other way, and they went along the road toward the river".
Now we know that these students were from the city of Rostov and headed to Vels peak.
Igor Fomenko led this group.
In February 1959 the lead had to be checked although Bakhtiyarov Yurt was not on Dyatlov group way to Otorten.
But then again, the rescuers didn't have a map to follow.
And the photo of Bakhtiyarov’s family below was made by students from MGU in 1956 that were going to Mt. Otorten.
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Vizhay, Bakhtiyarov Yurt and the direction of Otorten.
February 22
Engineer Mikhail Timofeevich Dryakhlih and UPI sports club chairman Lev Gordo landed in Vizhay with a helicopter.
They took forester Kuznetsov and flew to North Toshemka river to the yurt of Alexander Prokakopevich Anyamov (Mansi).
They talked to him.
Then flew to the upper sources the Vizhay river, above the tributary of Anchuchа.
They landed, Dryakhlih and Kuznetsov visited Mansi Bakhtiyarov 5 yurts.
After that they flew west to the Urals and saw a clear track of the Mansi dog sled that went from Bakhtiyarov yurt Vizhay river 1.5 km west to the Urals.
No traces of the missing hikers were found.
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Varvara Kuzmovna Bakhtiyarova and her children Miron and Albina, 1956
Moscow was made aware of the incident, and soon also sent a few experienced hikers.
Eugene Maslennikov, the head of the UPI sports club, was appointed to coordinate the search, together with Colonel George Ortyukov of the Army, who was in charge of overall logistics and helicopter support.
Slobtsov group of 11 assembled first and consisted mainly of UPI students: Boris Slobtsov, Vadim Brusnitsin, Stas Devyatov, Yuri Koptelov, Vyacheslav Krotov, Vladimir Lebedev, Vladimir Strelnikov, Vyacheslav Khalizov, Mikhail Sharavin.
The group also included two local residents - forester Ivan Pashin and hunter Alexei Cheglakov of the Ministry of Internal Affairs with experience in the taiga.
Several prison guards from the Ivdel LAG under the leadership of Captain Alexey Chernyshov and another seven officers of MVD (cops) under command of lieutenant Potapov have joined the search in the Dyatlov group.
Another three groups were formed in UPI from student volunteers under the leadership of Oleg Grebennik, Moises Akselrod and Boris Slobtsov.
Additionally, four Mansi hunters were hired to help and look for the missing group.
Moscow sent several specialists including E.P. Maslennikov, Baskin, Bardin and Shuleshko.
Slobtsov rescue group was transported on An-2 from Sverdlovsk to the military airfield of Ivdel with equipment and weekly supply of products.
Waited for a airlift by a helicopter but the weather was prohibitive.
Slobtsov group had to spent the night in Ivdel.
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Headquarters of the Ural Military District
To investigate the tragedy in Mt Kholat Syakhl, a state commission was established consisting of Major-General M. N. Shishkarev, Deputy Chairman of the Sverdlovsk Regional Executive Committee V. Pavlov, Head of the Sverdlovsk Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union F. T. Ermash, Prosecutor of Sverdlovsk N. I. Klinov and Major-General of Aviation M. I. Gorlachenko.

 

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When was the tent found and why was it kept a secret for two days
There is another big mystery in the Dyatlov case to which many researchers for some reason did not pay attention, and this is the behavior of two searchers: local forester Pashin and his friend Cheglakov, that conducted themselves strange at the least.
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It is well known fact that Dyatlov group tent was discovered by students Boris Slobtsov and Mihail Sharavin on February 26th.
According to Boris and Mihail, that day, together with Pashin, they went out to the side of Mount Kholat Syakhl and saw the tent from afar.
Pashin said he was tired and did not approach the tent.
And the students rushed briskly to this long-awaited find.
In the same place on the roof of the tent, they found a flashlight that lit when turned on.
They also found an ice ax with which they opened the tent and saw things that were randomly laid out in it: clothes, shoes, blankets, etc.
The students told the investigator about all this, found on February 26, and he recorded it.
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But! if we read carefully the testimonies of the forester Pashin and his friend Cheglakov, we will be surprised.
This is what witness Ivan Pashin says to the investigator on March 7, 1959.
Punctuation saved.
"On February 23, 1959 6 of us were dropped off from a helicopter in the area of Mount Otorten ​​to look for the lost group of hikers.
On the first day of the search, once descended into the Auspiya we found ski tracks from the hikers.
Here we pitched a tent, spend the night, divided into three groups and went to look for the hikers, as a result of the search we found a tent with belongings that was not clearly seen since it was covered with snow, we did not go into the tent."
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Testimony of Pashin
It turns out that Pashin and Cheglakov discovered the tent on February 24th! We read further:
"The tent was found in the upper sources of Auspiya and Lozva at the height of the mountain Verhuspiya.
When we went down from Mantveevska Parma we saw a wide ski trail that followed a trail of a moose.
The Mansi ski trail was 10 km from the tent of the hikers and there were no ski tracks near the tent, Mansi or hikers, since the tent was drifted with snow."
And how to understand this?
It turns out that Pashin and his friend find the tent, which at the same time and in the same area dozens more people are looking for.
But Pashin and Cheglakov, without even looking into the tent, pass somewhere further.
They did not even return to the camp to report the finding (?!).
"On the fifth day of our search (FEBRUARY 27)we found 4 bodies covered with snow and on this day we were taken back home with helicopter to the village of Vizhay."
And this is what Cheglakov told the investigator on March 6.
Punctuation saved.
"At the end of January 1959 the exact date can not remember, I saw at the club in village of Vizhay a group of hikers, among them there were 2 girls.
These hikers left in a truck to 41st district of the Forestry Energolesokombinat.
No one lives in the village of 2nd North mine.
In the third week of February 1959 on the orders of the Chief of the logging branch Hakimov, together with the forester Ivan Pashin I flew by helicopter to the site of the death of a group of hikers near Mount Otorten.
With us together in the same helicopter were 4 people and from Ivdel the same day came another 5 people.
We start to carry out the assigned tasks same day we arrived.
The search of hikers started in two groups (Pashin is talking about 3 groups - ed. note).
One person left on the protection of belongings and tents.
On the first day of our search we found the ski tracks of the hikers.
On the second day we found the tent of the hikers which was located in the upper reaches of rivers Auspiya and Lozva at the height of the mountain Verhuspiya."
Cheglakov, like Pashin, claims that they found the tent on the second day of the search, that is, on February 24!
"It was badly drifted by snow. We did not go inside.

We couldn't see any ski tracks of the hikers around the tent.
Mansi ski tracks we have seen 10 km from where the tent of the of the hikers was found.
One kilometer from the camping site of the hikers we found new Mansi stand.

... On the fifth day of searching we found 4 bodies, one of them female.
After that we were taken home by helicopter to village of Vizhay."
Unbelievable!
Pashin and Cheglakov didn't tell anybody about this essential finding neither on February 24, returning to the base camp, nor on February 25, nor on the 26th, everybody else in the serach party is looking for this tent, and they both say nothing to nobody.
And, judging by the protocol, even the investigator doesn’t have any reaction to that.
Maybe someone gave instructions to Pashin and Cheglakov ahead of time not to tell anyone about the tent, and the investigator knows this?
This is where modern conspiracy theorists come in.
Interestingly, students Slobtsov and Sharavin, who were the "first to discover" the tent on February 26, do not see next to it tracks from Pashin and Cheglakov ski who were there two days ago.
She was probably covered in snow.
And if so, then apart from Pashin and Cheglakov days earlier, to the tent could have been any number of people without leaving tracks.
These people could have forgotten a flashlight on the roof of the tent, the battery of which did not have time to discharge in the cold.
However, Pashin and Cheglakov could have left the flashlight.
But why they didn't they report the loss?
A flashlight at that time was a valuable item.

Sharavin, who found the tent and the cedar

 

From E. G. Zinovyov archive

28 Feb 1999 Interview with M. P. Sharavin (Y. Yudin, Е. Koskinа) Yekaterinburg
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Mihail Sharavin - member of the search in 1959 for Dyatlov group
There is no testimony from Sharavin in the case files.
The thing is that Ivanov didn't question their observations, and they flew off on something like 28-29 Feb 1969.
There were two groups: 1) Akselrod; 2) Slobtsov.
They round up the leaders of the winter treks of 1959.
Slobtsov just came back from Taganaya (12 Feb), Akselrod + 5 per joined first, they should have gone to Otorten, same as the Dyatlov group final destination.
Next was Slobtsov group landing at 3 PM on 23 February on the eastern slope of Otorten.
Akselrod verified that there is no note left on Otorten (meaning Dyatlov group haven't been to Otorten - ed. note), and the search group headed back to the route.
Overnight with a stove on the 4th tributary to Lozva river.
On the second day crossed Dyatlov group ski track (i.e. 24 Feb) on Auspiya, they spent the night there, snow cover was 180 mm on the ski track.
Went along 4th tributary rather than on the ridge, since the chances that there will be ski tracks on top are slim.
On the morning of the 25th, divided into groups, Sharavin + went to the pass, the rest in the radial direction to do a search.
Slobtsov and Sharavin went down the slope, the track was visible to the tree line, then it was lost and appeared sporadically.
To the end of the forest, the snow was quite loose.
We started at at 9-10 AM.
The boot rock (now called the monument - ed. note) was visible, we went to it. A firefighter* from Ivdel walked with them, he said that he was unwell and could not walk, and then they had to go in the direction of the lake near Otorten, because when you look from Otorten, the deer below look like small dots.
At one point, Sharavin looked around and saw a black speck on the slope.
It was getting dark, 5 PM. They went closer - a tent, a ice ax was stuck next to it and there was 1 pair of skis.
Helga (Yeah ... It took them from From 9 AM to 5 PM to climb with no weight from serach camp to tent, and there are so many questions about why did Dyatlov group with load and everything cover so little distance that day.)
When they try to cut through the firn with an ice ax in the hope of finding someone, apparently damaged the tent.
E.G. (No word about that in the tent examination!)
They found jackets, boots (8 pairs).
Where was the tent?
800 meters from the tree line, above the boot rock, where they found Zina.
They cleared 1/3 from the firn.
At the entrance lay a camera, baked ham, in large pieces.
(By the way, why didn't the animals eat it, were the animals killed too? E.G. )
A flask of alcohol, a stove completely disassembled, a group diary, a flashlight, blankets, backpacks were spread out.
In the stove, there were logs 40-50mm in diameter, there was not much firewood - it was kindling.
Ran back, taking the flask, diary.
P.S. The way the tent was set up could only be done by the hikers themselves - backpacks neatly spread out - if you are not a mountaineer you can't put it that way.
It was obvious that the tent was set up slowly, securely, neatly.
The pipe from the stove did not stick outside.
We went down for the night, opened the stove, drank alcohol.
Someone (Halizov) came out at night, stumble, tripped over the rope, twisted the prusik, the smoke went into the tent, someone jumped out, someone breathed through the tent.
The fireman went out and slept by the fire.
There was so much confusion. 26 Feb
The next morning, February 26th.
They were going to climb Auspiya to bring down the tent in Lozva valley.
What for?
Footprints ~ 25 m were leading down from the tent (we did not go further).
Traces began at 2-3 m from the tent, a few tracks. How many?
I didn't count.
How did the footprint survive?
The track is trampled, the loose snow around is blown out, there remains a pedestal of snow.
Why go up the slope?
There is a flat area, you can conveniently pitch the tent there.
There were no signs of a missile breaking nearby, there was no damage..., a burnout line, no trace of extraneous presence.
We went to the boot rock, saw a cedar down in the ravine, we went there.
There was the body of Doroshenko covered with a blanket.
Dropped the backpacks and ran up in horror - on the pass a helicopter was landing with searchers and a rescue dog.
The ground under the cedar tree was bare, 80 мм diameter, because the area is elevated, there was a small fire.
This could be called an attempt to make a fire.
There were a few limbs and coals, it was incomprehensible - how could this fire ever burn?
On such a windy place.
It was clear that Doroshenko was put there, in underwear, half-dressed, covered, his hands were burned while trying to warm his numb fingers.
Did he put his hands in the fire?
Nothing but a blanket around the fire was seen, a dark brown blanket.
How could they make a fire?
There were no traces of birch trees, they kindled them with thin dry branches ...
From the cedar (below) the branches were broken so that you cannot reach with your hand.
Krivonischenko: lay next, because the spot was one.
It was evident that they could not carry them away.
Why?
Came to choose a place, and there the bodies!
Doubt: whether Ivanov was there at all, most likely not, they were picked up and carried.
Carried on hand!
No one went to the tent, Sharavin approached the helicopter, another went to meet the group to report.
Mansi came on the 26th, with a radio operator, on deer.
Therefore, on the 26th were reported in the morning by radio, the helicopter had already landed on the radiogram.
Ivanov flew in on the 26th, met with Sharavin on the 27th!
Guides with a dog began a search from the tent on the 26th.
A flask of alcohol was taken from the tent, later on passed among the searchers.
There was the impression that the tent was cut from inside; we didn't find a knife in the tent.
They decided to go to bed without the stove - it was not taken out of its case.
The first group was immediately evacuated: they were mentally traumatized 29 Feb
P.S. Firefighter: He couldn't ski well, didn't know the terrain, as a guide was very inadequate, pretended to be sick on the pass, behaved strangely, didn't have a map, he was hanging around without work.
There was an opinion that he was a strange bird.
Weirdo!
But!
He spent the night outside the tent, when Halizov faltered and stepped on his face with his foot.
(Fireman + weirdo + spent the night outside the tent)
P.P.S. So, testimony was taken only from the leaders of the group?
Absurd.
* Sharavin is confusing Pashin’s occupation to be firefighter when he is a forester - ed. note

 

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  • 3 tygodnie później...
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Galina Sazonova on Kolevatov

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Aleksander Sergeevich Kolevatov
Born on Nov. 16, 1934, in Sverdlovsk.
The 5th or 6 ​children​ (​a girl ​born after him ​died in childhood) and ​he is the ​only boy in the family​.
Sasha​ had poor health ​as kid, ​all his sisters loved him ​very much.
They live​d​ in ​a ​private house​ in the center of Sverdlovsk, his father had a very good position - financial director (главный бухгалтер) of some factories.
The people like his father will have been killed first in 1937.
​His father ​was not, in 1938 he moved to Gulag as a financial director of one of the factories in Tavda.
​The whole family moved to this place too.
May​be​ ​this ​decision save​d​ ​his​ life.
In Gulag, but not prisoner.
Of course he was a member of elite group there, but surroundings of his family changed a lot.
Guardians are different from prisoners only because the​y​ can kill.
Prisoners can be killed.
Sasha didn't go to school, his elder sister Rimma took care about him.
She will ​become a famous teacher in ​the ​future, developing a special education programs for kids with behavior problems.
1941 - war started.
Th​e camp in​ the​ Gulag where Kolevatovs stay became on of the first camp​s​ for German​s and one of the most horrible ​ones.
But it still "ok" for Kolevatov's family if it possible to say "ok" in this situation.
At least they had food enough ​to​ survive.
Suddenly everything crashed​.
His father was found dead on the railway line killed by a train.
No investigation of his death has been done.
What did ​this​ mean for ​his ​family?
They lost everything. ​
The three​ elder sister​s​ ​had already left Tavda but Sasha, Rimma and ​their ​mother ​remained in the camp.
They lost social position immediately, but more ​importantly ​-​ there was no more​ food.
The m​other was sick and couldn't work.
All of them ​rely​​​ on ​​food ​coupons: 200​ ​g ​bread ​per day per person, 1​.2 kg of fish or meat per month per person, 1-2 kg of grain per month which can be change for potato during winter season.
They went to a hell. Sasha was almost 10 years old.
How did he survived this situation?
​Only after the war ended they ​all ​ca​me​ back to Sverdlovsk.
Rimma has been admitted to ​work as a teacher in ​the ​primary school​ where ​Sasha went.
All of them shared one small room in the institute campus which Rimma got as a student.
They were very poor.
Sasha ​didn't have good grades.
He had high score in German language only.
​How come he ​knew German​ and English well?
No idea.
May be he communicated with a German pr​i​son​e​rs in ​the ​Gulag.
He graduated secondary school (grade 7) and went to ​college.
College provided not only professional skills, but uniform and additional food card.
He didn't study well​ the​ 1st and 2nd year. ​
And then suddenly something changed ​in him - ​he ​joined ​the Komsomol and improved all his ​studies and grades.
Education in the USSR was free of charge, but each graduate was required to work for 3 years after graduation in nominated place.
Someone decided to send him ​t​o Moscow to work in the secret institute of the Ministry of Medium Machine Building.
This decision was made almost a year before the graduation ​from college.​
We know that six months before the graduation, he had already passed a security check in Moscow and was approved.
45031753645_25fa7ac902_o.jpg
Kolevatov security questionnaire begining
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... and the end with the date underlined
Ordinary boy from ordinary ​college with ordinary performance.
Someone recommended​, protected ​and advised him.
First advice was to immediately join the Komosol - Young Communist League. ​
I​t was the final stage of three youth organizations with members up to age 28, graduated at age 14 from the Young Pioneers.
You couldn't join the Kommunist Party without passing all the stages.
You couldn't make a career without being a communist.
All members of Dyatlov's group joined Komsomol at age 14, as soon as it was allowed.
Sasha ​- ​at age 18, during passing a security check "in the secret institute".
45894656332_ed02cce9ce_o.jpg
Kolevatov residence in Moscow
What do we know about his life in Moscow?
  • His salary was about 900-1000 rubles per month, while the average wage in the USSR was 600-700 rubles, the scholarship - 250-350 rubles per month.
  • He got free housing in a new building which well-known scientists also lived. Moscow was a closed city and no one could come to live there.

 

Where Kolevatov lived is today one of the most prestigious areas of Moscow with very expensive apartments.
He worked very well, and was very active in the social life of the institute.
He became a member of Institute Komsomol committee, leaded shooting sport section.
Began to engage in tourism, made new friends.
Duality and different assessment of his job position.​
Of course he has not been a "leading scientist", but for the 19 year old boy who just graduated ordinary college he had a very good position and he was involved to some scientific research.
Did he ​have access to classified information?
Was he a "secret keeper" working in Secret Institute?
45894622802_3ceb52a0cb_o.jpg
Sablya (Sabre, Cабля), Pre-Polar Ural
Sasha hiked the mount Sablya (Sabre, Cабля), Pre-Polar Ural, as a member of a Moscow group.
This is a difficult trek.
I was just interested in finding information about this hike.
Everything was structured in USSR and I was trying to find the club that could organize this trek.
I couldn't.
Then I thought - there is no information about ordinary groups, maybe it was not an ordinary one?
May be it was a group of "secret keepers" who had restrictions on contacts and did not belong to any ordinary sports organization?
I began to look for memories of the tourism of people who belonged to this category.
Bingo!
I was right!
I found the memories of a scientist about how they wanted to be engaged in tourism and then the director of a secret organisation helped them organize a tourist section which has been out of ordinary tourists clubs.
The director who support ​the​is tourism was Dmitriy Ivanovich Blohincev - soviet physicist, doctor of physical and mathematical sciences (1934).
Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1958) and the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR (1939).
Professor of Moscow State University (1936).
Hero of Socialist Labor (1956). Winner of the Lenin (1957), Stalin (1952) and State (1971) awards.
One of the founders and director of the IPPE (1947-1956) and JINR (1956-1965).
Member of the Bureau of the Department of Nuclear Physics, USSR Academy of Sciences (1971-1979).
President of IUPAP (1966-1969).
Member of the Higher Attestation Commission at the Council of Ministers of the USSR.
Advisor to the Scientific Council under the UN Secretary-General (since 1967).
I changed direction of my research a finally found the leader of that group.
All members of the group worked in secret nuclear Institutes.
Two of them (including the​ ​leader) were "children to their fathers​": The father of leader is... Blohincev Dmitiy Ivanovich
The father of second one - Anatoly Alexandrov It was a ​top of the very closed scientific secret elite, and Sasha was accepted.
Duality.
Why did he leave Moscow​?​
Read Alexei Rakitin's version on Kolevatov's decision to leave Moscow and transfer back to Sverdlovsk.
Dyatlov group seem to have celebrated Aleksander Kolevatov's birthday on Jan 30 - his present was a tangerine, which he readily distributed among his friends.
This is taking place 2 days before they all perish in the treacherous Ural mountain in 1959.
He was 24 years old when he died.
Kolevatov is buried on May 12, 1959, in Mihaylovskoe cemetery, Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia.

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Rakitin’s version on Kolevatov





All rights belong to Alexei Rakitin , from “Death is never far behind...”


Aleksander Kolevatov remains a “dark horse”, nothing stands out abouthim.

At first glance, an ordinary 4th year student of the Physics and Technology Department of UPI, his family goes back many generation in Urals, like some other members of the group (except Semyon Zolotaryov, Georgy Krivonischenko, Rustem Slobodin and Yuri Doroshenko).

He is unlikely candidate to be recruited by KGB, it was equally possible to suspect any other participant of the campaign - both Yuri Doroshenko and Igor Dyatlov...

However, the assessment of this person immediately becomes ambiguous after reading the documents found by Alexei Vladimirovich Koskin on Aleksander Kolevatov - his character reference and statement of admission to the Sverdlovsk Polytech in 2nd course.

This seemingly small discovery allows you to look at the life of Aleksander Kolevatov in a completely new way.

What do we see?

In 1953, a 19-year-old young man graduated from the Mining and Metallurgical College in Sverdlovsk and was sent to Moscow.

And not just in Moscow, but in one of the most secret research institutions of the USSR, created as part of the implementation of the "uranium project".

We are talking about the so-called organized in May 1946 as part of the 9th Directorate of the NKVD of the USSR laboratory "B", focused on creating protection against ionizing radiation.

This laboratory, which grew literally within a year to the size of the institute, was located first in Chelyabinsk, and after 1949 moved to Chelyabinsk-40 ... yes, that very “atomic city” where Georgiy Krivonischenko worked a little later and where September 1957, one of the world's largest atomic man-made disasters occurred.

In January 1953, this nameless "number" institute (PO Box No. 3394) was transferred to Moscow, where over time it was transferred to the Ministry of Medium Machine Building and assigned the name All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Inorganic Materials (the renaming took place in January 1967).

From the very moment of its creation, Aleksander Konstantinovich Uralets-Ketov headed this worthy institution, his signature flaunts the description of Aleksander Kolevatov, which was mentioned a little higher.

Aleksander Konstantinovich is very interesting to us because his biography allows us to very visually demonstrate the close relationship between the state security bodies and the military industry supervised by these bodies.

Born in 1902, Ketov (Uralets is a pseudonym taken back in the years of the Civil War) successfully made a career in the Cheka-OGPU-NKVD-MGB up to 1953.

Starting his career in Perm Cheka in 1920, he was by April 1944 the city was promoted to Colonel of State Security, deputy chief of the Tagil Forced Labor Camp of the NKVD.

At the front, the comrade Colonel of State Security did not serve, he endured all the dangerous years in warm places in the deep rear, more and more in the environs of Chelyabinsk, Sverdlovsk and Nizhniy Tagil.

By the way, this did not prevent his successful career.

In May 1946, the career of a colonel made an unexpected somersault: Pavel Yakolevich Meshik, deputy head of the Main Directorate at SNK, engaged in the development of atomic weapons, attracted Ural-Ketov to participate in the Soviet "atomic project".

And the colonel, without any technical education, became the head of a special laboratory, which later grew into a secret institute.

Aleksander Konstantinovich in a certain way touched upon the events connected with the notorious “denunciation of Beria’s group”, since Meshik was in this group, was arrested and was put on trial.

The court in December 1953 handed down the death sentence to Lieutenant General Meshik, and Uralets-Ketov remained out of business for some time.

They looked at him as a Beria protégé, promoted by one of Beria's henchmen, and for some time were removed from the leadership of the institute.

In 1953, the colonel was dismissed from the MGB system, for more than two years he was considered to be in the "existing reserve", and in October 1955 he was also removed from there.

In the end, he was able to prove that he was not a Beria protégé, and returned to the institute, which he headed for more than 20 years.

Such an interesting career - from the leaders of the Gulag to the ranks of the foremost technical intelligentsia, in a sense, the technocratic elite of society.

It was very, very difficult to get a job in Moscow in the early 50s.

The capital provided its residents with the maximum possible amenities - a well-organized supply of grocery and industrial goods, a stable urban transport, public order, and exemplary utility services.

Here were the best theaters and the most interesting art exhibitions, literary novelties appeared here, the intellectual color of the Soviet society worked here.

It is no coincidence that Aleksander Tvardovskiy wrote about Moscow in those years: “they are rewarding with the capital”.

The propiska system worked in such a way that it cut off everyone who came to look for work on their own.

Only Muscovites received work in Moscow, and finding a job for a nonresident resident in the capital meant pulling out a winning lottery ticket.

The situation of those years related to getting a job in Moscow was described very well by Army General, First Deputy Chairman of the KGB, Philip Denisovich Bobkov in his momoirs.

In 1946, he graduated from the SMERSH school in Leningrad, located on Gorokhovaya Street, Building 2, and received a referral... to Moscow.

Bobkov was originally from the south of Russia, from Makeyevka, a large center of the coal industry.

He was, however, sent to Moscow, and this happened because of an anecdotal error: the secretary of the personnel department read the carelessly written word "Makeyevka" as "Moscow" and put the personal file of cadet Bobkov in a pile of "Muscovites".

When the technical error was clarified, it was too late to correct the situation - the list of Muscovite cadets went "ordered" by the Minister of State Security.

No one ventured to call Moscow and honestly say "we made a mistake".

As you know, Viktor Abakumov could have killed with a word (such historical legends are known), therefore, telling the minister that he had signed an incorrectly drafted order was concidered a suicide.

In the end, Bobkov came to Moscow, where, by the way, in 1955 he interrogated some of the parachutists caught by Boris Pasha.

In general, the very informative memoirs of F. D. Bobkov “The KGB and the authorities” can be recommended for attentive reading to all those who are interested in national history in general and the history of domestic special services in particular.

We will return to the lucky lottery ticket called "Moscow pass".

Aleksander Kolevatov pulled out such a ticket.

A graduate of a quite ordinary mining and metallurgical college from distant provincial Sverdlovsk managed to get to Moscow, to a secret scientific research institute.

In principle, a very good start in life is a stable job with a 15% surcharge for secrecy, a residence permit in the capital, a place in a hostel, a feeling of belonging to a great public matter (which is very important for a young man).

Aleksander was surrounded by interesting people; he turned out to be involved in the most advanced scientific search in the world (albeit as a senior laboratory assistant); he found time for leisure and hobbies - was engaged in target shooting, went on tourist trips.

During his "Moscow period" of life, Kolevatov visited Mount Saber in the Subpolar Urals, about 300 km. north of Otorten.

He was not drafted into the army, since work at the defense research institute provided Aleksander with an "armor".

In general, not a bad start in life, not bad at all.

As a senior laboratory assistant, Aleksander Kolevatov worked as juniour specialist for 3 years - from August 1953 to September 1956.

In 1955 he entered the All-Union Correspondence Polytechnic Institute (ACPI).

The purpose of admission is obvious - getting higher education with no mush sweat.

Correspondence education in Soviet times was considered a “freebie”, since the load on full-time students was much higher.

The "correspondence students" were, as a rule, non-resident people, had work experience, were often burdened with families, and the teachers treated them with a certain degree of condescension.

Meanwhile, the diplomas of correspondence and full-time studies were no different and the diploma obtained after the end of the full-time department did not give any privileges to its owner.

For Aleksander Kolevatov, training at the ACPI was a real gift - he continued to work quietly in the Moscow "mailbox", enjoyed paid vacations for the sessional period and, without burdening himself with his studies, could wait until he had become the owner of the cherished blue book with embossed inscription "Diploma".

However, after the end of the first course in the All-Union Correspondence "Polytech", something strange and illogical happened in the life of Kolevatov - Aleksander suddenly decided to change the institute.

And not just the institute, but also the form of education - instead of correspondence, to become full-time student.

And therefore, quit work.

And since he decided to study at the Sverdlovsk UPI, he also had to change his place of residence: abandoning Moscow, returning to Sverdlovsk.

This decision is completely inexplicable and at a lost from all points of view.

Drawing parallels with the modern way of life, we can say that the person abandoned a career in "Toyota" and returned from Tokyo in order to pool weeds in a dacha in his native Uryupinsk.

Not that Uryupinsk is a bad place by itslef, but life prospects there can't compare with those in Tokyo.

It is naive to think that young people in the mid-50s of the last century were not pragmatic and didn't have common sense.

And let the cinema and literature of those years diligently paint in front of us images of such fanatic members of the Komsomol with a glowing look of astonishment, in fact the youth of that time was far from one-dimensional.

In the remarkable and very informative work "Unknown USSR: the opposition of the people and the authorities" one can find a deep analysis of the state of the youth environment of those years.

There was a place for both the criminal subculture, and chauvinism, and oriental romance, and political skepticism - in general, the life position of the youth of those years was determined by the impact of this cocktail of conflicting (and sometimes incompatible) feelings and emotions.

There was a place at that time for youth gangs and groups organized according to the principle of territorial or national community; there was a spontaneous hatred against "cops and the party", the mention of which we will not find in the pathetic novels and films of those years.

The youth in the army was the most distinguished mansion, and many of the riots of that time were directly connected with the actions of either the soldiers or the mobilized youth (not to be confused with the current hazing!).

In general, V. A. Kozlov’s book "Unknown USSR: Opposition of People and Authorities" 1953-1985, Moscow, OLMA-PRESS, 2006, can be recommended for reading to anyone who is interested in forming an objective understanding of the Soviet society in "Khrushchev" times, to feel the dissatisfaction from the apparent one-sidedness of the official historical doctrine.

In the context of the theme of our essay, we would like to note that Aleksander Kolevatov was certainly not an elf who came to the Khrushchev USSR from a magical forest.

There is no doubt about his pragmatism and the ability to see his own profit.

This makes his move from Moscow to Sverdlovsk even stranger.

This move did not solve any problems, only created new ones.

Kolevatov was losing his job and, accordingly, he faced the task of replacing the money that had fallen out of his personal budget.

Instead of a measured study in the correspondence university, which required tension only for the duration of the sessions (moreover, at that time he received paid leave at his place of work!), Kolevatov had to adapt to a completely different schedule, much more intense.

Of course, having become a full-time student, he received all the bonuses that adorn student life at all times, but still this can not be the cost to have some fun.

And most importantly, Kolevatov changed the Moscow residence permit to Sverdlovsk, and in those days it was a completely unequal replacement.

Moving to Sverdlovsk could be explained by dismissal from work, they say, having lost a source of income, Aleksander decided to return to his homeland.

But we know that the order of events was reversed - Kolevatov was first transferred from the correspondence “Polytech” to Sverdlovsk and only then was dismissed.

Moreover, the reason for the dismissal was just “going to study at the university”, i.e. at UPI, because study at the All-Union Correspondence Polytech did not interfere with work.

Why do this?

This suggests a clear analogy with the situation that we saw in the case of Semyon Zolotaryov, i.e. the man moved to the Urals from a much more prosperous region.

A person decides to take such a step not at all because of altruism, no one in the USSR refused to go to Moscow residence only in order to be closer to his girlfriend or his sick mother.

For such a step, not only very strong reasons were required, but permanent bases, i.e. such, the action of which will persist for many years.

Just these bases can not always be seen or correctly interpreted by others.

Obviously, studying at the Sverdlovsk "Polytechnic" gave Kolevatov some serious advantages that it was impossible to get in the ACPI.

What could that be?

First of all, in the Sverdlovsk "Polytechnic" there was a military department, training on which allowed graduates to receive the title of reserve officer.

Correspondence form of education in ACPI did not provide for such a possibility.

The presence of the officer’s rank served as a guarantee against being called up for active military service as soldier.

However, in order to work at the Moscow Institute, Kolevatov did not really need this rank — the Minsredmash Research Institute could provide him with a deferment (this provision was not generally accepted at that time and, moreover, it was necessary to extend the delay every year until the onset of old age).

But the unusual situation of Kolevatov was that it was good for him to be called up for active military service from Moscow - his job was guaranteed on his return and in addition he would have been restored not as a juniour specialist with a temporary residence permit in Moscow, but a permanent worker.

With the provision of living space.

Thus Aleksander Kolevatov could turn into a 100% Muscovite and at the same time safely get an engineering degree, having graduated from the All-Union Correspondence “Polytechnic”.

However, this option definitely did not suit him.

There is no doubt that Aleksander had a different plan for his life.

And this plan definitely call for getting a rank of reserve officer.

As is known, after the massacre of Beria and the "Beria gang", Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev and his associates decided on a full-scale reform of the USSR state security system.

The demolition was cardinal and was carried out in several directions at the same time.

The KGB of the USSR, created on March 13, 1954, was very different from the state security apparatus created in the post-war years.

And, for the better.

The methods of work became much more civilized and humane.

As early as September 1953 Bureau №2 of Special Operations inside the country disappeared and never again appeared.

For the first time in the history of the Soviet state security operational work was organizationally combined with counterintelligence (in the framework of the Second Main Directorate), etc.

But the most significant was the change in the requirements for the personnel of the special services.

Khrushchev can hardly be called a technocrat, but for all its apparent simplicity, he was very respectful of people who had a technical education.

One of his sons was a pilot, the other worked in the rocket design bureau, which on its own says a lot.

After the arrest of Beria in the state security organs, a large purge was carried out, a large number of experienced workers either retire, were transferred to work at the police, or lost party membership and military ranks.

The total number of dismissed reached, according to various estimates, 16 thousand people, among them more than 40 generals.

Beginning in 1954, they were replaced by young employees of the new formation - not just young, healthy and dedicated to the party, but also with higher education.

For the security officers of the previous period, it was the norm for an employee without any special education to be engaged in operational work for a long time.

From the second half of the 50s, the requirement of having a higher education, which, by the way, persisted until the collapse of the USSR in 1991, became a requirement.

Graduates of technical universities (civil or military) were preferred, from the humanitarian disciplines the KGB were mainly lawyers.

A big plus for the candidates was knowledge of foreign languages, as well as sporting achievements, primarily in strength sports (wrestling, boxing, weightlifting) and shooting.

The logic of the Khrushchev reforms was clear: why take an ignoramus to the authorities and for several years try to make him an educated person, if you can initially select only literate people?

Many KGB employees of the “Khrushchev generation” made a good career in state security, rising to the Perestroika and even the collapse of the USSR.

For many years their human qualities determined the style of work of this department, which favorably differed from the mayhem that could be seen in the Stalin era.

After graduating from a military or civil university, a young officer who had already received an officer’s rank enrolled to the Committee was sent to receive one-year Higher Training Courses for operational personnel that existed in Leningrad, Minsk, Novosibirsk, Sverdlovsk, Tashkent and Tbilisi (border guards and intelligence officers had their educational institutions).

Higher Red Banner School of the KGB.

Dzerzhinsky in Moscow was focused on training the Committee’s personnel from among those who had served in active military service and did not have an officer’s rank (including warrant officers).

The Moscow Research Institute, in which Aleksander Kolevatov worked as a senior laboratory assistant, was permeated by KGB officers or by the Committee’s agents.

The practice of seconding state security staff to government agencies and industrial enterprises began in the late 1920s last century, with the end of the NEP (New Economic Policy).

In the staffing of any more or less serious organization, there were positions intended to be replaced either by state security staff members or by the existing reserve staff (for us, the difference between them is irrelevant).

In this case, the entire institute was headed by a colonel of state security with more than 30 years of experience, one might say, a veteran of the Cheka.

And besides the obvious "KGBists", there were agent networks (so-called "lines") in important defense enterprises, scientific research institutes and institutions of strategic industries, similar to those described above.

Only they were created and supervised not by the secret-operational part of the local administration of the GB (State Security), but by the counterintelligence unit of the same department (although, recall that since March 18, 1954, the secret-operational and counterintelligence support were organizationally combined in general units).

There is no doubt that Kolevatov was well known to the curators from the enterprise mode service and, moreover, he was known from the best side (according to the character reference).

Kolevatov obviously wanted to make a career in the field in which he worked - that is why he entered the All-Union Correspondence “Polytechnic”.

But then he received a more tempting offer - young, healthy, sports Komsomol members were so necessary to the State Security Committee!

Aleksander Kolevatov is an excellent athlete, a tourist, a member of the Komsomol bureau of the unit, leads the rifle section, has the third adult level in shooting.

Well, the rank, we suppose, is not the highest, but the Committee will learn ...!

Until now, we’ll measure the hardness of vanadium alloys according to Rockwell and Brinel, or maybe there is a desire to do another, more responsible assignment?

”They could have asked Aleksander during a talk in the office of the deputy director for the regime.

And Kolevatov did not reject the proposal, because no one would have refused in his place.

Such a proposal was prestigious, it testified to the complete trust of the management and promised an enchanting life perspective for the Ural chap.

But a correspondence student in “polytechnic” was not suitable for such a career.

He needed a full-time form of training - with the military department and shoulder straps of the reserve officer at the end.

Therefore, there was this very intriguing transfer to Sverdlovsk, in the UPI.

Why intriguing?

Because in the USSR it was not customary to transfer from correspondence education to full-time (on the contrary - easily, but from correspondence education - you get tired of asking, it was easier to quit and re-enter).

Why? - an interested reader will ask, accustomed to the commodity-money relations of the last decades and unable to understand all the intricacies of the administration of a high school that has long since disappeared from the state.

There were two reasons for this: firstly, the already mentioned difference in part-time and full-time education programs, the very “tardiness” of correspondence students, of which the teachers were well aware.

And secondly, full-time education, as opposed to correspondence education, gave a “armor” from the army, a deferment, and a person who wanted to make such a transition was considered someone that wants to avoid drafting in the army.

If the institute received a request for such a transfer, then the reaction: “Another smartypants wants to run away from the army!

Admitted as correspondence student, and when it came time to carry the "ninth" form in the draft board, decided quickly top transfer to full-time!

No, no, no, let him pull a soldier's strap like everybody else!"

Kolevatov would never have transferred from the All-Union Correspondence to the full-time department of the Sverdlovsk Polytech if someone powerful would not have asked for it in secret.

Kolevatov was transferred, which means that there was a convincing request.

There is a very interesting nuance in this transfer - it lies in the fact that the programs of different institutions are somewhat different.

And although the first course in any technical university is always basic, designed to compensate for the flaws of school, even its programs in technical universities differ.

Not to mention the fact that even within the framework of the same course, the requirements of teachers could be different as well.

In general, the transfer from the All-Union Correspondence “Polytechnic” to the full-time department of the Sverdlovsk UPI was not impossible, but difficult to implement in reality.

Kolevatov, however, managed to transfer successfully.

It is clear why Aleksander was transferred to UPI.

Firstly, he returned to his native home, which facilitated household arrangements, and secondly, the Sverdlovsk "Polytechnic Institute" trained specialists to work at nuclear facilities in the Urals and Siberia.

While studying at UPI, Kolevatov had the opportunity to meet many of his future colleagues in an informal setting, which increased his value as a future counterintelligence officer.

There is another very interesting point to our attention.

Aleksander Kolevatov had a Finnish knife with a black handle and leather sheath.

In principle, it was impossible to surprise anyone with this kind of knives at that time, camp craftsmen were sharpening similar products from saws and files, with the popular “makeshift” handles from plexiglass or textolite rings (such knives immortalized Vladimir Vysotsky in his song)

Neither dare nor risk, but took the risk // Make knives from files! // They will stick into lungs // Black nicotine, // Tri-color dials // Light handles (...) ").

But Kolevatov had a Finnish knife was registered at the police station, and he had a permit to carry it.

For those times unprecedented law-abiding!

Especially if we take into account that every second student of a FZU (middle professional technical school) in those years either had a screwdriver, an awl, or a file in the pocket of the quilted jacket, and with the onset of twilight youth gangs controlled entire urban areas.

There can be only one explanation for this: Kolevatov did not want a single black spot in his biography, which even a trivial drive to the police for illegal possession of cold weapons with the registration of the relevant protocol could become.

Such attention to the purity of the biography can be demonstrated only by a person who associates with great formal life prospects the formal impeccability of the questionnaire.

A drive to the police could not serve as a basis for expulsion from the institute or from the military department, in other words, this kind of problem could not interfere with the engineering career of Aleksander Kolevatov.

Nobody would put him in jail, he wouldn’t deprive him of freedom, well, they would reproach him at a Komsomol meeting, would have reprimanded him (not even a reprimand) - that's all! Basically, no big deal.

However, a single drive to the police could be enough to deny admission to the KGB.

If Aleksander in 1957 really got into the personnel reserve of the Committee and he was promised admission to the special service after the end of "Polytech", then he was also told about the need to completely eliminate any, even the most minor, violations of the law.

Observing this requirement, Aleksander went to register his knife at the police station.

Summarizing all the above, I would like to note: we cannot assert with absolute confidence that Aleksander was firmly associated with the Committee, however, the high probability of that is evident from the unusual circumstances of his life.





















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  • 3 tygodnie później...

LET THEM TALK, DMITRIY BORISOV 02/12/2019

 

 

“I know the secret of the Dyatlov pass.”

This episode includes what role might Zolotaryov play in Dyatlov Pass incident, Mansi participation in the case and the avalanche prosecutors went to investigate on the pass.

There is a twist of psychic insight at the end.

Intro: Today in the studio is a man who is claiming that for many years he kept the secret of the Mansi shamans.

What role could Semyon Zolotaryov play in the deaths of the Dyatlov group.

He was much older than the rest of the hikers.

During his exhumation in the grave was found a person who is not Semyon Zolotaryov.

How can modern technology help solve the mystery of Dyatlov Pass incident.

I have only introduced the people that are life in the studio.

SEMYON ZOLOTARYOV

2:05
Vladimir Sungorkin (Владимир Сунгоркин) - journalist, general director of "Komsomolskaya Pravda" - how did he fought the war, the medals he received, he gives contradictory information about himself. His name was Semyon but he chose to represent himself as Aleksander. After the war he traveled a lot throughout the country including in secret cities.
2:53
Natalya Varsegova (Наталя Варсегова) - Komsomolskaya Pravda journalist. She confirms the discrapacies in the name of Zolotaryov. His name on the papers and in the burial act is Semyon while throughout the case files his name is Aleksander. Natalya says that none of his relatives or students remembers the tattoos that the coroner found on his body in 1959. She says that the tattoos were on places that are visible i.e. the wrist, the forearm. Who buried Zolotaryov, maybe KGB? Then we found out that his grave was never filled in the cemetery registry. In other words Zolotaryov's grave doesn't exist on paper. Who is buried in Zolotaryov's grave? The relatives agreed an exhumation to be carried out.
4:31
Lyudmila Komova (Людмила Комова) - Semyon Zolotaryov's stepdaughter. She describes Semyon as a harsh man. He was very tough on the kids. She says that Semyon liked to take photos. She has many unpleasant memories of Zolotaryov. he never beat them, but at all times required discipline. She doesn't remember anything about the trek because Zolotaryov and her mother parted in 1957. Sasha, their baby boy was born in Feb 1957 (he is born in 1956 - ed. note). She says different story from what we know, that one day when she and her mother went to get Sasha form daycare he was taken by his father. That her mother went to cry at Zolotaryov's mother house and they never saw Sasha again. 7:33 (photo baby Sasha) Lyudmila says that they have been outing on a lake when she clearly remembers Zolotaryov's bare arms and a tattoo of any kind would have made an impression on her.
8:42
Dmitriy Borisov recaps what can this all mean - that somebody else was posing as Zolotaryov?
8:59
Vladimir Sungorkin is saying that the tattoos were on very prominent places of the body that Zolotaryov was teaching physical education to pupils where it was unacceptable to show tattoos. There are many photos with Zolotaryov not wearing sleeves, where these strange tattoos would be visible. While we were researching his life we found photos and documents with discrepancies. He said that he was on places during the was and awarded with certain medals, and the papers showed he was in different locations and was given different medals. As if he didn't know his own biography or was a pathological liar. The medals he claimed were not necessarily better than the ones that he, or who he claimed to be got in life. We found that his brother was a German spy and most probably was executed.
10:20
Dmitriy Borisov says so you decided to exhume Zolotaryov's grave to make sure there is a body in the grave, and that he didn't escape from the incident alive, and in his place in the grave was buried somebody else.
10:36
Natalya Varsegova says that this was their intention and after submitting samples for expertise they ended up in a very peculiar situation with two DNA results one of them saying that this is not Zolotaryov and the other saying that this is Zolotaryov but his brother can not be excluded.
12:50
Natalya Varsegova believes that the person that took part in the hike to Otorten in 1959 was semyon Zolotaryov.
13:09
Aleksandr Koshkin (Александр Кошкин) - researcher. Zolotaryov from the photos looks like Semyon Zolotaryov from the photographs before the war, skull superimposition.
13:43
Sergey Dolya (Сергей Доля) traveler, host of the REN TV tells us his won experience on the pass like how difficult it was to go in the snow, and the snow covered within hours all the tracks. he says that there are so many inexplicable details in this case that we start inventing extraterrestrial presence and see fireballs in the sky.
15:20
Aleksandr Koshkin starts arguing about the fireballs.
15:42
Sergey Lipin (Сергей Липин) guide, leading expeditions to Dyatlov Pass. For 2018 he took 12 expeditions to Dyatlov Pass and didn't see any abnormal phenomena.

MANSI SHAMANS

17:37
Anatoliy Stepochkin (Анатолий Стёпочкин) says he knows what happened on Dyatlov Pass. (Ed. note - I am translating what Anatoliy Stepochkin said in Komsomolskaya Pravda interview since it is more concise and informative.)

- In 1981, I was driving a tractor in Karpinsk. Around New Year, they sent me with another driver Anatoliy Bezdenazhniy to Saranpaul for fish. It was necessary to bring 6 tons. We drove through Ivdel, Burmantovo. The road is hard, only the off-road vehicle can get through the taiga. At some point not far from a small river we saw a tent, solid, like a small yurt. Two dogs run, at the entrance lies elk meat. The owner was not there.We got to Saranpaul, loaded the fish. On the way back, we again drove up to this tent. Then a man came out to meet us. We asked to spend the night with him, and he agreed. The tent was warm, there were bunks, a warm stove. Meat is cooking. We pulled out a bottle of vodka and drank it. Tolya went to bed. And I talked with the owner. He turned out to be a hunter, but his gun broke. And shows me his TOZ-34. I look - for sure, the butt is hanging. I say: let me give you my gun (I had a German Sauer), and you give me your broken gun and dog. He had very good dogs. Looking ahead, I’ll say that later we went with the dog hunting moose and bear. It was a great dog! So we did the exchange. He got out Mansi mash. We drank it. I asked him: “How come you live your door open? The meat lies next to the tent. And you are not hiding anything.” He answered me: “We don’t need to hide anything. We are the owners here. And if someone takes something, we will find it. We had one case. Hikers in the mountains looted our sacred place. Shamans and hunters found out, tracked them down. And in the middle of the night, when they fell asleep, the shamans cut the tarp and launched some kind of dope inside. Hunters surrounded the tent. And when the hiekrs jumped out, we killed them all. They were 9 or 10.

- And did that Mansi said in what year it happened?

- He didn't say and I didn’t ask. I then said: so you should have been punished for the murder? And he answered: "The hunters were catching the hikers and passing them to the shamans. We own this place and we do what we want. We will never offend people, we will always help, but there is no need to violate our sacred places.

The TOZ-34 shotgun was confiscated as an evidence on a criminal case in Verhotursk, and it is now disappeared without a trace.

20:49
Vladimir Sungorkin says that Mansi were the very first to be questioned. Two Mansi in particular were interrogated and left in the cold. he says that this theory was long ago discarded, that indigenous people can not keep a secret for so long. he says that there were cases of somebody to have been killed and 3-4 mins were enough for the Mansi to start talking.
22:00
Oleg Arhipov (Олег Архипов) writer and Dyatlov Pass researcher. He says that Stepan Nikolaevich Kurikov who took part in the search, was a Deputy of the city legislative assembly of Ivdel in 1959 and part-time shaman. Stepan Nikolaevich said that there were no payer mountains on Dyatlov group route.
22:34
Aleksandr Koshkin says that Mansi sacred places were 50 km along the route were Dyatlov group were going.
22:40
Dmitriy Borisov says there were rumors of rape.
22:50
Oleg Arhipov says that Vozrozhdenny's coroner reports sayy thegirls were virgin.
22:52
Aleksandr Koshkin in defence of the Mansi they wouldn't leave the alcohol. Then he start going on about a red shirt that was found at the cedar that belonged to one of the victims with fractured skull (Thibeaux-Brignoll) who had his jacket on and why would he take off his shirt and put back the jacket on. In short - the shamans would not re-dress the bodies.
23:54
Oleg Arhipov documents from Korotaev show that the son of Stepan Nikolaevich Kurikov shot and killed a man in a hunting accident on Mt Chistop. Stepan Nikolaevich personally brought his son to the Militia.
24:40
Valeriy Anyamov (Валерий Анямов) son of Aleksey Alekseevich Anyamov, member of the search part in 1959. I was little then, but I remember that the color of the bodies was red. What felt strange is that the bodies were guarded. Who were they guarded from? There were only searchers in the area. Yes, I heard that military group went after Dyatlov group in their tracks.
25:35
Vladimir Sungorkin says these could be the serach group, the army took part in the search.
25:43
Mihail Sharavin (Михаил Шаравин) member of the first search group in 1959. The search parties were dropped off with helicopters. They didn't traverse. You are referring to the interview with Sambindalov, Kuntsevich has it, where the Mansi hunter says there were tracks from narrow skis, presumably from Dyatlov group, and a group of military men went along this track before the first search group arrived.
26:38
Vladimir Sungorkin says that in the search took part air force, and the ministry of internal affairs i.e. the Ivdellag. There were small settlements and when the alarm was raised they joined the search.
27:05
Mihail Sharavin says that we don't have to concentrate our attention now on the army. All we know that other people on narrow skis pass through the area in the interval between Dyatov group and the search party.
27:22
Dmitriy Borisov says the Prosecutors are opening new investigation with a statue of limitation 60 years now.
27:56
Lyudmila Dmitrieva (Людмила Дмитриева) actress, National Actress of Russia. She says that she saw fireballs.
29:43
A hermit woman, the reaction when they show her the faces of the hikers, and then their crumpled bodies. The recluse mumbuls something about red and fire.
31:02
Sergey Fadeev (Сергей Фадеев) researcher. he wants to talk about something that is not what Dmitriy Borisov is asking him, something about the case files not being in order.
33:04
Vladimir Sungorkin says that the Procecutors have been implying that if neccessary they would exhume the rest of the bodies.
33:30
Sergey Fadeev is saying that the the stamps on the case files are not consistant.
34:07
Dmitriy Borisov say that maybe it was the way they did it back then.
35:14
Sergey Fadeev attacks the coroner reports even saying that maybe Vozrozhdenny didn't describe what he was seeing. For example externally in Kolevatov there is a deformed neck but internally there is nothing.
35:33
Dmitriy Borisov says that maybe here is the moment to mention Dubinina's torn tongue and missing eyes.
35:45
Еduard Tumanov (Эдуард Туманов) coroner. He says th emissing soft tossues are very common with bodies left in the nature with wildlife. People like to see some mystery where there is none.
36:35
Dmitriy Alyoshkin (Дмитрий Алёшкин) - extreme survival specialist. He says a case with hikers found in summer 2 weeks after they died in the forest were missing all the lips, end of ears, nose, eyes, tongues.
37:10
Еduard Tumanov says that the color is also not as strange as people say it is. The color is due to the exposed body parts to extremely low temperatures and strong winds.
37:40
Past interview with Yuri Yudin where he says that these were very well trained people in top shape and that when he left them he was sure that nothing bad can happen to them. Storm, blizzard, they were prepared for this. bad weather was expected in this area. Yudin says the government knew what happened and the color of the victims was strange, dark brown. Their traumas were lethal. You can't get these injuries by falling.

AVALANCHE

40:16
Evgeniy Buyanov (Евгений Буянов) author if "Mystery of the Death of Dyatlov group". No technogen, fireballs were rocket from Baykonur. Andrey Valentinovich Kuryakov - Head of the Prosecutor’s Office of the Sverdlovsk Region said on Feb 1, 1959 that the criminal versions of the incident are excluded and the Prosecutors are going to investigate only avalanche, snow slab and hurricane. This aligns perfectly with Evgeniy Buyanov's theory of the incident being caused by an avalanche. In his book Evgeniy Buyanov says that the fireballs sightings were R-7 intercontinental missile launched from Baykonur Cosmodrome, and the radiation contamination is from nuclear test in Chyornaya Guba. Buyanov says that the tragedy had two factors:
  1. Small amount of snow slide because the hikers dug up a hole. He is saying the snow slab would not have happened if the group didn't weaken the layers. He says that the forester Rempel warned them about the strong wind.
  2. The huricane that appeared in the night of the tragedy.

According to Buyanov these two factors explain all the facts. There was a peak in the solar activity between 1957 and 1959 that caused all the elements of nature to accede their normal behavior. In this period of time the mountaineering accidents were way higher number than normal. Chizhevskiy discovered this.

People start asking questions, why were they in their underwear, why weren't they running, why couldn't they get some items with them that will help them survive. Buyanov says the temperature was -28°C (-18°F)

45:10
Vladimir Sungorkin says that the avalanche theory is impossible.
45:55
Mihail Sharavin says that f there was no avalanche, he was the first to find the tent, there was no avalanche.
46:40
Dmitriy Alyoshkin says in -31°C (-24°CF) your first reaction would be to cover yourself. You wont be ruining one km down the slope in your underwear.
46:58
Ilya Sagliani (Илья Саглиани) - public figure, researcher of abnormal phenomena. He says that something frightened the hikers to flee from the tent, but this was obviously not an avalanche.
47:21
Ekaterina Olkina (Екатерина Олькина) - actress. She feels for the deceased families and relatives.
48:22
Fatima Hadueva ( Фатима Хадуева) - psychic, psychoesoteric. She wants to go as far away as she can, so much pain she feels. She says we are all rational adults, so why would we want to reopen the case on first place? For the hikers rehabilitation? They are not on trial. For their families? They are not suicidal. So they dies, what do you want to know?
49:03
Dmitriy Borisov say this is what we all want to know, how did they die. This is what all the people that dedicated more than a year of their lives to investigate the case what to know. (Applause)
49:14
Fatima Hadueva says "You are missing one moment. Did the hikers know what they are doing?" Yes, "Did they know where are they going?" Yes, "It says everywhere that they went to have fun." Yes, "they were in vacation, do you believe that they went for recreation?" Mixed response, "You have to understand, I was feeling, seeing, understanding Dyatlov, he was ambitious, strong headed, he wouldn't just go to have fun. he would have spend this time to research, learn and try new things." So what to think happened? "This is complicated matter, not a piece of cake, one actions leads to another." So you think this was a murder? "Prosecutors, pay attention, I am giving you the solution. First you have to remember that this was the Soviet Union. Second we have the local people. As a specialist in interethnic relations I can tell you that they are also ambitions and defensive of their territory." What exactly happen on Dyatlov Pass? "Zolotaryov was to blame, he changed with somebody else, they (the hikers) were doing experiments and there was a whiff of radiation." Whiff of? "Well not a whiff of radiation but chemical, and our government was not stupid, there was radiation there, and they knew the portal of time that existed there. Awfully many things happen in this zone of anomaly."
51:55
Timofey Bazhenov (Тимофей Баженов) TV presenter, traveler. "I am not buying any of this."
52:01
Fatima Hadueva "There is a zone that has very strong winds, and winds are very important. In ancient tales there is an expression howling of the wind. What contributed to their demise was fear, sound, and hysteria. And then what happened was murder. This is not an accident."
52:21
Dmitriy Borisov brings Tempalov memo up again as a source of maybe an evidence of what happened. We are waiting for the Prosecutors to announce their findings. Wrap up.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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  • 4 tygodnie później...

Exactly an year ago I was dreaming of going to Dyatlov Pass and my wish actually came true.

 

I must be doing something right.

 

This coming year I wish and believe that the truth will finally come out one way or another.

 

I have reasons to hold to this statement.

 

 

 

"There are only two ways to live your life.

One is as though nothing is a miracle.

The other is as though everything is a miracle." – Albert Einstein


Life will be richer if one is of the later disposition.

But, it is not by any miracle that we will learn the truth.

The truth comes after decades of tireless research, and I am proud to be its ambassador.

I know this all may sound mysterious and ambiguous, but I am giving you a heads up.

I am leaving this token under the Christmas tree.

2020 will be a milestone for the Dyatlov Pass case.

Godspeed and don't stop believing!

https://www.facebook.com/dyatlovmania/posts/1960849114211021

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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  • 3 tygodnie później...

Lyudmila Morgunova, Rustem Slobodin's sister, flew from New York where she lives now to meet with the chairman of Dyatlov Foundation - Yuri Kuntsevich, and brought some new documents from her family archive that we hope to see soon.

 

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  • 2 tygodnie później...

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Hiking experience of Dyatlov group
Officially by October 1959 the hiking sports section of UPI club lists: Category I - 1; Category II - 9; Category III - 77
How does a hiker obtain a category, Maslennikov Case files 62-75:
"To obtain, for example, 2nd category one must have five expeditions, of which 3 expeditions must be of category 1 and 2 expeditions of category 2."
Hiking experience of the members of the Dyatlov group reinstated from available publications and recollections of other fellow hikers.
Igor Dyatlov
At the time of the application for the last trek, he had 9 hikes (Case files 201) / 10 according to the reference of the UPI sports club, incl. three 1st cat., three 2nd cat., three 3rd cat.
1959 New Year
Weekend hike* on Chusovaya river
I. Dyatlov (leader), A. Kolevatov
* Short trips either at the end of the week, or on holidays (non-working) days.
Can take a few days.
Weekend hikes are not complex and were not assigned categories.
Hikers could spend the night not in tents, but in camps and stations, if the route passed near a camp site.
1958 December
Campaign to Smolinskie caves, 25 km ski crossing: village of Smolino - village of Klevakino
I. Dyatlov, Z. Kolmogorova, V. Halizov, L. Blinkova, T. Zaikina, E. Zinovyev, total of 75 hikers
1958 winter, Category III
Subpolar Ural: st. Kozhim - Severnaya Naroda - Mt. Narodnaya - Manaraga river - Kosyu river
M. Akselrod (leader), I. Dyatlov, P. Bartolomey, N. Han, V. Halizov, E. Chubarev
1958 Jul 31 - 22 Aug, Category III
Hike in Altai: village of Inya - river mouth - Akem - Akemskoe lake - Argut river - Karagem - Chegan - Uzun
I. Dyatlov (leader), P. Bartolomey, R. Sedov, R. Slobodin, N. Thibeaux-Brignolle, N. Tregubov, V. Halizov, A. Budrin, V. Shunin, Y. Yudin
1958 summer, Category II-III
Hiking and water trek in Central Sayan Mountains: ascend to Edelstein peak (2649 m)
I. Dyatlov, V. Brusnytsin, Y. Doroshenko, L. Dubinina, Z. Kolmogorova, I. Pasynkov, B. Slobtsov, V. Halizov
1957 November
3-day holiday hike in Middle Ural
I. Dyatlov, I. Pasynkov
1957 Feb 10-26, Category II
Hike in Northern Ural: N. Toshemka - upper sources of Vizhay river - ascend to Mt. Ekvachakhl 1290m - source of Ivdel river - Ivdel river between the ridges of Hozatump and Kent Nyer - Ivdel
I. Dyatlov (leader), B. Bychkov, L. Grigoryeva, Z. Kolmogorova, M. Mitrofanova, N. Oshtepkova, L. Russkyh, N. Thibeaux-Brignolle, N. Tregubov, V. Halizov, E. Chubarev, V. Shunin
1957 Aug 24-Sep 16, Category II
Traverse in Caucasus Mountains: city of Nalchik - Baksan - alpine camp "Nakra" - Bassa Pass - city of Suhumi (Chegem - Donguz - Oron)
I. Dyatlov (leader), L. Blinkova, Y. Volegov, L. Grigoryeva, Z. Kolmogorova, N. Oshtepkova, L. Russkih, P. Tarzin, N. Tregubov, V. Halizov, E. Chubarev, V. Shunin
1957 summer, Category I
Trek in Middle Ural
I. Dyatlov (leader)
1957 March - April
Training on the slope of Volchihi
I. Dyatlov, E. Zinovyev
1956 November, Category I
Weekend trek for 3 days till the 7th on Chusovaya river: Kuzino station - Nizhnee village - village Treka - village Kamenka - Kuzino station
I. Dyatlov (leader), L. Dubinina, E. Zinovyev, Y. Krivonischenko, N. Popov, N. Thibeaux-Brignolle, N. Tregubov, Z. Kolmogorova, about 50 hikers in total
1956 summer, Category III
Hiking and water trek in Eastern Sayan Mountains: Idarskoe - Tushinskoe - Chyornoe bologorya - Medvezhye lake - ascend to Peak Grandiozniy - Kazyr river - Minusinks
V. Korolyov (leader), I. Dyatlov, M. Akselrod, P. Bartolomey, A. Budrin
1955 winter, Category I
Ski trek in Southern Ural: Karabash - Mt. Taganay - Mt. Ipyil - Zlatoust - Miass
I. Dyatlov, route book №124
1955 summer, Category II
Hike and water trek in Northern Ural: Cheremhovo - Mt. Denezhkin Kamen - Vishera river - Krasnovisherks
I. Dyatlov (leader), Z. Kolmogorova, total of 4 students of radio electronics and information technology UPI
1955 March
Weekend trek in Chertovo Gorodishte
I. Dyatlov, Z. Kolmogorova
1951 summer, Category II
Water trek in Middle Ural: Kourovskaya base Chusovaya river - Molotov
I. Dyatlov, A. Grigoryev, M. Dyatlov, V. Poluyanov, V. Poluyanova

In 1951 Igor Dyatlov was still in school.
He was taken on a hike by his older brother, who studied at the UPI, Mstislav Dyatlov.
Zinaida Kolmogorova
At the time of the application for the last trek, she had 6 hikes (Case files 201) / 8 according to the reference of the UPI sports club, incl. one 1st cat., four (five) 2nd cat., one 3rd cat.
1958 December
Propaganda ski trek in Smolinskie caves, 25 км: village of Smolino - village of Klevakino
I. Dyatlov, Z. Kolmogorova, V. Halizov, L. Blinkova, T. Zaikina, E. Zinovyev, total of 75 hikers
1958 winter, Category II
Northern Ural: Is settlement - Mt. Lilyanskiy Kamen - Kytlym settlement - Mt Konzhakovskiy Kamen - Karpinsk
Z. Kolmogorova (leader), Y. Doroshenko, Y. Yudin
1958 autumn
Z. Kolmogorova was awarded a diploma of the Sverdlovsk Civil Committee of physical education and sport under the Executive Committee of the City Council of Workers' Deputies for 1st place in the women's hiking competitions in honor of the 40th anniversary of the Lenin Komsomol.
1958 summer, Category II-III
Hiking and water trek in Central Sayan Mountains: ascend to Edelstein peak (2649 m)
I. Dyatlov, V. Brusnytsin, Y. Doroshenko, L. Dubinina, Z. Kolmogorova, I. Pasynkov, B. Slobtsov, V. Halizov
1958 July, Category III
Hike and water trek in East Sayan: village of Zharovskoe - Bazybayskiy water threshold - Edelstein peak (2649 m) - Peak Grandiozniy - Vaskina river - Kazyr river - village of Zharovskoe
A. Budrin (leader), T. Budrina (his wife), Y. Blinov, L. Grigoryeva, Y. Kiselev, Z. Kolmogorova, Y. Doroshenko, I. Pasynkov, G. Starobudsev, B. Sychev
1958 spring
Hiking on Upper Altai
Z. Kolmogorova
1958 May
Labor Day propaganda trek to the area of Lower Serginskie caves
V. Shulyatyev, Z. Kolmogorova
1957 Feb 10-26, Category II
Hike in Northern Ural: N. Toshemka - upper sources of Vizhay river - ascend to Mt. Ekvachakhl 1290m - source of Ivdel river - Ivdel river between the ridges of Hozatump and Kent Nyer - Ivdel
I. Dyatlov (leader), B. Bychkov, L. Grigoryeva, Z. Kolmogorova, M. Mitrofanova, N. Oshtepkova, L. Russkyh, N. Thibeaux-Brignolle, N. Tregubov, V. Halizov, E. Chubarev, V. Shunin
1957 Aug 24-Sep 16, Category II
Traverse in Caucasus Mountains: city of Nalchik - Baksan - alpine camp "Nakra" - Bassa Pass - city of Suhumi (Chegem - Donguz - Oron)
I. Dyatlov (leader), L. Blinkova, Y. Volegov, L. Grigoryeva, Z. Kolmogorova, N. Oshtepkova, L. Russkih, P. Tarzin, N. Tregubov, V. Halizov, E. Chubarev, V. Shunin
1956 November, Category I
Weekend trek for 3 days till the 7th on Chusovaya river: Kuzino station - Nizhnee village - village Treka - village Kamenka - Kuzino station
I. Dyatlov (leader), L. Dubinina, E. Zinovyev, Y. Krivonischenko, N. Popov, N. Thibeaux-Brignolle, N. Tregubov, Z. Kolmogorova, about 50 hikers in total
1956
Z. Kolmogorova awarded the diploma of the Sverdlovsk regional council VSS (Voluntary Sports Society) "Burevestnik" ("Petrel") as part of a team that took 1st place in the first group in the championship of the city’s universities in hiking in 1956.
1956 July, Category II
Hiking and water trek Southern Ural, Bashkortostan: city of Zlatoust - Zyuratkul lake - Mt. Iremel - Yuryuzan river - Mt Yaman Tau - Small Inzer river
N. Tregubov (leader), I. Dyatlov *, Z. Kolmogorova, Y. Volegov, N. Oshtepkova, N. Reneva, L. Sokolova, G. Starobudsev, Y. Sharninym
* N. Tregubov in 2016 said that they went without Dyatlov, who at that time was on a trek in the Sayan Mountains.
1956 spring, Category I
Trek in Middle Ural
Z. Kolmogorova (leader)
1955 summer, Category II
Hike and water trek in Northern Ural: Cheremhovo - Mt Denezhkin Kamen - Vishera river - Krasnovisherks
I. Dyatlov (leader), Z. Kolmogorova, total 4 students Radio Electronics and Information Technology UPI
1955 March
Weekend hike in Chertovo Gorodishte
I. Dyatlov, Z. Kolmogorova
Lyudmila Dubinina
At the time of the application of the last campaign, she had 4 hikes (Case files 201, reference of the UPI sports club), incl. one 1st cat., three 2nd cat.
1958 winter, Category II
Middle Ural: Cheremhovo settlement - Mt Denezhkin Kamen - Mt Konzhakovskiy Kamen - Kytlym settlement
Y. Blinov (leader), L. Dubinina, L. Kotelnikova, K. Svechnikova, I. Pasynkov, B. Ivankov, S. Devyatov
1958 summer, Category II-III
Hiking and water trek in Central Sayan Mountains: ascend to Edelstein peak (2649 m)
I. Dyatlov, V. Brusnytsin, Y. Doroshenko, L. Dubinina, Z. Kolmogorova, I. Pasynkov, B. Slobtsov, V. Halizov
1958 summer II Southern Ural: Ust-Katav - Sergienskie caves - Dvoynishi station - Big Shelom - Mt Yaman Tau - Mt Iremel - Zyuratkul lake
L. Dubinina (leader), G. Batalova
1957 summer, Category II
Hike and water trek in Eastern Sayan: Zharovskoe - Bazybayskiy water threshhold - Sobolinka rievr - Bazybay river - Kazyr river - village of Gulyaevska
P. Bartolomey (leader), E. Zinovyev, L. Dubinina, A. Ivlev, B. Martyushev, Y. Doroshenko, Y. Yudin, G. Radosteva, L. Kiseleva
V. Brusnytsin (leader), S. Trenin, V. Markovskiy, V. Kiselev, O. Nikitina, N. Solovyova, B. Slobtsov, A. Selezneva
1956 November, Category I
Weekend trek for 3 days till the 7th on Chusovaya river: Kuzino station - Nizhnee village - village Treka - village Kamenka - Kuzino station
I. Dyatlov (leader), L. Dubinina, E. Zinovyev, Y. Krivonischenko, N. Popov, N. Thibeaux-Brignolle, N. Tregubov, Z. Kolmogorova, about 50 hikers in total
1956 summer, Category I
Southern Ural: Ilmenskiy Zapovednik with hiking permit
L. Dubinina
Yuri Doroshenko
At the time of the application for the last trek he had no official hikes (Case files 201) / 5 according to the reference of the UPI sports club, incl. one 1st cat., two 2nd cat., one 3rd cat.
At the beginning of 1958, he had category 3 in hiking and 2 summer treks cat. 2 and 3.
1958 winter II Northern Ural: пос. Ис - г. Лялинский Камень - пос. Кытлым - Mt Konzhakovskiy Kamen - city of Karpinsk
Z. Kolmogorova (leader), Y. Doroshenko, Y. Yudin
1958 summer, Category II-III
Hiking and water trek in Central Sayan Mountains: ascend to Edelstein peak (2649 m)
I. Dyatlov, V. Brusnytsin, Y. Doroshenko, L. Dubinina, Z. Kolmogorova, I. Pasynkov, B. Slobtsov, V. Halizov
1958 July, Category III
Hike and water trek in East Sayan: village of Zharovskoe - Bazybayskiy water threshold - Edelstein peak (2649 m) - Peak Grandiozniy - Vaskina river - Kazyr river - village of Zharovskoe
A. Budrin (leader), T. Budrina (his wife), Y. Blinov, L. Grigoryeva, Y. Kiselev, Z. Kolmogorova, Y. Doroshenko, I. Pasynkov, G. Starobudsev, B. Sychev
1957 February, Category I
Middle Ural: along Chusovaya river from Staroutkinska to Martyanovo village, ascend to Mt. Starik-Kamen
Y. Doroshenko (leader), E. Zinovyev, B. Martyushev, Y. Blinov, Y. Yudin, E. Pavlov, L. Kiseleva, I. Bushueva, O. Golovan, G. Startseva, E. Biryukova, M. Pinchug, R. Brehunova, Y. Krotov, K. Svechnikova, R. Tipikina, L. Kotelnikova, E. Tsarporodtseva, B. Ivankov and T. Kadrotova
1957 summer, Category II
Hike and water trek in Eastern Sayan: Zharovskoe - Bazybayskiy water threshhold - Sobolinka rievr - Bazybay river - Kazyr river - village of Gulyaevska
P. Bartolomey(leader), E. Zinovyev, L. Dubinina, A. Ivlev, B. Martyushev, Y. Doroshenko, Y. Yudin, G. Radosteva, L. Kiseleva
V. Brusnytsin (leader), S. Trenin, V. Markovskiy, V. Kiselev, O. Nikitina, N. Solovyova, B. Slobtsov, A. Selezneva
1956 November, Category I
Weekend trek for 3 days till the 7th on Chusovaya river: Kuzino station - Nizhnee village - village Treka - village Kamenka - Kuzino station
I. Dyatlov (leader), L. Dubinina, E. Zinovyev, Y. Krivonischenko, N. Popov, N. Thibeaux-Brignolle, N. Tregubov, Z. Kolmogorova, about 50 hikers in total
Nikolay Thibeaux-Brignolle
At the time of the application for the last trek, he had 6 hikes (Case files 201) / 5 according to the reference of the UPI sports club, incl. three (two) 1st cat., two 2nd cat., and one 3rd cat.
1958 winter I Middle Ural
V. Shunin (leader), N. Thibeaux-Brignolle
1958 Jul 31 - 22 Aug, Category III
Hike in Altai: village of Inya - river mouth - Akem - Akemskoe lake - Argut river - Karagem - Chegan - Uzun
I. Dyatlov (leader), P. Bartolomey, R. Sedov, R. Slobodin, N. Thibeaux-Brignolle, N. Tregubov, V. Halizov, A. Budrin, V. Shunin, Y. Yudin
1957 Feb 10-26, Category II
Hike in Northern Ural: N. Toshemka - upper sources of Vizhay river - ascend to Mt. Ekvachakhl 1290m - source of Ivdel river - Ivdel river between the ridges of Hozatump and Kent Nyer - Ivdel
I. Dyatlov (leader), B. Bychkov, L. Grigoryeva, Z. Kolmogorova, M. Mitrofanova, N. Oshtepkova, L. Russkyh, N. Thibeaux-Brignolle, N. Tregubov, V. Halizov, E. Chubarev, V. Shunin
1956 November, Category I
Weekend trek for 3 days till the 7th on Chusovaya river: Kuzino station - Nizhnee village - village Treka - village Kamenka - Kuzino station
I. Dyatlov (leader), L. Dubinina, E. Zinovyev, Y. Krivonischenko, N. Popov, N. Thibeaux-Brignolle, N. Tregubov, Z. Kolmogorova, about 50 hikers in total
1956 summer, Category II
Hike in Southern Ural: city of Zlatoust - Zyuratkul lake - village of Aleksandrovka - Mt Yaman Tau - Dvoynisha station
N. Thibeaux-Brignolle (leader)
Yuri Krivonischenko
By 1959 he had the qualification of “Junior Instructor in Hiking” (1957), 2nd category in hiking (1957). At the time of the application for the last trek, he had 6 hikes (according to his registration card), although they were not indicated in the application for the trip (Case files 201) / 7 according to the reference of the UPI sports club, incl. three 1st cat., three 2nd cat.
1957 winter, Category II
Northern Ural: city of Karpinsk - Mt Olvinskiy Kamen - Mt Konzhakovskiy Kamen - Kytlym settlement - city of Karpinsk
Y. Krivonischenko (leader), B. Sychev
1957 summer, Category II
Hike and water trek in Eastern Sayan: village of Zharovskoe - Bаzybayskiy water threshhold - Bаzybayskiy Belok - Eastern Kitat river - Kazyr river - village of Gulyaevska
Pavlinov (leader), Y. Krivonischenko
1957 spring
Hike in Middle Ural: Mt Azov
Y. Krivonischenko (leader)
1956 November, Category I
Weekend trek for 3 days till the 7th on Chusovaya river: Kuzino station - Nizhnee village - village Treka - village Kamenka - Kuzino station
I. Dyatlov (leader), L. Dubinina, E. Zinovyev, Y. Krivonischenko, N. Popov, N. Thibeaux-Brignolle, N. Tregubov, Z. Kolmogorova (about 50 hikers in total)
1956 summer Hike in Southern Ural: Bakal station - Mt Iremel - Yuryuzan river - city of Ufa
Y. Krivonischenko (leader)
1955 winter, Category I
Ski trek in Ural Mountains: Kourovskaya Tourbase
Y. Krivonischenko
1954 summer, Category I
Trek in Caucasus Mountains: Krasnaya Polyana
Y. Krivonischenko
1954 summer, Category I
Hike in Southern Ural: Ilmenskiy Zapovednik with a hiking permit
Y. Krivonischenko
Aleksander Kolevatov
At the time of the application for the last trek, he had 5 hikes (Case files 201) / 6 according to the reference of the UPI sports club, incl. three 1st cat., one (two) 2nd cat., one 3rd cat.
1959 New Year
Weekend trek on Chusovaya river
I. Dyatlov (leader), A. Kolevatov
1958 winter II Middle Ural
A. Kolevatov (leader)
1958 summer, Category I
Hike and water trek in Eastern Sayan:
A. Kolevatov (leader), with students of Chemistry and Physics UPI
1958 spring
Hike in Middle Ural
N. Kuznetsov (leader), A. Kolevatov
1957 winter 57-58 Ski trek Sverdlovks - Nizhniy Tagil
A. Kolevatov
1957 summer, Category II
Hike and water trek in Southern Ural: Urzhumka - Zyuratkul lake - Tyulyuk settlement - Mt Yaman Tau - Inzer river - Azovo station
Y. Blinov (leader), A. Kolevatov, V. Krotov, B. Ivankov, E. Biryukova, I. Bushueva, Neganova, F. Shulzhevich
1957 winter 56-57
Ski trek in Middle Ural: Sverdlovsk - Mt Kachkanar
A. Kolevatov
1956 summer, Category III
Water trek Subpolar Ural: Mynya station - Synyayu river - Mt Sablya - Bangyryu river - Kasyu river - Kasyu station
L. Blohintsev (leader), A. Kolevatov (Moscow)
1955 summer I Hike in Caucasus Mountains on route №44
A. Kolevatov (Moscow)
Rustem Slobodin
At the time of the application for the last trek, he had 6 hikes (Case files 201, reference of the UPI sports club), incl. two 1st cat., three 2nd cat., and one 3rd cat.
1958 winter, Category II Northern Ural: Polunochnoe station - Chistop range - Molebniy - Vizhay river - Lower Vizhay - Vizhay
L. Grigoryeva (leader), R. Slobodin
1958 Jul 31 - 22 Aug, Category III
Hike in Altai: village of Inya - river mouth - Akem - Akemskoe lake - Argut river - Karagem - Chegan - Uzun
I. Dyatlov (leader), P. Bartolomey, R. Sedov, R. Slobodin, N. Thibeaux-Brignolle, N. Tregubov, V. Halizov, A. Budrin, V. Shunin, Y. Yudin
1958 summer
Western Tien Shan: traversing the mountains from Frunze to Andijan
R. Slobodin with his father, Vladimir Mihaylovich Slobodin
1957 winter, Category II
Northern Ural: city of Karpinsk - Mt Olvinskiy Kamen - Mt Kozhakovskiy Kamen - Kytlym settlement - city of Karpinsk
Y. Krivonischenko (leader), R. Slobodin
1957 summer, Category I
Hike in Tien Shan: Mt Frunze - Mt Karyn - Kacharman settlement - Kugart Pass - Jalal-Abad
Sokolovskiy (leader) from Jalal-Abad, R. Slobodin
1955 winter, Category II
Southern Ural: Bakal station - Mt Iremel - Mt Yaman Tau - Dvoynishi station
Sorokin (leader), R. Slobodin
1952 summer, Category I
Hike in Southern Ural: Ilmenskiy Zapovednik with a hiking permit
R. Slobodin
Semyon Zolotaryov
At the time of the application for the last trek, he had 24 hikes (see Instructor's registration card), incl. seventeen 1st cat., and seven 2nd cat.
Of these, four ski in the Carpathians and in the Northern Caucasus (three - 1st cat., in one of which he is the leader; one - 2nd cat., as instructor)
According to the reference of the UPI sports club dated Mar 23, 1959 classification ticket №157 of S.A. Zolotaryov, issued by the Pharmaceutical Institute VSS (Voluntary Sports Society) "Medic" Pyatigorsk, on Jan 6, 1954 he was given 2nd category in mountain hiking (order №131/ Dec 19, 1953).
The registration card shows that in the winter of 1958 he led 2nd cat. trek in Transcarpathia, and also has experience of three winter treks 1st cat.
In addition.
He also made nine summer treks 1st cat. and five summer treks of 2nd cat.
Yuri Yudin
At the time of the application for the last trek, he had 6 hikes (Case files 201; reference of the UPI sports club), incl. three 1st cat., two 2nd cat., one 3rd cat.
1958 winter, Category II
Northern Ural: Is settlement - Mt Lilyanskiy Kamen - Kytlym settlement - Mt Konzhakovskiy Kamen - city of Karpinsk
Z. Kolmogorova (leader), Y. Doroshenko, Y. Yudin
1958 Jul 31 - 22 Aug, Category III
Hike in Altai: village of Inya - river mouth - Akem - Akemskoe lake - Argut river - Karagem - Chegan - Uzun
I. Dyatlov (leader), P. Bartolomey, R. Sedov, R. Slobodin, N. Thibeaux-Brignolle, N. Tregubov, V. Halizov, A. Budrin, V. Shunin, Y. Yudin
1957 February, Category I
Middle Ural: along Chusovaya river from Staroutkinska to Martyanovo village, ascend to Mt. Starik-Kamen
Y. Doroshenko (leader), E. Zinovyev, B. Martyushev, Y. Blinov, Y. Yudin, E. Pavlov, L. Kiseleva, I. Bushueva, O. Golovan, G. Startseva, E. Biryukova, M. Pinchug, R. Brehunova, Y. Krotov, K. Svechnikova, R. Tipikina, L. Kotelnikova, E. Tsarporodtseva, B. Ivankov and T. Kadrotova 1957 autumn I V. Rudenko (leader), Y. Yudin
1957 summer, Category II
Hike and water trek in Eastern Sayan: Zharovskoe - Bazybayskiy water threshhold - Sobolinka rievr - Bazybay river - Kazyr river - village of Gulyaevska
P. Bartolomey (leader), E. Zinovyev, L. Dubinina, A. Ivlev, B. Martyushev, Y. Doroshenko, Y. Yudin, G. Radosteva, L. Kiseleva
V. Brusnytsin (leader), S. Trenin, V. Markovskiy, V. Kiselev, O. Nikitina, N. Solovyova, B. Slobtsov, A. Selezneva
1956 autumn, Category I
Hike in Middle Ural
Y. Yudin

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Sixty-one years ago to the day.
Here is a little history of how the group got together, from documents and recollections of their fellow hikers; who went on this trek, who didn’t and why.
From Chubarev and Popov letters:
"Dyatlov gathers a group for the Subpolar Urals from as early as Oct 15, 1958.
On Dec 12, 1958 he invites Nikolay Thibeaux-Brignolle, Yuri Doroshenko and Nikolay Popov, if the latter is allowed form his place of work, the Tatarstan Research Institute of Petroleum Machine Building (TatNIIneftemash)."
From Sergey Sogrin testimony (Case files 330):
"In the winter of 1958-1959, Dyatlov began to prepare new expedition of which the whole section knew. Initially, the expedition was supposed to be carried out in the Subpolar Ural, but since this area required a lot of time, it was abandoned and the Northern Ural was chosen - the region is easier and more accessible.
I myself was also in midst of a preparation of a category III trip to the Subpolar Ural, and Dyatlov and I often talked about our routes, shared our experience, jointly decided on some or other issues of preparation, tactics on the route."
From Sergey Sogrin recollections:
"I invited Zina Kolmogorova in our group...
One day, Zina somehow embarrassedly refused to go with us...
Most likely Zina decided to get permission from Igor to join our group.
I think that in the manner typical of him he quite bluntly refused her ...
Zolotaryov preferred Dyatlov’s trek, and Igor accepted Zolotaryov in his group."
From Yuri Yudin testimony (Case files 293-294):
"In December 1958, several members refused to go.
Then I, Doroshenko and two other students - Bienko and Vishnevskiy asked Dyatlov to join the group...
Subsequently, Vishnevskiy and Bienko decided not to participate in the hike."
From Vadim Brusnitsyn testimony (Case files 362):
"The trip to the Northern Ural was conceived in the fall.
The first organizers of it were Y. Vishnevsky, L. Dubinina and S. Bienko. At first they did not get along well... until Igor Dyatlov took up the cause to organize the group."
From Vladislav Bienko recollections:
"I didn’t succeed with my own route to the Subpolar Ural, and in early January 1959 I asked to join I.
Dyatlov’s group, leaving for the Northern Ural, and was accepted."
From Petr Bartolomey recollections:
"After this trek [1958 Altai in summer] Dyatlov was eager for the next vacation to go skiing in the area of Mt Otorten.
He invited five members from the Altai group: Slobodin, Thibeaux-Brignolle, Yudin, me and Halizov ...
Only a tempting prestigious place in the undergraduate practice at Mosenergo (Company of Energy and Electrification, daughter company of Moscow United Energy Company) made me leave the Dyatlov group a month before the start of the trek. I can't remember now why did not Halizov go."
From Yuri Blinov recollections
"It started with us...[blinov], Yudin, Doroshenko, Kolmogorova...
And Slavka (short for Vladislav) [bienko]...
Sashka (short for Aleksander) Kolevatov sided with me...
And we invited Dyatlov...
And we had an earlier agreement with Yuri Krivonischenko that he would join...
And then when I wagged my tail - Kolevatov stayed there [he was not friends and did not know the physicists from the new Blinov group]... [Dyatlov] invited Zolotaryov; and Slobodin responded as well... they appeared later and joined..."
From Zinaida Kolmogorova letter:
"The composition of the group on Jan 22, 1959: Dyatlov, N. Tibo, Yuri Krivonschenko, Yudin, Vishnevskiy, Bienko, Kolevatov, Dubinina, Kolmogorova, Doroshenko"

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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  • fortyck zmienił(a) tytuł na Tragedia na Przełęczy Diatłowa (1 luty 1959 r.)
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